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< p class = "caption" role = "heading" > < span class = "caption-text" > Introduction< / span > < / p >
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< p class = "caption" role = "heading" > < span class = "caption-text" > Environments< / span > < / p >
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< li class = "toctree-l1 current has-children" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../" > Atari< / a > < input checked = "" class = "toctree-checkbox" id = "toctree-checkbox-2" name = "toctree-checkbox-2" role = "switch" type = "checkbox" / > < label for = "toctree-checkbox-2" > < div class = "visually-hidden" > Toggle child pages in navigation< / div > < i class = "icon" > < svg > < use href = "#svg-arrow-right" > < / use > < / svg > < / i > < / label > < ul class = "current" >
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< li class = "toctree-l2 current current-page" > < a class = "current reference internal" href = "#" > Gopher< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../skiing/" > Skiings< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../solaris/" > Solaris< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../space_invaders/" > SpaceInvaders< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../star_gunner/" > StarGunner< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../tennis/" > Tennis< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../time_pilot/" > TimePilot< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../tutankham/" > Tutankham< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1 has-children" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../mujoco/" > MuJoCo< / a > < input class = "toctree-checkbox" id = "toctree-checkbox-3" name = "toctree-checkbox-3" role = "switch" type = "checkbox" / > < label for = "toctree-checkbox-3" > < div class = "visually-hidden" > Toggle child pages in navigation< / div > < i class = "icon" > < svg > < use href = "#svg-arrow-right" > < / use > < / svg > < / i > < / label > < ul >
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< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../mujoco/ant/" > Ant< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../mujoco/half_cheetah/" > Half Cheetah< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../mujoco/hopper/" > Hopper< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../mujoco/humanoid_standup/" > Humanoid Standup< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../mujoco/humanoid/" > Humanoid< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../mujoco/inverted_double_pendulum/" > Inverted Double Pendulum< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../mujoco/inverted_pendulum/" > Inverted Pendulum< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1 has-children" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../toy_text/" > Toy Text< / a > < input class = "toctree-checkbox" id = "toctree-checkbox-4" name = "toctree-checkbox-4" role = "switch" type = "checkbox" / > < label for = "toctree-checkbox-4" > < div class = "visually-hidden" > Toggle child pages in navigation< / div > < i class = "icon" > < svg > < use href = "#svg-arrow-right" > < / use > < / svg > < / i > < / label > < ul >
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< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../toy_text/blackjack/" > Blackjack< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../toy_text/taxi/" > Taxi< / a > < / li >
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< / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1 has-children" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../classic_control/" > Classic Control< / a > < input class = "toctree-checkbox" id = "toctree-checkbox-5" name = "toctree-checkbox-5" role = "switch" type = "checkbox" / > < label for = "toctree-checkbox-5" > < div class = "visually-hidden" > Toggle child pages in navigation< / div > < i class = "icon" > < svg > < use href = "#svg-arrow-right" > < / use > < / svg > < / i > < / label > < ul >
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< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../classic_control/acrobot/" > Acrobot< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../classic_control/cart_pole/" > Cart Pole< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../classic_control/mountain_car_continuous/" > Mountain Car Continuous< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../classic_control/mountain_car/" > Mountain Car< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../classic_control/pendulum/" > Pendulum< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1 has-children" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../box2d/" > Box2D< / a > < input class = "toctree-checkbox" id = "toctree-checkbox-6" name = "toctree-checkbox-6" role = "switch" type = "checkbox" / > < label for = "toctree-checkbox-6" > < div class = "visually-hidden" > Toggle child pages in navigation< / div > < i class = "icon" > < svg > < use href = "#svg-arrow-right" > < / use > < / svg > < / i > < / label > < ul >
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< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../box2d/bipedal_walker/" > Bipedal Walker< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../box2d/car_racing/" > Car Racing< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../box2d/lunar_lander/" > Lunar Lander< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../third_party_environments/" > Third Party Environments< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< p class = "caption" role = "heading" > < span class = "caption-text" > Tutorials< / span > < / p >
< ul >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../../content/environment_creation/" > Make your own custom environment< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "../../../content/vectorising/" > Vectorising your environments< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< p class = "caption" role = "heading" > < span class = "caption-text" > Development< / span > < / p >
< ul >
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< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Gymnasium" > Github< / a > < / li >
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< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://farama.org/donations" > Donate< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / aside >
< div class = "main" >
< div class = "content" >
< div class = "article-container" >
< a href = "#" class = "back-to-top muted-link" >
< svg xmlns = "http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox = "0 0 24 24" >
< path d = "M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12z" > < / path >
< / svg >
< span > Back to top< / span >
< / a >
< div class = "content-icon-container" >
< div class = "theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-content" >
< button class = "theme-toggle" >
< div class = "visually-hidden" > Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme< / div >
