Files
Gymnasium/api/spaces/utils/index.html
2025-07-02 22:33:00 +00:00

1002 lines
124 KiB
HTML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<!doctype html>
<html class="no-js" lang="en" data-content_root="../../../">
<head><meta charset="utf-8"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"/>
<meta name="color-scheme" content="light dark">
<meta name="description" content="A standard API for reinforcement learning and a diverse set of reference environments (formerly Gym)">
<meta property="og:title" content="Gymnasium Documentation" />
<meta property="og:type" content="website" />
<meta property="og:description" content="A standard API for reinforcement learning and a diverse set of reference environments (formerly Gym)" />
<meta property="og:url" content="https://gymnasium.farama.org/api/spaces/utils.html" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://gymnasium.farama.org/_static/img/gymnasium-github.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" />
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="../../../genindex/" /><link rel="search" title="Search" href="../../../search/" /><link rel="next" title="Wrappers" href="../../wrappers/" /><link rel="prev" title="Composite Spaces" href="../composite/" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://gymnasium.farama.org/api/spaces/utils.html" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../../../_static/favicon.png"/><!-- Generated with Sphinx 7.4.7 and Furo 2023.08.19.dev1 -->
<title>Spaces Utils - Gymnasium Documentation</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../_static/pygments.css?v=8f2a1f02" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../_static/styles/furo.css?v=3e7f4c72" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../_static/sg_gallery.css?v=61a4c737" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../_static/sg_gallery-binder.css?v=f4aeca0c" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../_static/sg_gallery-dataframe.css?v=2082cf3c" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../_static/sg_gallery-rendered-html.css?v=1277b6f3" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../../_static/styles/furo-extensions.css?v=82c8b628" />
<style>
body {
--color-code-background: #f8f8f8;
--color-code-foreground: black;
}
@media not print {
body[data-theme="dark"] {
--color-code-background: #202020;
--color-code-foreground: #d0d0d0;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
body:not([data-theme="light"]) {
--color-code-background: #202020;
--color-code-foreground: #d0d0d0;
}
}
}
</style></head>
<body>
<header class="farama-header" aria-label="Farama header">
<div class="farama-header__container">
<div class="farama-header__left--mobile">
<label class="nav-overlay-icon" for="__navigation">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle site navigation sidebar</div>
<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<defs></defs>
<line x1="0.5" y1="4" x2="23.5" y2="4"></line>
<line x1="0.232" y1="12" x2="23.5" y2="12"></line>
<line x1="0.232" y1="20" x2="23.5" y2="20"></line>
</svg>
</label>
</div>
<div class="farama-header__left farama-header__center--mobile">
<a href="../../../">
<img class="farama-header__logo only-light" src="../../../_static/img/gymnasium_black.svg" alt="Light Logo"/>
<img class="farama-header__logo only-dark" src="../../../_static/img/gymnasium_white.svg" alt="Dark Logo"/>
<span class="farama-header__title">Gymnasium Documentation</span>
</a>
</div>
<div class="farama-header__right">
<div class="farama-header-menu">
<button class="farama-header-menu__btn" aria-label="Open Farama Menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="farama-menu">
<img class="farama-black-logo-invert" src="../../../_static/img/farama-logo-header.svg">
<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<polyline style="stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; fill: none; stroke-width: 2px;" points="1 7 12 18 23 7"></polyline>
</svg>
</button>
<div class="farama-header-menu-container farama-hidden" aria-hidden="true" id="farama-menu">
<div class="farama-header-menu__header">
<a href="https://farama.org">
<img class="farama-header-menu__logo farama-white-logo-invert" src="../../../_static/img/farama_solid_white.svg" alt="Farama Foundation logo">
<span>Farama Foundation</span>
</a>
<div class="farama-header-menu-header__right">
<button id="farama-close-menu">
<svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-close">
<line x1="3" y1="21" x2="21" y2="3"></line>
<line x1="3" y1="3" x2="21" y2="21"></line>
</svg>
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="farama-header-menu__body">
<!-- Response from farama.org/api/projects.json -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</header>
<script>
document.body.dataset.theme = localStorage.getItem("theme") || "auto";
</script>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="display: none;">
<symbol id="svg-toc" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Contents</title>
<svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 1024 1024">
<path d="M408 442h480c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8H408c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8zm-8 204c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h480c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8H408c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56zm504-486H120c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h784c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8zm0 632H120c-4.4 0-8 3.6-8 8v56c0 4.4 3.6 8 8 8h784c4.4 0 8-3.6 8-8v-56c0-4.4-3.6-8-8-8zM115.4 518.9L271.7 642c5.8 4.6 14.4.5 14.4-6.9V388.9c0-7.4-8.5-11.5-14.4-6.9L115.4 505.1a8.74 8.74 0 0 0 0 13.8z"/>
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-menu" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Menu</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-menu">
<line x1="3" y1="12" x2="21" y2="12"></line>
<line x1="3" y1="6" x2="21" y2="6"></line>
<line x1="3" y1="18" x2="21" y2="18"></line>
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-arrow-right" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Expand</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-chevron-right">
<polyline points="9 18 15 12 9 6"></polyline>
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-sun" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Light mode</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather-sun">
<circle cx="12" cy="12" r="5"></circle>
<line x1="12" y1="1" x2="12" y2="3"></line>
<line x1="12" y1="21" x2="12" y2="23"></line>
<line x1="4.22" y1="4.22" x2="5.64" y2="5.64"></line>
<line x1="18.36" y1="18.36" x2="19.78" y2="19.78"></line>
<line x1="1" y1="12" x2="3" y2="12"></line>
