2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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---
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id: 56bbb991ad1ed5201cd392d0
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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title: 创建 JavaScript 对象
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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challengeType: 1
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2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
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videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/c/cWGkbtd'
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forumTopicId: 16769
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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dashedName: build-javascript-objects
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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---
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --description--
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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你可能听说过对象(`object`)这个概念。
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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对象和数组很相似。区别在于,数组是通过索引来访问和修改数据,而对象是通过`属性`来访问和修改数据。
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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对象可以让存储的数据结构化,它可以让我们更好地描述真实世界的物体,比如一只猫。
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
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这是一个对象的示例:
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```js
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var cat = {
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"name": "Whiskers",
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"legs": 4,
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"tails": 1,
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"enemies": ["Water", "Dogs"]
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};
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```
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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在这个示例中,属性都是以字符串的形式储存,例如 `"name"`、`"legs"`、`"tails"`。然而,我们也可以使用数字作为属性,甚至可以省略字符串属性的引号,如下所示:
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2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
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```js
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var anotherObject = {
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make: "Ford",
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5: "five",
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"model": "focus"
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};
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```
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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但是,如果你的对象包含任何非字符串属性,JavaScript 也会将它们自动转换为字符串。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --instructions--
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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请创建一个名为 `myDog` 的对象,它应包含这些属性:`"name"`、`"legs"`、`"tails"`、`"friends"`。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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请确保 `"name"` 属性值是字符串、`"legs"` 和 `"tails"` 属性值是数字、`"friends"` 属性值是数组。只要满足这些条件,你可以随意设定这些属性值。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --hints--
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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`myDog` 应包含 `name` 属性,且属性值是一个字符串。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert(
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(function (z) {
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if (
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z.hasOwnProperty('name') &&
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z.name !== undefined &&
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typeof z.name === 'string'
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) {
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return true;
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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})(myDog)
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);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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`myDog` 应包含 `legs` 属性,且属性值是一个数字。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert(
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(function (z) {
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if (
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z.hasOwnProperty('legs') &&
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z.legs !== undefined &&
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typeof z.legs === 'number'
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) {
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return true;
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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})(myDog)
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);
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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`myDog` 应包含 `tails` 属性,且属性值是一个数字。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```js
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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assert(
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(function (z) {
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if (
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z.hasOwnProperty('tails') &&
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z.tails !== undefined &&
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typeof z.tails === 'number'
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) {
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return true;
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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})(myDog)
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);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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`myDog` 应包含 `friends` 属性,且属性值是一个数组。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert(
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(function (z) {
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if (
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z.hasOwnProperty('friends') &&
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z.friends !== undefined &&
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Array.isArray(z.friends)
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) {
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return true;
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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})(myDog)
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);
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-01-13 09:11:33 -08:00
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`myDog` 应只包含给定的属性。
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2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```js
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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assert(
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(function (z) {
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return Object.keys(z).length === 4;
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})(myDog)
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);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2020-04-29 18:29:13 +08:00
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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# --seed--
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## --after-user-code--
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```js
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(function(z){return z;})(myDog);
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```
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## --seed-contents--
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```js
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var myDog = {
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// Only change code below this line
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// Only change code above this line
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};
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```
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --solutions--
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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```js
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var myDog = {
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"name": "Camper",
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"legs": 4,
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"tails": 1,
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"friends": ["everything!"]
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};
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```
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