freeCodeCamp/curriculum/challenges/chinese-traditional/03-front-end-development-libraries/react-and-redux/extract-local-state-into-redux.md

---
id: 5a24c314108439a4d4036149
title: 將局部狀態提取到 Redux 中
challengeType: 6
forumTopicId: 301428
dashedName: extract-local-state-into-redux
---

# --description--

馬上就完成了! 請回顧一下爲管理 React messages app 的狀態寫的 Redux 代碼。 現在有了連接好的 Redux，還要從`Presentational`組件中提取狀態管理到 Redux， 目前，已連接 Redux，但正在 `Presentational` 組件中本地處理狀態。

# --instructions--

在 `Presentational` 組件中，先刪除本地 `state` 中的 `messages` 屬性， 被刪的 messages 將由 Redux 管理。 接着，修改 `submitMessage()` 方法，使該方法從 `this.props` 那裏分發 `submitNewMessage()`；從本地 `state` 中傳入當前消息輸入作爲參數。 因本地狀態刪除了 `messages` 屬性，所以在調用 `this.setState()` 時也要刪除 `messages` 屬性。 最後，修改 `render()` 方法，使其所映射的消息是從 `props` 接收的，而不是 `state`

完成這些更改後，我們的應用會實現 Redux 管理應用的狀態，但它繼續運行着相同的功能。 此示例還闡明瞭組件獲得本地 `state` 的方式，即在自己的 `state` 中繼續跟蹤用戶本地輸入。 由此可見，Redux 爲 React 提供了很有用的狀態管理框架。 先前，僅使用 React 的本地狀態也實現了相同的結果，這在應付簡單的應用時通常是可行的。 但是，隨着應用變得越來越大，越來越複雜，應用的狀態管理也變得非常困難，Redux 就是爲解決這樣的問題而誕生的。

# --hints--

`AppWrapper` 應該渲染該到頁面上。

```js
assert(
  (function () {
    const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
    return mockedComponent.find('AppWrapper').length === 1;
  })()
);
```

`Presentational` 應該渲染到頁面上.

```js
assert(
  (function () {
    const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
    return mockedComponent.find('Presentational').length === 1;
  })()
);
```

`Presentational` 組件應渲染 `h2`、`input`、`button`、`ul` 四個元素。

```js
assert(
  (function () {
    const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
    const PresentationalComponent = mockedComponent.find('Presentational');
    return (
      PresentationalComponent.find('div').length === 1 &&
      PresentationalComponent.find('h2').length === 1 &&
      PresentationalComponent.find('button').length === 1 &&
      PresentationalComponent.find('ul').length === 1
    );
  })()
);
```

`Presentational` 組件應接收 Redux store 的 `messages` 屬性。

```js
assert(
  (function () {
    const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
    const PresentationalComponent = mockedComponent.find('Presentational');
    const props = PresentationalComponent.props();
    return Array.isArray(props.messages);
  })()
);
```

`Presentational` 組件應接收創建 action 的函數的 `submitMessage` 屬性。

```js
assert(
  (function () {
    const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
    const PresentationalComponent = mockedComponent.find('Presentational');
    const props = PresentationalComponent.props();
    return typeof props.submitNewMessage === 'function';
  })()
);
```

`Presentational` 組件的狀態應包含一個初始化爲空字符串的 `input` 屬性。

```js
assert(
  (function () {
    const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
    const PresentationalState = mockedComponent
      .find('Presentational')
      .instance().state;
    return (
      typeof PresentationalState.input === 'string' &&
      Object.keys(PresentationalState).length === 1
    );
  })()
);
```

鍵入 `input` 元素應更新 `Presentational` 組件的狀態。

```js
async () => {
  const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
  const testValue = '__MOCK__INPUT__';
  const waitForIt = (fn) =>
    new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 100));
  const causeChange = (c, v) =>
    c.find('input').simulate('change', { target: { value: v } });
  let initialInput = mockedComponent.find('Presentational').find('input');
  const changed = () => {
    causeChange(mockedComponent, testValue);
    return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent);
  };
  const updated = await changed();
  const updatedInput = updated.find('Presentational').find('input');
  assert(
    initialInput.props().value === '' &&
      updatedInput.props().value === '__MOCK__INPUT__'
  );
};
```

在 `Presentational` 組件上 dispatch `submitMessage` 應更新 Redux store 並清除本地狀態中的輸入。

```js
async () => {
  const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
  const waitForIt = (fn) =>
    new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 100));
  let beforeProps = mockedComponent.find('Presentational').props();
  const testValue = '__TEST__EVENT__INPUT__';
  const causeChange = (c, v) =>
    c.find('input').simulate('change', { target: { value: v } });
  const changed = () => {
    causeChange(mockedComponent, testValue);
    return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent);
  };
  const clickButton = () => {
    mockedComponent.find('button').simulate('click');
    return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent);
  };
  const afterChange = await changed();
  const afterChangeInput = afterChange.find('input').props().value;
  const afterClick = await clickButton();
  const afterProps = mockedComponent.find('Presentational').props();
  assert(
    beforeProps.messages.length === 0 &&
      afterChangeInput === testValue &&
      afterProps.messages.pop() === testValue &&
      afterClick.find('input').props().value === ''
  );
};
```

