118 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.1 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
		
		
			
		
	
	
			118 lines
		
	
	
		
			4.1 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
|   | --- | |||
|  | title: Styling | |||
|  | localeTitle: 造型 | |||
|  | --- | |||
|  | ## React Native - 造型
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | React Native提供了一个用于创建样式表和样式化组件的API: [StyleSheet](https://facebook.github.io/react-native/docs/stylesheet) 。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ```jsx | |||
|  | import React, { Component } from 'react';  | |||
|  |  import { StyleSheet, View, Text } from 'react-native';  | |||
|  |   | |||
|  |  export default class App extends Component {  | |||
|  |   render () {  | |||
|  |     return (  | |||
|  |       <View>  | |||
|  |         <Text style={styles.header}>I am a header!</Text>  | |||
|  |         <Text style={styles.text}>I am some blue text.</Text>  | |||
|  |       </View>  | |||
|  |     );  | |||
|  |   }  | |||
|  |  }  | |||
|  |   | |||
|  |  const styles = StyleSheet.create({  | |||
|  |   header: {  | |||
|  |     fontSize: 20  | |||
|  |   },  | |||
|  |   text: {  | |||
|  |     color: 'blue'  | |||
|  |   }  | |||
|  |  });  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 虽然常规CSS样式表无效,但React Native的CSS超集与传统CSS非常相似。 StyleSheet中的许多CSS属性(例如`color` , `height` , `top` , `right` , `bottom` , `left` )都相同。任何具有连字符(例如`font-size` , `background-color` )的CSS属性都必须更改为camelCase(例如`fontSize` , `backgroundColor` )。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | StyleSheet中并不存在所有CSS属性。由于在移动设备上没有真正的悬停概念,因此React Native中不存在CSS悬停属性。相反,React Native提供了响应触摸事件的[Touchable组件](https://facebook.github.io/react-native/docs/handling-touches#touchables) 。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 样式也不像传统CSS那样继承。在大多数情况下,您必须声明每个组件的样式。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ### Flexbox布局
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | React Native使用类似于web标准的[flexbox](https://facebook.github.io/react-native/docs/flexbox)实现。默认情况下,视图中的项目将设置为`display: flex` 。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | > 如果您不想使用flexbox,还可以通过`relative`或`absolute`定位来安排React Native组件。
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | React Native中的`flexDirection: column`默认为`flexDirection: column` ,而不是`flex-direction: row` (web标准)。 `column`值垂直显示灵活项目,可以纵向移动设备。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 要了解有关flexbox的更多信息,请访问[此CSS-Tricks详细指南](https://css-tricks.com/snippets/css/a-guide-to-flexbox/)以及[Flexbox Froggy](http://flexboxfroggy.com/)的游戏化学习方法。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ### 样式组件
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 在包含组件的文件中包含大量样式并不总是易于维护。样式组件可以解决此问题。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 例如,Button组件可以在应用程序的多个位置使用。使用每个Button实例复制和粘贴样式对象效率很低。相反,创建一个可重用的样式Button组件: | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ```jsx | |||
|  | import React from 'react';  | |||
|  |  import { Text, TouchableOpacity } from 'react-native';  | |||
|  |   | |||
|  |  const Button = ({ onPress, children }) => {  | |||
|  |   const { buttonStyle, textStyle } = styles;  | |||
|  |   return (  | |||
|  |     <TouchableOpacity onPress={onPress} style={buttonStyle}>  | |||
|  |       <Text style={textStyle}>  | |||
|  |         {children}  | |||
|  |       </Text>  | |||
|  |     </TouchableOpacity>  | |||
|  |   );  | |||
|  |  };  | |||
|  |   | |||
|  |  export default Button;  | |||
|  |   | |||
|  |  const styles = {  | |||
|  |   textStyle: {  | |||
|  |     alignSelf: 'center',  | |||
|  |     color: '#336633',  | |||
|  |     fontSize: 16,  | |||
|  |     fontWeight: '600',  | |||
|  |     paddingTop: 10,  | |||
|  |     paddingBottom: 10  | |||
|  |   },  | |||
|  |   buttonStyle: {  | |||
|  |     backgroundColor: '#fff',  | |||
|  |     borderWidth: 1,  | |||
|  |     borderColor: '#336633',  | |||
|  |     paddingTop: 4,  | |||
|  |     paddingBottom: 4,  | |||
|  |     paddingRight: 25,  | |||
|  |     paddingLeft: 25,  | |||
|  |     marginTop: 10,  | |||
|  |     width: 300  | |||
|  |   }  | |||
|  |  };  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 可以在应用程序中轻松导入和使用样式化Button组件,而无需重复声明样式对象: | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ```jsx | |||
|  | import React, { Component } from 'react';  | |||
|  |  import { TextInput, View } from 'react-native';  | |||
|  |  import Button from './styling/Button';  | |||
|  |   | |||
|  |  export default class Login extends Component {  | |||
|  |   render() {  | |||
|  |     return (  | |||
|  |         <View>  | |||
|  |           <TextInput placeholder='Username or Email' />  | |||
|  |           <TextInput placeholder='Password' />  | |||
|  |           <Button>Log In</Button>  | |||
|  |         </View>  | |||
|  |     );  | |||
|  |   }  | |||
|  |  }  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ### 造型图书馆
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 有一些流行的React Native样式库。其中一些提供类似于[Bootstrap的](../../bootstrap/index.md)功能,包括默认表单,按钮样式和页面布局选项。最受欢迎的库之一是[样式组件](https://github.com/styled-components/styled-components) 。您可以在npm和GitHub上找到许多其他人来自己尝试。 |