78 lines
		
	
	
		
			1.9 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
		
		
			
		
	
	
			78 lines
		
	
	
		
			1.9 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
|   | --- | |||
|  | title: Structures | |||
|  | localeTitle: 结构 | |||
|  | --- | |||
|  | ## C中的结构
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ### 什么是结构?
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | *   **结构**是C中的用户定义类型。它基于这样的想法,即程序员不仅要管理原始数据类型,还需要管理程序员定义的数据类型。 | |||
|  | *   **结构** ,顾名思义,是由各种原语数据类型,如字符,整数,浮点变量,数组等等 | |||
|  | *   **结构**还可以包含各种其他用户定义的数据类型。接下来你将学习嵌套结构。 | |||
|  | *   **结构**构成了**_面向对象编程_**的基础,因为_类_的概念源于结构。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ### struct关键字
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | *   `struct`关键字可以帮助我们定义用户定义的数据类型。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ```C | |||
|  | struct StudentRecord  | |||
|  |  {  | |||
|  |   char Name[20];  | |||
|  |   int Class;  | |||
|  |   char Address[30];  | |||
|  |   char Phone[10];  | |||
|  |  };  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | *   我们还可以使用**typedef**定义一个**结构** ,这样可以更轻松地在程序中稍后初始化一个结构。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ```C | |||
|  | typedef struct StudentRecord  | |||
|  |  {  | |||
|  |   char Name[20];  | |||
|  |   int Class;  | |||
|  |   char Address[30];  | |||
|  |   char Phone[10];  | |||
|  |  }Record;  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 在`main()` ,用户定义的数据类型**StudentRecord**定义为: | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ```C | |||
|  | int main(void)  | |||
|  |  {  | |||
|  |   struct StudentRecord student1;  | |||
|  |  }  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 使用**typedef** ,用户定义的数据类型如下所示: | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ```C | |||
|  | int main(void)  | |||
|  |  {  | |||
|  |   Record student1;  | |||
|  |  }  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 要访问存储在**student1中**的数据,我们使用点( **。** )运算符来访问结构类型变量的内容。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ```C | |||
|  | int main(void)  | |||
|  |  {  | |||
|  |   struct StudentRecord student1;  | |||
|  |   student1.Class = 10;  | |||
|  |   printf("Enter Name of Student\n");  | |||
|  |   scanf("%s",&student1.Name);  | |||
|  |   printf("Enter Address of Student\n");  | |||
|  |   scanf("%s",&student1.Address);  | |||
|  |   printf("Enter Phone Number of Student\n");  | |||
|  |   scanf("%s",&student1.Phone);  | |||
|  |   // Printing the Data  | |||
|  |   printf("Name: %s \n, Class: %d \n, Address: %s \n, Phone: %s \n",student1.Name, student1.Class, student1.Address, student1.Phone);  | |||
|  |  }  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | ### 更多信息
 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cprogramming/c\_structures.htm |