2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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---
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id: 5a24c314108439a4d4036185
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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title: 使用 && 获得更简洁的条件
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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challengeType: 6
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2020-09-18 00:13:42 +08:00
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forumTopicId: 301413
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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dashedName: use--for-a-more-concise-conditional
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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---
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --description--
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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if/else 语句在上一次挑战中是有效的,但是有一种更简洁的方法可以达到同样的结果。假设你正在跟踪组件中的几个条件,并且希望根据这些条件中的每一个来渲染不同的元素。如果你写了很多`else if`语句来返回稍微不同的 UI,你可能会写很多重复代码,这就留下了出错的空间。相反,你可以使用`&&`逻辑运算符以更简洁的方式执行条件逻辑。这是完全可行的,因为你希望检查条件是否为真,如果为真,则返回一些标记。这里有一个例子:
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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`{condition && <p>markup</p>}`
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如果`condition`为 true,则返回标记。如果 condition 为 false,操作将在判断`condition`后立即返回`false`,并且不返回任何内容。你可以将这些语句直接包含在 JSX 中,并通过在每个条件后面写`&&`来将多个条件串在一起。这允许你在`render()`方法中处理更复杂的条件逻辑,而无需重复大量代码。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --instructions--
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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再来看看前面的示例,`h1`还是在`display`为`true`时被渲染,但使用`&&`逻辑运算符代替`if/else`语句。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --hints--
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`MyComponent`应该存在并被渲染。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```js
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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assert(
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(function () {
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const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent));
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return mockedComponent.find('MyComponent').length;
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})()
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);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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当`display`被设置为`true`时,`div`、`button`和`h1`标签应该被渲染。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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async () => {
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const waitForIt = (fn) =>
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new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250));
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const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent));
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const state_1 = () => {
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mockedComponent.setState({ display: true });
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return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent);
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};
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const updated = await state_1();
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assert(
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updated.find('div').length === 1 &&
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updated.find('div').children().length === 2 &&
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updated.find('button').length === 1 &&
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updated.find('h1').length === 1
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);
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};
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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当`display`被设置为`false`时,只有`div`和`button`应该被渲染。
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2020-09-18 00:13:42 +08:00
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```js
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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async () => {
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const waitForIt = (fn) =>
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new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250));
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const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent));
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const state_1 = () => {
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mockedComponent.setState({ display: false });
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return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent);
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};
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const updated = await state_1();
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assert(
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updated.find('div').length === 1 &&
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updated.find('div').children().length === 1 &&
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updated.find('button').length === 1 &&
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updated.find('h1').length === 0
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);
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2020-09-18 00:13:42 +08:00
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};
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2020-08-13 17:24:35 +02:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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render 方法应该使用`&&`逻辑运算符来检查`this.state.display`的条件。
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```js
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(getUserInput) => assert(getUserInput('index').includes('&&'));
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```
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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# --seed--
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## --after-user-code--
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```jsx
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ReactDOM.render(<MyComponent />, document.getElementById('root'))
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```
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## --seed-contents--
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```jsx
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class MyComponent extends React.Component {
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constructor(props) {
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super(props);
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this.state = {
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display: true
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}
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this.toggleDisplay = this.toggleDisplay.bind(this);
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}
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toggleDisplay() {
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this.setState(state => ({
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display: !state.display
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}));
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}
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render() {
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// Change code below this line
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return (
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<div>
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<button onClick={this.toggleDisplay}>Toggle Display</button>
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<h1>Displayed!</h1>
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</div>
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);
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}
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};
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```
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --solutions--
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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```jsx
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class MyComponent extends React.Component {
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constructor(props) {
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super(props);
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this.state = {
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display: true
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}
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this.toggleDisplay = this.toggleDisplay.bind(this);
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}
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toggleDisplay() {
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this.setState(state => ({
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display: !state.display
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}));
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}
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render() {
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// Change code below this line
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return (
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<div>
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<button onClick={this.toggleDisplay}>Toggle Display</button>
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{this.state.display && <h1>Displayed!</h1>}
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</div>
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);
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}
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};
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```
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