< svg class = "theme-icon-when-auto" > < use href = "#svg-sun-half" > < / use > < / svg >
< svg class = "theme-icon-when-dark" > < use href = "#svg-moon" > < / use > < / svg >
< svg class = "theme-icon-when-light" > < use href = "#svg-sun" > < / use > < / svg >
< / button >
< / div >
< label class = "toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for = "__toc" >
< div class = "visually-hidden" > Toggle table of contents sidebar< / div >
< i class = "icon" > < svg > < use href = "#svg-toc" > < / use > < / svg > < / i >
< / label >
< / div >
< article role = "main" >
< section id = "gopher" >
< h1 > Gopher< a class = "headerlink" href = "#gopher" title = "Permalink to this heading" > #< / a > < / h1 >
< figure class = "align-default" id = "id1" >
< a class = "reference internal image-reference" href = "../../../_images/gopher.gif" > < img alt = "../../../_images/gopher.gif" src = "../../../_images/gopher.gif" style = "width: 120px;" / > < / a >
< / figure >
< p > This environment is part of the < a href = '..' > Atari environments< / a > . Please read that page first for general information.< / p >
< div class = "table-wrapper colwidths-auto docutils container" >
< table class = "docutils align-default" >
< thead >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < th class = "head" > < p > < / p > < / th >
< th class = "head" > < p > < / p > < / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > Action Space< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > Discrete(18)< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > Observation Space< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > (210, 160, 3)< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > Observation High< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > 255< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > Observation Low< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > 0< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > Import< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > gymnasium.make(" ALE/Gopher-v5" )< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
< section id = "description" >
< h2 > Description< a class = "headerlink" href = "#description" title = "Permalink to this heading" > #< / a > < / h2 >
< p > The player controls a shovel-wielding farmer who protects a crop of three carrots from a gopher. < a class = "reference external" href = "https://atariage.com/manual_html_page.php?SoftwareLabelID=218" > the AtariAge page< / a > .< / p >
< / section >
< section id = "rewards" >
< h2 > Rewards< a class = "headerlink" href = "#rewards" title = "Permalink to this heading" > #< / a > < / h2 >
< p > The exact reward dynamics depend on the environment and are usually documented in the game’
find these manuals on < a class = "reference external" href = "https://atariage.com/manual_html_page.php?SoftwareLabelID=218" > AtariAge< / a > .< / p >
< p > Atari environments are simulated via the Arcade Learning Environment (ALE) < a class = "reference internal" href = "../#id1" > < span class = "std std-ref" > [1]< / span > < / a > .< / p >
< / section >
< section id = "action-space" >
< h2 > Action Space< a class = "headerlink" href = "#action-space" title = "Permalink to this heading" > #< / a > < / h2 >
< p > The action space a subset of the following discrete set of legal actions:< / p >
< div class = "table-wrapper colwidths-auto docutils container" >
< table class = "docutils align-default" >
< thead >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < th class = "head" > < p > Num< / p > < / th >
< th class = "head" > < p > Action< / p > < / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 0< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > NOOP< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 1< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > FIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 2< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > UP< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 3< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > RIGHT< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 4< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > LEFT< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 5< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > DOWN< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 6< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > UPRIGHT< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 7< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > UPLEFT< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 8< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > DOWNRIGHT< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 9< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > DOWNLEFT< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 10< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > UPFIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 11< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > RIGHTFIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 12< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > LEFTFIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 13< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > DOWNFIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 14< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > UPRIGHTFIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 15< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > UPLEFTFIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > 16< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > DOWNRIGHTFIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > 17< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > DOWNLEFTFIRE< / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
< p > If you use v0 or v4 and the environment is initialized via < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > make< / span > < / code > , the action space will usually be much smaller since most legal actions don’
any effect. Thus, the enumeration of the actions will differ. The action space can be expanded to the full
legal space by passing the keyword argument < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > full_action_space=True< / span > < / code > to < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > make< / span > < / code > .< / p >
< p > The reduced action space of an Atari environment may depend on the flavor of the game. You can specify the flavor by providing
the arguments < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > difficulty< / span > < / code > and < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > mode< / span > < / code > when constructing the environment. This documentation only provides details on the
action spaces of default flavors.< / p >
< / section >
< section id = "observations" >
< h2 > Observations< a class = "headerlink" href = "#observations" title = "Permalink to this heading" > #< / a > < / h2 >
< p > By default, the environment returns the RGB image that is displayed to human players as an observation. However, it is
possible to observe< / p >
