2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
id: 56533eb9ac21ba0edf2244c9
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
title: 通过变量访问对象属性
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
challengeType: 1
|
2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
|
|
|
|
videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/c/cnQyKur'
|
|
|
|
|
forumTopicId: 16165
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
# --description--
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
|
|
|
|
中括号操作符的另一个使用方式是访问赋值给变量的属性。当你需要遍历对象的属性列表或访问查找表(lookup tables)时,这种方式极为有用。
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
|
|
|
|
这有一个使用变量来访问属性的例子:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
|
|
|
var dogs = {
|
|
|
|
|
Fido: "Mutt", Hunter: "Doberman", Snoopie: "Beagle"
|
|
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
var myDog = "Hunter";
|
|
|
|
|
var myBreed = dogs[myDog];
|
|
|
|
|
console.log(myBreed); // "Doberman"
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
使用此概念的另一种方法是在程序执行期间动态收集属性名称,如下所示:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
|
|
|
var someObj = {
|
|
|
|
|
propName: "John"
|
|
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
function propPrefix(str) {
|
|
|
|
|
var s = "prop";
|
|
|
|
|
return s + str;
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
var someProp = propPrefix("Name"); // someProp now holds the value 'propName'
|
|
|
|
|
console.log(someObj[someProp]); // "John"
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
提示:当我们通过变量名访问属性的时候,不需要给变量名包裹引号。因为实际上我们使用的是变量的值,而不是变量的名称。
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
# --instructions--
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
使用变量`playerNumber`,通过中括号操作符找到`testObj`中`playerNumber`为`16`的值。然后把名字赋给变量`player`。
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
# --hints--
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
`playerNumber`应该是一个数字。
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```js
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
assert(typeof playerNumber === 'number');
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
变量`player`应该是一个字符串。
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
|
|
|
assert(typeof player === 'string');
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
`player`点值应该是 "Montana"。
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
|
|
|
assert(player === 'Montana');
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
你应该使用中括号访问`testObj`。
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```js
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
assert(/testObj\s*?\[.*?\]/.test(code));
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
你不应该直接将`Montana`赋给`player`。
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
|
|
|
assert(!code.match(/player\s*=\s*"|\'\s*Montana\s*"|\'\s*;/gi));
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
你应该在中括号中使用`playerNumber`变量。
|
2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
```js
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
assert(/testObj\s*?\[\s*playerNumber\s*\]/.test(code));
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
|
|
|
|
# --solutions--
|
|
|
|
|
|