<line x1="21" y1="12" x2="23" y2="12"></line>
<line x1="4.22" y1="19.78" x2="5.64" y2="18.36"></line>
<line x1="18.36" y1="5.64" x2="19.78" y2="4.22"></line>
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-moon" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Dark mode</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-moon">
<path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none" />
<path d="M12 3c.132 0 .263 0 .393 0a7.5 7.5 0 0 0 7.92 12.446a9 9 0 1 1 -8.313 -12.454z" />
</svg>
</symbol>
<symbol id="svg-sun-half" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<title>Auto light/dark mode</title>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor"
stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="icon-tabler-shadow">
<path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/>
<circle cx="12" cy="12" r="9" />
<path d="M13 12h5" />
<path d="M13 15h4" />
<path d="M13 18h1" />
<path d="M13 9h4" />
<path d="M13 6h1" />
</svg>
</symbol>
</svg>
<input type="checkbox" class="sidebar-toggle" name="__navigation" id="__navigation">
<input type="checkbox" class="sidebar-toggle" name="__toc" id="__toc">
<label class="overlay sidebar-overlay" for="__navigation">
<div class="visually-hidden">Hide navigation sidebar</div>
</label>
<label class="overlay toc-overlay" for="__toc">
<div class="visually-hidden">Hide table of contents sidebar</div>
</label>
<div class="page">
<!--<header class="mobile-header">
<div class="header-left">
<label class="nav-overlay-icon" for="__navigation">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle site navigation sidebar</div>
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-menu"></use></svg></i>
</label>
</div>
<div class="header-center">
<a href="../../../"><div class="brand">Gymnasium Documentation</div></a>
</div>
<div class="header-right">
<div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-header">
<button class="theme-toggle">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme</div>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-auto"><use href="#svg-sun-half"></use></svg>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-dark"><use href="#svg-moon"></use></svg>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-light"><use href="#svg-sun"></use></svg>
</button>
</div>
<label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-header-icon" for="__toc">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle table of contents sidebar</div>
<i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-toc"></use></svg></i>
</label>
</div>
</header>-->
<aside class="sidebar-drawer">
<div class="sidebar-container">
<div class="sidebar-sticky"><a class="farama-sidebar__title" href="../../../">
<img class="farama-header__logo only-light" src="../../../_static/img/gymnasium_black.svg" alt="Light Logo"/>
<img class="farama-header__logo only-dark" src="../../../_static/img/gymnasium_white.svg" alt="Dark Logo"/>
<span class="farama-header__title">Gymnasium Documentation</span>
</a><form class="sidebar-search-container" method="get" action="../../../search/" role="search">
<input class="sidebar-search" placeholder="Search" name="q" aria-label="Search">
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes">
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default">
</form>
<div id="searchbox"></div><div class="sidebar-scroll"><div class="sidebar-tree">
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Introduction</span></p>
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../introduction/basic_usage/">Basic Usage</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../introduction/train_agent/">Training an Agent</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../introduction/create_custom_env/">Create a Custom Environment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../introduction/record_agent/">Recording Agents</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../introduction/speed_up_env/">Speeding Up Training</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../introduction/migration_guide/">Gym Migration Guide</a></li>
</ul>
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">API</span></p>
<ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../env/">Env</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../registry/">Make and register</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1 current has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../">Spaces</a><input checked="" class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-1" name="toctree-checkbox-1" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-1"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Spaces</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/">Fundamental Spaces</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/">Composite Spaces</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 current current-page"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Spaces Utils</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../../wrappers/">Wrappers</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-2" name="toctree-checkbox-2" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-2"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Wrappers</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../wrappers/table/">List of Wrappers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../wrappers/misc_wrappers/">Misc Wrappers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../wrappers/action_wrappers/">Action Wrappers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../wrappers/observation_wrappers/">Observation Wrappers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../wrappers/reward_wrappers/">Reward Wrappers</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../../vector/">Vectorize</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-3" name="toctree-checkbox-3" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-3"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Vectorize</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../vector/wrappers/">Wrappers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../vector/async_vector_env/">AsyncVectorEnv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../vector/sync_vector_env/">SyncVectorEnv</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../vector/utils/">Utility functions</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../utils/">Utility functions</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../functional/">Functional Env</a></li>
</ul>
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Environments</span></p>
