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---
id: 599d15309e88c813a40baf58
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title: Entropia
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challengeType: 5
forumTopicId: 302254
dashedName: entropy
---
# --description--
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Calcule a entropia H de de uma string de entrada fornecida.
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Dada a variável aleatória discreta $X$, que é uma string de "símbolos" $N$ (total de caracteres) que consiste em $n$ caracteres diferentes (n=2 para binário), a entropia de Shannon de X em bits/símbolo é:
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$H_2(X) = -\\sum\_{i=1}^n \\frac{count_i}{N} \\log_2 \\left(\\frac{count_i}{N}\\right)$
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onde $count_i$ é a contagem de caracteres $n_i$.
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# --hints--
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`entropy` deve ser uma função.
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```js
assert(typeof entropy === 'function');
```
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`entropy("0")` deve retornar `0`
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```js
assert.equal(entropy('0'), 0);
```
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`entropy("01")` deve retornar `1`
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```js
assert.equal(entropy('01'), 1);
```
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`entropy("0123")` deve retornar `2`
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```js
assert.equal(entropy('0123'), 2);
```
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`entropy("01234567")` deve retornar `3`
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```js
assert.equal(entropy('01234567'), 3);
```
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`entropy("0123456789abcdef")` deve retornar `4`
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```js
assert.equal(entropy('0123456789abcdef'), 4);
```
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`entropy("1223334444")` deve retornar `1.8464393446710154`
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```js
assert.equal(entropy('1223334444'), 1.8464393446710154);
```
# --seed--
## --seed-contents--
```js
function entropy(s) {
}
```
# --solutions--
```js
function entropy(s) {
// Create a dictionary of character frequencies and iterate over it.
function process(s, evaluator) {
let h = Object.create(null),
k;
s.split('').forEach(c => {
h[c] & & h[c]++ || (h[c] = 1); });
if (evaluator) for (k in h) evaluator(k, h[k]);
return h;
}
// Measure the entropy of a string in bits per symbol.
let sum = 0,
len = s.length;
process(s, (k, f) => {
const p = f / len;
sum -= p * Math.log(p) / Math.log(2);
});
return sum;
}
```