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								---
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								id: 5900f4eb1000cf542c50fffd
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								title: 'Problem 382: Generating polygons'
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								challengeType: 5
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-08-05 09:17:33 -07:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								forumTopicId: 302046
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								dashedName: problem-382-generating-polygons
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								---
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								# --description--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								A polygon is a flat shape consisting of straight line segments that are joined to form a closed chain or circuit. A polygon consists of at least three sides and does not self-intersect.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								A set $S$ of positive numbers is said to generate a polygon $P$ if:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								-  no two sides of $P$ are the same length, 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								-  the length of every side of $P$ is in $S$, and 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								-  $S$ contains no other value. 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								For example:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								The set {3, 4, 5} generates a polygon with sides 3, 4, and 5 (a triangle).
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								The set {6, 9, 11, 24} generates a polygon with sides 6, 9, 11, and 24 (a quadrilateral).
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								The sets {1, 2, 3} and {2, 3, 4, 9} do not generate any polygon at all.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Consider the sequence $s$, defined as follows:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								-  $s_1 = 1$, $s_2 = 2$, $s_3 = 3$ 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								-  $s_n = s_{n - 1} + s_{n - 3}$ for $n > 3$. 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Let $U_n$ be the set $\\{s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_n\\}$. For example, $U_{10} = \\{1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 13, 19, 28, 41\\}$.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Let $f(n)$ be the number of subsets of $U_n$ which generate at least one polygon.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								For example, $f(5) = 7$, $f(10) = 501$ and $f(25) = 18\\,635\\,853$.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Find the last 9 digits of $f({10}^{18})$.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								# --hints--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								`generatingPolygons()`  should return `697003956` . 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								assert.strictEqual(generatingPolygons(), 697003956);
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								```
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								# --seed--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								## --seed-contents--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								function generatingPolygons() {
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								  return true;
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								}
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								generatingPolygons();
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								```
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								# --solutions--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
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								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								// solution required
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```