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/classic_control/">Classic Control</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-4" name="toctree-checkbox-4" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-4"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Classic Control</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/classic_control/acrobot/">Acrobot</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/classic_control/cart_pole/">Cart Pole</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/classic_control/mountain_car_continuous/">Mountain Car Continuous</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/classic_control/mountain_car/">Mountain Car</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/classic_control/pendulum/">Pendulum</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/box2d/">Box2D</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-5" name="toctree-checkbox-5" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-5"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Box2D</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/box2d/bipedal_walker/">Bipedal Walker</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/box2d/car_racing/">Car Racing</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/box2d/lunar_lander/">Lunar Lander</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/toy_text/">Toy Text</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-6" name="toctree-checkbox-6" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-6"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Toy Text</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/toy_text/blackjack/">Blackjack</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/toy_text/taxi/">Taxi</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/toy_text/cliff_walking/">Cliff Walking</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/toy_text/frozen_lake/">Frozen Lake</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/">MuJoCo</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-7" name="toctree-checkbox-7" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-7"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of MuJoCo</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/ant/">Ant</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/half_cheetah/">Half Cheetah</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/hopper/">Hopper</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/humanoid/">Humanoid</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/humanoid_standup/">Humanoid Standup</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/inverted_double_pendulum/">Inverted Double Pendulum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/inverted_pendulum/">Inverted Pendulum</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/pusher/">Pusher</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/reacher/">Reacher</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/swimmer/">Swimmer</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/mujoco/walker2d/">Walker2D</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/atari/">Atari</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../environments/third_party_environments/">External Environments</a></li>
</ul>
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Tutorials</span></p>
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/gymnasium_basics/">Gymnasium Basics</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-8" name="toctree-checkbox-8" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-8"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Gymnasium Basics</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/gymnasium_basics/environment_creation/">Make your own custom environment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/gymnasium_basics/handling_time_limits/">Handling Time Limits</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/gymnasium_basics/implementing_custom_wrappers/">Implementing Custom Wrappers</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/gymnasium_basics/load_quadruped_model/">Load custom quadruped robot environments</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/">Training Agents</a><input class="toctree-checkbox" id="toctree-checkbox-9" name="toctree-checkbox-9" role="switch" type="checkbox"/><label for="toctree-checkbox-9"><div class="visually-hidden">Toggle navigation of Training Agents</div><i class="icon"><svg><use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use></svg></i></label><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/action_masking_taxi/">Action Masking in the Taxi Environment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/action_masking_taxi/#running-the-experiment">Running the Experiment</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/action_masking_taxi/#visualizing-results">Visualizing Results</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/action_masking_taxi/#results-analysis">Results Analysis</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/blackjack_q_learning/">Solving Blackjack with Tabular Q-Learning</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/frozenlake_q_learning/">Solving Frozenlake with Tabular Q-Learning</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/mujoco_reinforce/">Training using REINFORCE for Mujoco</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/training_agents/vector_a2c/">Speeding up A2C Training with Vector Envs</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../tutorials/third-party-tutorials/">Third-Party Tutorials</a></li>
</ul>
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Development</span></p>
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Gymnasium">Github</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.17032">Paper</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../gymnasium_release_notes/">Gymnasium Release Notes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../../gym_release_notes/">Gym Release Notes</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Gymnasium/blob/main/docs/README.md">Contribute to the Docs</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
<div class="main-container">
<div class="main">
<div class="content">
<div class="article-container">
<a href="#" class="back-to-top muted-link">
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24">
<path d="M13 20h-2V8l-5.5 5.5-1.42-1.42L12 4.16l7.92 7.92-1.42 1.42L13 8v12z"></path>
</svg>
<span>Back to top</span>
</a>
<div class="content-icon-container"><div class="edit-this-page">
<a class="muted-link" href="https://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Gymnasium/edit/main/docs/api/spaces/utils.md" title="Edit this page">
<svg aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" fill="none" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round">
