2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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---
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id: 587d7fb2367417b2b2512bf6
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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title: 从客户端获取查询参数输入
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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challengeType: 2
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2020-09-07 13:40:31 +08:00
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forumTopicId: 301512
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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dashedName: get-query-parameter-input-from-the-client
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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---
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --description--
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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从客户端获取输入的另一种常见方式是使用查询字符串对路由路径中的数据进行编码。查询字符串使用标记 (?) 分隔,并且包含一对`field=value`。每一对键值使用符号 (&) 分隔。Express 能够从查询字符串中分析这些数据,并且把它放到`req.query`对象中。有些字符不能在出现在 URL 中,它们在发送前必须以[不同的格式](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding)进行编码。如果你使用来自 JavaScript 的 API,你可以使用特定的方法来编码/解码这些字符。
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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<blockquote>route_path: '/library'<br>actual_request_URL: '/library?userId=546&bookId=6754' <br>req.query: {userId: '546', bookId: '6754'}</blockquote>
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --instructions--
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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构建一个 API ,使用路由挂载`GET /name`。使用一个 JSON 文件来响应,它的结构是这样的:`{ name: 'firstname lastname'}`。名字和姓氏参数应该编码在查询参数中,举个例子:`?first=firstname&last=lastname`.
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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提示: 在下面的练习中,我们将从相同的`/name`路由路径中 POST 请求接收数据。如果你愿意,你可以使用`app.route(path).get(handler).post(handler)`这中写法,此语法允许你在同一路径路由上链接不同的 HTTP 动词处理函数。可以节省一点打字时间,并且可以让代码看起来更清晰。
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --hints--
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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测试 1:你的 API 应该使用正确的名称来响应
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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(getUserInput) =>
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$.get(getUserInput('url') + '/name?first=Mick&last=Jagger').then(
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(data) => {
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assert.equal(
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data.name,
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'Mick Jagger',
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'Test 1: "GET /name" route does not behave as expected'
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);
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},
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(xhr) => {
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throw new Error(xhr.responseText);
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}
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);
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```
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测试 2:你的 API 应该使用正确的名称来响应
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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```js
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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(getUserInput) =>
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$.get(getUserInput('url') + '/name?last=Richards&first=Keith').then(
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(data) => {
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assert.equal(
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data.name,
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'Keith Richards',
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'Test 2: "GET /name" route does not behave as expected'
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);
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},
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(xhr) => {
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throw new Error(xhr.responseText);
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}
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);
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2019-05-06 07:31:26 -04:00
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```
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2020-08-13 17:24:35 +02:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --solutions--
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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```js
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/**
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Backend challenges don't need solutions,
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because they would need to be tested against a full working project.
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Please check our contributing guidelines to learn more.
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*/
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```
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