< ul class = "simple" >
< li > < p > The 128 Bytes of RAM of the console< / p > < / li >
< li > < p > A grayscale image< / p > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > instead. The respective observation spaces are< / p >
< ul class = "simple" >
< li > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > Box([0< / span > < span class = "pre" > ...< / span > < span class = "pre" > 0],< / span > < span class = "pre" > [255< / span > < span class = "pre" > ...< / span > < span class = "pre" > 255],< / span > < span class = "pre" > (128,),< / span > < span class = "pre" > uint8)< / span > < / code > < / p > < / li >
< li > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > Box([[0< / span > < span class = "pre" > ...< / span > < span class = "pre" > 0]< / span > < span class = "pre" > ...< / span > < span class = "pre" > [0< / span >   < span class = "pre" > ...< / span > < span class = "pre" > 0]],< / span > < span class = "pre" > [[255< / span > < span class = "pre" > ...< / span > < span class = "pre" > 255]< / span > < span class = "pre" > ...< / span > < span class = "pre" > [255< / span >   < span class = "pre" > ...< / span > < span class = "pre" > 255]],< / span > < span class = "pre" > (250,< / span > < span class = "pre" > 160),< / span > < span class = "pre" > uint8)< / span > < / code > < / p > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > respectively. The general article on Atari environments outlines different ways to instantiate corresponding environments
via < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > gymnasium.make< / span > < / code > .< / p >
< / section >
< section id = "arguments" >
< h2 > Arguments< a class = "headerlink" href = "#arguments" title = "Permalink to this heading" > #< / a > < / h2 >
< div class = "highlight-default notranslate" > < div class = "highlight" > < pre > < span > < / span > < span class = "n" > env< / span > < span class = "o" > =< / span > < span class = "n" > gymnasium< / span > < span class = "o" > .< / span > < span class = "n" > make< / span > < span class = "p" > (< / span > < span class = "s2" > " ALE/Gopher-v5" < / span > < span class = "p" > )< / span >
< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< p > The various ways to configure the environment are described in detail in the article on Atari environments.< / p >
< div class = "table-wrapper colwidths-auto docutils container" >
< table class = "docutils align-default" >
< thead >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < th class = "head" > < p > Environment< / p > < / th >
< th class = "head" > < p > Valid Modes< / p > < / th >
< th class = "head" > < p > Valid Difficulties< / p > < / th >
< th class = "head" > < p > Default Mode< / p > < / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > Gopher< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > [0,< / span > < span class = "pre" > 2]< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > [0,< / span > < span class = "pre" > 1]< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > 0< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
< p > You may use the suffix “-ram” to switch to the RAM observation space. In v0 and v4, the suffixes “Deterministic” and “NoFrameskip”
are available. These are no longer supported in v5. In order to obtain equivalent behavior, pass keyword arguments to < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > gymnasium.make< / span > < / code > as outlined in
the general article on Atari environments.
The versions v0 and v4 are not contained in the “ALE” namespace. I.e. they are instantiated via < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > gymnasium.make(" Gopher-v0" )< / span > < / code > .< / p >
< / section >
< section id = "version-history" >
< h2 > Version History< a class = "headerlink" href = "#version-history" title = "Permalink to this heading" > #< / a > < / h2 >
< p > A thorough discussion of the intricate differences between the versions and configurations can be found in the
general article on Atari environments.< / p >
< div class = "table-wrapper colwidths-auto docutils container" >
< table class = "docutils align-default" >
< thead >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < th class = "head" > < p > Version< / p > < / th >
< th class = "head" > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > frameskip=< / span > < / code > < / p > < / th >
< th class = "head" > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > repeat_action_probability=< / span > < / code > < / p > < / th >
< th class = "head" > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > full_action_space=< / span > < / code > < / p > < / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > v0< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > (2,< / span > < span class = "pre" > 5,)< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > 0.25< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > False< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-odd" > < td > < p > v4< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > (2,< / span > < span class = "pre" > 5,)< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > 0.0< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > False< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< tr class = "row-even" > < td > < p > v5< / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > 5< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > 0.25< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< td > < p > < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > True< / span > < / code > < / p > < / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table >
< / div >
< blockquote >
< div > < p > Version v5 follows the best practices outlined in < a class = "reference internal" href = "../#id2" > < span class = "std std-ref" > [2]< / span > < / a > . Thus, it is recommended to transition to v5 and
customize the environment using the arguments above, if necessary.< / p >
< / div > < / blockquote >
< / section >
< / section >
< / article >
< / div >
< footer >
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< div class = "copyright" >
Copyright © 2022, Farama Foundation
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Made with < a href = "https://www.sphinx-doc.org/" > Sphinx< / a > and < a class = "muted-link" href = "https://pradyunsg.me" > @pradyunsg< / a > 's
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< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#" > Gopher< / a > < ul >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#description" > Description< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#rewards" > Rewards< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#action-space" > Action Space< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#observations" > Observations< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#arguments" > Arguments< / a > < / li >
< li > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#version-history" > Version History< / a > < / li >
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