<path stroke="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z" fill="none"/>
<path d="M4 20h4l10.5 -10.5a1.5 1.5 0 0 0 -4 -4l-10.5 10.5v4" />
<line x1="13.5" y1="6.5" x2="17.5" y2="10.5" />
</svg>
<span class="visually-hidden">Edit this page</span>
</a>
</div><div class="theme-toggle-container theme-toggle-content">
<button class="theme-toggle" title="Toggle color theme">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle Light / Dark / Auto color theme</div>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-auto">
<use href="#svg-sun-half"></use>
</svg>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-dark">
<use href="#svg-moon"></use>
</svg>
<svg class="theme-icon-when-light">
<use href="#svg-sun"></use>
</svg>
</button>
</div>
<label class="toc-overlay-icon toc-content-icon" for="__toc">
<div class="visually-hidden">Toggle table of contents sidebar</div>
<i class="icon"><svg>
<use href="#svg-toc"></use>
</svg></i>
</label>
</div>
<article role="main">
<section class="tex2jax_ignore mathjax_ignore" id="spaces-utils">
<h1>Spaces Utils<a class="headerlink" href="#spaces-utils" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten_space">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../#gymnasium.spaces.Space" title="gymnasium.spaces.space.Space"><span class="pre">Space</span></a><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Dict" title="gymnasium.spaces.dict.Dict"><span class="pre">Dict</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Sequence" title="gymnasium.spaces.sequence.Sequence"><span class="pre">Sequence</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Tuple" title="gymnasium.spaces.tuple.Tuple"><span class="pre">Tuple</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.graph.Graph"><span class="pre">Graph</span></a></span></span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/gymnasium/spaces/utils/#flatten_space"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten_space" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Discrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.discrete.Discrete"><span class="pre">Discrete</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_discrete.MultiDiscrete"><span class="pre">MultiDiscrete</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Discrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.discrete.Discrete"><span class="pre">Discrete</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_discrete.MultiDiscrete"><span class="pre">MultiDiscrete</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Discrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.discrete.Discrete"><span class="pre">Discrete</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_discrete.MultiDiscrete"><span class="pre">MultiDiscrete</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Tuple" title="gymnasium.spaces.tuple.Tuple"><span class="pre">Tuple</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Tuple" title="gymnasium.spaces.tuple.Tuple"><span class="pre">Tuple</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Dict" title="gymnasium.spaces.dict.Dict"><span class="pre">Dict</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Dict" title="gymnasium.spaces.dict.Dict"><span class="pre">Dict</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.graph.Graph"><span class="pre">Graph</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.graph.Graph"><span class="pre">Graph</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Text" title="gymnasium.spaces.text.Text"><span class="pre">Text</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Sequence" title="gymnasium.spaces.sequence.Sequence"><span class="pre">Sequence</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Sequence" title="gymnasium.spaces.sequence.Sequence"><span class="pre">Sequence</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten_space</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.OneOf" title="gymnasium.spaces.oneof.OneOf"><span class="pre">OneOf</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a></span></span></dt>
<dd><p>Flatten a space into a space that is as flat as possible.</p>
<p>This function will attempt to flatten <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">space</span></code> into a single <a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.Box"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Box</span></code></a> space.
However, this might not be possible when <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">space</span></code> is an instance of <a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.Graph"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Graph</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Sequence" title="gymnasium.spaces.Sequence"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Sequence</span></code></a> or a compound space that contains a <a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.Graph"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Graph</span></code></a>
or <a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Sequence" title="gymnasium.spaces.Sequence"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Sequence</span></code></a> space.
This is equivalent to <a class="reference internal" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten" title="gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flatten()</span></code></a>, but operates on the space itself. The
result for non-graph spaces is always a <a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.Box"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Box</span></code></a> with flat boundaries. While
the result for graph spaces is always a <a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.Graph"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Graph</span></code></a> with
<code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Graph.node_space</span></code> being a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Box</span></code>
with flat boundaries and <code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Graph.edge_space</span></code> being a <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Box</span></code> with flat boundaries or
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>. The box has exactly <a class="reference internal" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatdim" title="gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatdim"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flatdim()</span></code></a> dimensions. Flattening a sample
of the original space has the same effect as taking a sample of the flattened
space. However, sampling from the flattened space is not necessarily reversible.