`Presentational` 組件應渲染 Redux store 中的 `messages`。

```js
async () => {
  const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(AppWrapper));
  const waitForIt = (fn) =>
    new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 100));
  let beforeProps = mockedComponent.find('Presentational').props();
  const testValue = '__TEST__EVENT__INPUT__';
  const causeChange = (c, v) =>
    c.find('input').simulate('change', { target: { value: v } });
  const changed = () => {
    causeChange(mockedComponent, testValue);
    return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent);
  };
  const clickButton = () => {
    mockedComponent.find('button').simulate('click');
    return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent);
  };
  const afterChange = await changed();
  const afterChangeInput = afterChange.find('input').props().value;
  const afterClick = await clickButton();
  const afterProps = mockedComponent.find('Presentational').props();
  assert(
    beforeProps.messages.length === 0 &&
      afterChangeInput === testValue &&
      afterProps.messages.pop() === testValue &&
      afterClick.find('input').props().value === '' &&
      afterClick.find('ul').childAt(0).text() === testValue
  );
};
```

# --seed--

## --after-user-code--

```jsx
ReactDOM.render(<AppWrapper />, document.getElementById('root'))
```

## --seed-contents--

```jsx
// Redux:
const ADD = 'ADD';

const addMessage = (message) => {
  return {
    type: ADD,
    message: message
  }
};

const messageReducer = (state = [], action) => {
  switch (action.type) {
    case ADD:
      return [
        ...state,
        action.message
      ];
    default:
      return state;
  }
};

const store = Redux.createStore(messageReducer);

// React:
const Provider = ReactRedux.Provider;
const connect = ReactRedux.connect;

// Change code below this line
class Presentational extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      input: '',
      messages: []
    }
    this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this);
    this.submitMessage = this.submitMessage.bind(this);
  }
  handleChange(event) {
    this.setState({
      input: event.target.value
    });
  }
  submitMessage() {
    this.setState((state) => ({
      input: '',
      messages: state.messages.concat(state.input)
    }));
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <h2>Type in a new Message:</h2>
        <input
          value={this.state.input}
          onChange={this.handleChange}/><br/>
        <button onClick={this.submitMessage}>Submit</button>
        <ul>
          {this.state.messages.map( (message, idx) => {
              return (
                 <li key={idx}>{message}</li>
              )
            })
          }
        </ul>
      </div>
    );
  }
};
// Change code above this line

const mapStateToProps = (state) => {
  return {messages: state}
};

const mapDispatchToProps = (dispatch) => {
  return {
    submitNewMessage: (message) => {
      dispatch(addMessage(message))
    }
  }
};

const Container = connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(Presentational);

class AppWrapper extends React.Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <Provider store={store}>
        <Container/>
      </Provider>
    );
  }
};
```

# --solutions--

```jsx
// Redux:
const ADD = 'ADD';

const addMessage = (message) => {
  return {
    type: ADD,
    message: message
  }
};

const messageReducer = (state = [], action) => {
  switch (action.type) {
    case ADD:
      return [
        ...state,
        action.message
      ];
    default:
      return state;
  }
};

const store = Redux.createStore(messageReducer);

// React:
const Provider = ReactRedux.Provider;
const connect = ReactRedux.connect;

// Change code below this line
class Presentational extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      input: ''
    }
 this.handleChange = this.handleChange.bind(this);
 this.submitMessage = this.submitMessage.bind(this);
  }
  handleChange(event) {
    this.setState({
      input: event.target.value
    });
  }
  submitMessage() {
    this.props.submitNewMessage(this.state.input);
    this.setState({
      input: ''
    });
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <h2>Type in a new Message:</h2>
        <input
          value={this.state.input}
          onChange={this.handleChange}/><br/>
        <button onClick={this.submitMessage}>Submit</button>
        <ul>
          {this.props.messages.map( (message, idx) => {
              return (
                 <li key={idx}>{message}</li>
              )
            })
          }
        </ul>
      </div>
    );
  }
};
// Change code above this line

const mapStateToProps = (state) => {
  return {messages: state}
};

const mapDispatchToProps = (dispatch) => {
  return {
    submitNewMessage: (message) => {
      dispatch(addMessage(message))
    }
  }
};

const Container = connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(Presentational);

class AppWrapper extends React.Component {
  render() {
    return (
      <Provider store={store}>
        <Container/>
      </Provider>
    );
  }
};
```