For example, sampling from a flattened Discrete space is the same as sampling from
a Box, and the results may not be integers or one-hot encodings. This may result in
errors or non-uniform sampling.</p>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>space</strong> The space to flatten</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Returns<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p><strong>A flattened Box</strong></p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">Raises<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>NotImplementedError</strong> if the space is not defined in <a class="reference internal" href="../#module-gymnasium.spaces" title="gymnasium.spaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt>Example - Flatten spaces.Box:</dt><dd><div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">gymnasium.spaces</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Box</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">box</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Box</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">box</span>
<span class="go">Box(0.0, 1.0, (3, 4, 5), float32)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten_space</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">box</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">Box(0.0, 1.0, (60,), float32)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">box</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">box</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sample</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">flatten_space</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">box</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd>
<dt>Example - Flatten spaces.Discrete:</dt><dd><div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">gymnasium.spaces</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">discrete</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten_space</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">discrete</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">Box(0, 1, (5,), int64)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">discrete</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">discrete</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sample</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">flatten_space</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">discrete</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd>
<dt>Example - Flatten spaces.Dict:</dt><dd><div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">gymnasium.spaces</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Dict</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Box</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">space</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Dict</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s2">&quot;position&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s2">&quot;velocity&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Box</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">))})</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten_space</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">Box(0.0, 1.0, (6,), float64)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">space</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sample</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">flatten_space</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd>
<dt>Example - Flatten spaces.Graph:</dt><dd><div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">gymnasium.spaces</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Graph</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Box</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">space</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Graph</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">node_space</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Box</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">low</span><span class="o">=-</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">high</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)),</span> <span class="n">edge_space</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten_space</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">Graph(Box(-100.0, 100.0, (12,), float32), Box(0, 1, (5,), int64))</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">space</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sample</span><span class="p">())</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">flatten_space</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../#gymnasium.spaces.Space" title="gymnasium.spaces.space.Space"><span class="pre">Space</span></a><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">T</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">T</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dict</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">str</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">GraphInstance</span></span></span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/gymnasium/spaces/utils/#flatten"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Discrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.discrete.Discrete"><span class="pre">Discrete</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">int64</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">int64</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_discrete.MultiDiscrete"><span class="pre">MultiDiscrete</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">int64</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">int64</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Tuple" title="gymnasium.spaces.tuple.Tuple"><span class="pre">Tuple</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Dict" title="gymnasium.spaces.dict.Dict"><span class="pre">Dict</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">dict</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">str</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">dict</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">str</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.graph.Graph"><span class="pre">Graph</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">GraphInstance</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">GraphInstance</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Text" title="gymnasium.spaces.text.Text"><span class="pre">Text</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">str</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">int32</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Sequence" title="gymnasium.spaces.sequence.Sequence"><span class="pre">Sequence</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.OneOf" title="gymnasium.spaces.oneof.OneOf"><span class="pre">OneOf</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">int</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dd><p>Flatten a data point from a space.</p>
<p>This is useful when e.g. points from spaces must be passed to a neural
network, which only understands flat arrays of floats.</p>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
<li><p><strong>space</strong> The space that <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span></code> is flattened by</p></li>
<li><p><strong>x</strong> The value to flatten</p></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Returns<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p><strong>The flattened datapoint</strong> </p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>For <a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.Box"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Box</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary</span></code></a>, this is a flattened array</p></li>
<li><p>For <a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Discrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.Discrete"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Discrete</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete</span></code></a>, this is a flattened one-hot array of the sample</p></li>
<li><p>For <a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Tuple" title="gymnasium.spaces.Tuple"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Tuple</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Dict" title="gymnasium.spaces.Dict"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Dict</span></code></a>, this is a concatenated array the subspaces (does not support graph subspaces)</p></li>
<li><dl class="simple">
<dt>For graph spaces, returns <code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GraphInstance</span></code> where:</dt><dd><ul>
<li><p><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GraphInstance.nodes</span></code> are n x k arrays</p></li>
<li><dl class="simple">
<dt><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GraphInstance.edges</span></code> are either:</dt><dd><ul>
<li><p>m x k arrays</p></li>
<li><p>None</p></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</li>
<li><dl class="simple">
<dt><code class="xref py py-attr docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">GraphInstance.edge_links</span></code> are either:</dt><dd><ul>
<li><p>m x 2 arrays</p></li>
<li><p>None</p></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
</li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">Raises<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>NotImplementedError</strong> If the space is not defined in <a class="reference internal" href="../#module-gymnasium.spaces" title="gymnasium.spaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<p class="rubric">Example</p>
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">gymnasium.spaces</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Box</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Tuple</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">space</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Box</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">space</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sample</span><span class="p">())</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span>
<span class="go">(15,)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">space</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">array([0, 0, 1, 0])</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">space</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Tuple</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">Box</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,)),</span> <span class="n">Box</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">shape</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">,)),</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)))</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">example</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">((</span><span class="mf">.5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">.25</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">1.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">.2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatten</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">example</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">array([0.5 , 0.25, 1. , 0. , 0.2 , 0. , 1. , 0. ])</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatdim">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../#gymnasium.spaces.Space" title="gymnasium.spaces.space.Space"><span class="pre">Space</span></a><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/gymnasium/spaces/utils/#flatdim"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatdim" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Discrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.discrete.Discrete"><span class="pre">Discrete</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_discrete.MultiDiscrete"><span class="pre">MultiDiscrete</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Tuple" title="gymnasium.spaces.tuple.Tuple"><span class="pre">Tuple</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Dict" title="gymnasium.spaces.dict.Dict"><span class="pre">Dict</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.graph.Graph"><span class="pre">Graph</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Text" title="gymnasium.spaces.text.Text"><span class="pre">Text</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">flatdim</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.OneOf" title="gymnasium.spaces.oneof.OneOf"><span class="pre">OneOf</span></a></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int</span></span></span></dt>
<dd><p>Return the number of dimensions a flattened equivalent of this space would have.</p>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>space</strong> The space to return the number of dimensions of the flattened spaces</p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Returns<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p><strong>The number of dimensions for the flattened spaces</strong></p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">Raises<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
<li><p><strong>NotImplementedError</strong> if the space is not defined in <code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gym.spaces</span></code>.</p></li>
<li><p><strong>ValueError</strong> if the space cannot be flattened into a <a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.Box"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.Box</span></code></a></p></li>
</ul>
</dd>
</dl>
<p class="rubric">Example</p>
<div class="doctest highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">gymnasium.spaces</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">Dict</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">space</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Dict</span><span class="p">({</span><span class="s2">&quot;position&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="s2">&quot;velocity&quot;</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">Discrete</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">)})</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">flatdim</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">space</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">5</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</dd></dl>
<dl class="py function">
<dt class="sig sig-object py" id="gymnasium.spaces.utils.unflatten">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../#gymnasium.spaces.Space" title="gymnasium.spaces.space.Space"><span class="pre">Space</span></a><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">T</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dict</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">str</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">GraphInstance</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">T</span></span></span><a class="reference internal" href="../../../_modules/gymnasium/spaces/utils/#unflatten"><span class="viewcode-link"><span class="pre">[source]</span></span></a><a class="headerlink" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.unflatten" title="Link to this definition"></a></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Box" title="gymnasium.spaces.box.Box"><span class="pre">Box</span></a><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiBinary" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_binary.MultiBinary"><span class="pre">MultiBinary</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Discrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.discrete.Discrete"><span class="pre">Discrete</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">int64</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">int64</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.MultiDiscrete" title="gymnasium.spaces.multi_discrete.MultiDiscrete"><span class="pre">MultiDiscrete</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">integer</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">integer</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Tuple" title="gymnasium.spaces.tuple.Tuple"><span class="pre">Tuple</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Dict" title="gymnasium.spaces.dict.Dict"><span class="pre">Dict</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dict</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">str</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">dict</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">str</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Graph" title="gymnasium.spaces.graph.Graph"><span class="pre">Graph</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">GraphInstance</span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">GraphInstance</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../fundamental/#gymnasium.spaces.Text" title="gymnasium.spaces.text.Text"><span class="pre">Text</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">int32</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">str</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.Sequence" title="gymnasium.spaces.sequence.Sequence"><span class="pre">Sequence</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">|</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span></span></span></dt>
<dt class="sig sig-object py">
<span class="sig-prename descclassname"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces.utils.</span></span><span class="sig-name descname"><span class="pre">unflatten</span></span><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">space</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><a class="reference internal" href="../composite/#gymnasium.spaces.OneOf" title="gymnasium.spaces.oneof.OneOf"><span class="pre">OneOf</span></a></span></em>, <em class="sig-param"><span class="n"><span class="pre">x</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">:</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="n"><span class="pre">ndarray</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p"><span class="pre">...</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">dtype</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></em><span class="sig-paren">)</span> <span class="sig-return"><span class="sig-return-icon">&#x2192;</span> <span class="sig-return-typehint"><span class="pre">tuple</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">[</span></span><span class="pre">int</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">,</span></span><span class="w"> </span><span class="pre">Any</span><span class="p"><span class="pre">]</span></span></span></span></dt>
<dd><p>Unflatten a data point from a space.</p>
<p>This reverses the transformation applied by <a class="reference internal" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten" title="gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flatten()</span></code></a>. You must ensure
that the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">space</span></code> argument is the same as for the <a class="reference internal" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten" title="gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flatten()</span></code></a> call.</p>
<dl class="field-list simple">
<dt class="field-odd">Parameters<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><ul class="simple">
<li><p><strong>space</strong> The space used to unflatten <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">x</span></code></p></li>
<li><p><strong>x</strong> The array to unflatten</p></li>
</ul>
</dd>
<dt class="field-even">Returns<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-even"><p><strong>A point with a structure that matches the space.</strong></p>
</dd>
<dt class="field-odd">Raises<span class="colon">:</span></dt>
<dd class="field-odd"><p><strong>NotImplementedError</strong> if the space is not defined in <a class="reference internal" href="../#module-gymnasium.spaces" title="gymnasium.spaces"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">gymnasium.spaces</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</dd></dl>
</section>
</article>
</div>
<footer>
<div class="related-pages">
<a class="next-page" href="../../wrappers/">
<div class="page-info">
<div class="context">
<span>Next</span>
</div>
<div class="title">Wrappers</div>
</div>
<svg class="furo-related-icon">
<use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use>
</svg>
</a>
<a class="prev-page" href="../composite/">
<svg class="furo-related-icon">
<use href="#svg-arrow-right"></use>
</svg>
<div class="page-info">
<div class="context">
<span>Previous</span>
</div>
<div class="title">Composite Spaces</div>
</div>
</a>
</div>
<div class="bottom-of-page">
<div class="left-details">
<div class="copyright">
Copyright &#169; 2025 Farama Foundation
</div>
<!--
Made with <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> and <a class="muted-link" href="https://pradyunsg.me">@pradyunsg</a>'s
<a href="https://github.com/pradyunsg/furo">Furo</a>
-->
</div>
<div class="right-details">
<div class="icons">
<a class="muted-link" href="https://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Gymnasium/"
aria-label="On GitHub">
<svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 16 16">
<path fill-rule="evenodd"
d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0 0 16 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z">
</path>
</svg>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
<aside class="toc-drawer">
<div class="toc-sticky toc-scroll">
<div class="toc-title-container">
<span class="toc-title">
On this page
</span>
</div>
<div class="toc-tree-container">
<div class="toc-tree">
<ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Spaces Utils</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten_space"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flatten_space()</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatten"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flatten()</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.flatdim"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">flatdim()</span></code></a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#gymnasium.spaces.utils.unflatten"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">unflatten()</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</aside>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script>
const toggleMenu = () => {
const menuBtn = document.querySelector(".farama-header-menu__btn");
const menuContainer = document.querySelector(".farama-header-menu-container");
if (document.querySelector(".farama-header-menu").classList.contains("active")) {
menuBtn.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "false");
menuContainer.setAttribute("aria-hidden", "true");
} else {
menuBtn.setAttribute("aria-expanded", "true");
menuContainer.setAttribute("aria-hidden", "false");
}
document.querySelector(".farama-header-menu").classList.toggle("active");
}
document.querySelector(".farama-header-menu__btn").addEventListener("click", toggleMenu);
document.getElementById("farama-close-menu").addEventListener("click", toggleMenu);
</script>
<script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-6H9C8TWXZ8"></script>
<script>
const enableGtag = () => {
window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];
function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
gtag('js', new Date());
gtag('config', 'G-6H9C8TWXZ8');
}
(() => {
if (!localStorage.getItem("acceptedCookieAlert")) {
const boxElem = document.createElement("div");
boxElem.classList.add("cookie-alert");
const containerElem = document.createElement("div");
containerElem.classList.add("cookie-alert__container");
const textElem = document.createElement("p");
textElem.innerHTML = `This page uses <a href="https://analytics.google.com/">
Google Analytics</a> to collect statistics.`;
containerElem.appendChild(textElem);
const declineBtn = Object.assign(document.createElement("button"),
{
innerText: "Deny",
className: "farama-btn cookie-alert__button",
id: "cookie-alert__decline",
}
);
declineBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
localStorage.setItem("acceptedCookieAlert", false);
boxElem.remove();
});
const acceptBtn = Object.assign(document.createElement("button"),
{
innerText: "Allow",
className: "farama-btn cookie-alert__button",
id: "cookie-alert__accept",
}
);
acceptBtn.addEventListener("click", () => {
localStorage.setItem("acceptedCookieAlert", true);
boxElem.remove();
enableGtag();
});
containerElem.appendChild(declineBtn);
containerElem.appendChild(acceptBtn);
boxElem.appendChild(containerElem);
document.body.appendChild(boxElem);
} else if (localStorage.getItem("acceptedCookieAlert") === "true") {
enableGtag();
}
})()
</script>
<script src="../../../_static/documentation_options.js?v=151cd43d"></script>
<script src="../../../_static/doctools.js?v=9a2dae69"></script>
<script src="../../../_static/sphinx_highlight.js?v=dc90522c"></script>
<script src="../../../_static/scripts/furo.js?v=7660844c"></script>
<script>
const createProjectsList = (projects, displayImages) => {
const ulElem = Object.assign(document.createElement('ul'),
{
className:'farama-header-menu-list',
}
)
for (let project of projects) {
const liElem = document.createElement("li");
const aElem = Object.assign(document.createElement("a"),
{
href: project.link
}
);
liElem.appendChild(aElem);
if (displayImages) {
const imgElem = Object.assign(document.createElement("img"),
{
src: project.image ? imagesBasepath + project.image : imagesBasepath + "/farama_black.svg",
alt: `${project.name} logo`,
className: "farama-black-logo-invert"
}
);
aElem.appendChild(imgElem);
}
aElem.appendChild(document.createTextNode(project.name));
ulElem.appendChild(liElem);
}
return ulElem;
}
// Create menu with Farama projects by using the API at farama.org/api/projects.json
const createCORSRequest = (method, url) => {
let xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.responseType = 'json';
if ("withCredentials" in xhr) {
xhr.open(method, url, true);
} else if (typeof XDomainRequest != "undefined") {
// IE8 & IE9
xhr = new XDomainRequest();
xhr.open(method, url);
} else {
// CORS not supported.
xhr = null;
}
return xhr;
};
const url = 'https://farama.org/api/projects.json';
const imagesBasepath = "https://farama.org/assets/images"
const method = 'GET';
let xhr = createCORSRequest(method, url);
xhr.onload = () => {
const jsonResponse = xhr.response;
const sections = {
"Core Projects": [],
"Mature Projects": {
"Documentation": [],
"Repositories": [],
},
"Incubating Projects": {
"Documentation": [],
"Repositories": [],
},
"Foundation": [
{
name: "About",
link: "https://farama.org/about"
},
{
name: "Standards",
link: "https://farama.org/project_standards",
},
{
name: "Donate",
link: "https://farama.org/donations"
}
]
}
// Categorize projects
Object.keys(jsonResponse).forEach(key => {
projectJson = jsonResponse[key];
if (projectJson.website !== null) {
projectJson.link = projectJson.website;
} else {
projectJson.link = projectJson.github;
}
if (projectJson.type === "core") {
sections["Core Projects"].push(projectJson)
} else if (projectJson.type == "mature") {
if (projectJson.website !== null) {
sections["Mature Projects"]["Documentation"].push(projectJson)
} else {
sections["Mature Projects"]["Repositories"].push(projectJson)
}
} else {
if (projectJson.website !== null) {
sections["Incubating Projects"]["Documentation"].push(projectJson)
} else {
sections["Incubating Projects"]["Repositories"].push(projectJson)
}
}
})
const menuContainer = document.querySelector(".farama-header-menu__body");
Object.keys(sections).forEach((key, i) => {
const sectionElem = Object.assign(
document.createElement('div'), {
className:'farama-header-menu__section',
}
)
sectionElem.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement('span'),
{
className:'farama-header-menu__section-title' ,
innerText: key
}
))
// is not a list
if (sections[key].constructor !== Array) {
const subSections = sections[key];
const subSectionContainerElem = Object.assign(
document.createElement('div'), {
className:'farama-header-menu__subsections-container',
style: 'display: flex'
}
)
Object.keys(subSections).forEach((subKey, i) => {
const subSectionElem = Object.assign(
document.createElement('div'), {
className:'farama-header-menu__subsection',
}
)
subSectionElem.appendChild(Object.assign(document.createElement('span'),
{
className:'farama-header-menu__subsection-title' ,
innerText: subKey
}
))
const ulElem = createProjectsList(subSections[subKey], key !== 'Foundation');
subSectionElem.appendChild(ulElem);
subSectionContainerElem.appendChild(subSectionElem);
})
sectionElem.appendChild(subSectionContainerElem);
} else {
const projects = sections[key];
const ulElem = createProjectsList(projects, true);
sectionElem.appendChild(ulElem);
}
menuContainer.appendChild(sectionElem)
});
}
xhr.onerror = function() {
console.error("Unable to load projects");
};
xhr.send();
</script>
<script>
const versioningConfig = {
githubUser: 'Farama-Foundation',
githubRepo: 'Gymnasium',
};
fetch('/main/_static/versioning/versioning_menu.html').then(response => {
if (response.status === 200) {
response.text().then(text => {
const container = document.createElement("div");
container.innerHTML = text;
document.querySelector("body").appendChild(container);
// innerHtml doenst evaluate scripts, we need to add them dynamically
Array.from(container.querySelectorAll("script")).forEach(oldScript => {
const newScript = document.createElement("script");
Array.from(oldScript.attributes).forEach(attr => newScript.setAttribute(attr.name, attr.value));
newScript.appendChild(document.createTextNode(oldScript.innerHTML));
oldScript.parentNode.replaceChild(newScript, oldScript);
});
});
} else {
console.warn("Unable to load versioning menu", response);
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>