2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
id: 587d7b8e367417b2b2512b5c
|
|
|
|
|
challengeType: 1
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
forumTopicId: 301240
|
2020-10-01 17:54:21 +02:00
|
|
|
|
title: 了解函数式编程术语
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Description
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<section id='description'>
|
|
|
|
|
FCC 团队需求有变更,现在想要两种茶:绿茶(green tea)和红茶(black tea)。事实证明,用户需求变更是很常见的。
|
|
|
|
|
基于以上信息,我们需要重构上一节挑战中的<code>getTea</code>函数来处理多种茶的请求。我们可以修改<code>getTea</code>接受一个函数作为参数,使它能够修改茶的类型。这让<code>getTea</code>更灵活,也使需求变更时为程序员提供更多控制权。
|
|
|
|
|
首先,我们将介绍一些术语:
|
|
|
|
|
<code>Callbacks</code>是被传递到另一个函数中调用的函数。你应该已经在其他函数中看过这个写法,例如在<code>filter</code>中,回调函数告诉 JavaScript 以什么规则过滤数组。
|
|
|
|
|
函数就像其他正常值一样,可以赋值给变量、传递给另一个函数,或从其它函数返回,这种函数叫做<code>头等</code>函数。在 JavaScript 中,所有函数都是<code>头等</code>函数。
|
|
|
|
|
将函数为参数或返回值的函数叫做<code>高阶</code>函数。
|
|
|
|
|
当函数传递给另一个函数或从另一个函数返回时,那些传入或返回的函数可以叫做<code>lambda</code>。
|
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Instructions
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
<section id='instructions'>
|
|
|
|
|
准备 27 杯绿茶和 13 杯红茶,分别存入<code>tea4GreenTeamFCC</code>和<code>tea4BlackTeamFCC</code>变量。请注意,<code>getTea</code>函数已经变了,现在它接收一个函数作为第一个参数。
|
|
|
|
|
注意:数据(茶的数量)作为最后一个参数。我们将在后面的课程中对此进行更多讨论。
|
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Tests
|
|
|
|
|
<section id='tests'>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```yml
|
|
|
|
|
tests:
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- text: <code>tea4GreenTeamFCC</code>变量应存有为团队准备的 27 杯茶。
|
2020-02-18 01:40:55 +09:00
|
|
|
|
testString: assert(tea4GreenTeamFCC.length === 27);
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- text: <code>tea4GreenTeamFCC</code>变量应存有绿茶。
|
2020-02-18 01:40:55 +09:00
|
|
|
|
testString: assert(tea4GreenTeamFCC[0] === 'greenTea');
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- text: <code>tea4BlackTeamFCC</code>变量应存有 13 杯红茶。
|
2020-02-18 01:40:55 +09:00
|
|
|
|
testString: assert(tea4BlackTeamFCC.length === 13);
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
- text: <code>tea4BlackTeamFCC</code>变量应存有红茶。
|
2020-02-18 01:40:55 +09:00
|
|
|
|
testString: assert(tea4BlackTeamFCC[0] === 'blackTea');
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Challenge Seed
|
|
|
|
|
<section id='challengeSeed'>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id='js-seed'>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
* A long process to prepare green tea.
|
|
|
|
|
* @return {string} A cup of green tea.
|
|
|
|
|
**/
|
|
|
|
|
const prepareGreenTea = () => 'greenTea';
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
* A long process to prepare black tea.
|
|
|
|
|
* @return {string} A cup of black tea.
|
|
|
|
|
**/
|
|
|
|
|
const prepareBlackTea = () => 'blackTea';
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
|
|
|
* Get given number of cups of tea.
|
|
|
|
|
* @param {function():string} prepareTea The type of tea preparing function.
|
|
|
|
|
* @param {number} numOfCups Number of required cups of tea.
|
|
|
|
|
* @return {Array<string>} Given amount of tea cups.
|
|
|
|
|
**/
|
|
|
|
|
const getTea = (prepareTea, numOfCups) => {
|
|
|
|
|
const teaCups = [];
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for(let cups = 1; cups <= numOfCups; cups += 1) {
|
|
|
|
|
const teaCup = prepareTea();
|
|
|
|
|
teaCups.push(teaCup);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
return teaCups;
|
|
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Add your code below this line
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
const tea4GreenTeamFCC = null; // :(
|
|
|
|
|
const tea4BlackTeamFCC = null; // :(
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
// Add your code above this line
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
console.log(
|
|
|
|
|
tea4GreenTeamFCC,
|
|
|
|
|
tea4BlackTeamFCC
|
|
|
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Solution
|
|
|
|
|
<section id='solution'>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
```js
|
|
|
|
|
// solution required
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
const prepareGreenTea = () => 'greenTea';
|
|
|
|
|
const prepareBlackTea = () => 'blackTea';
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
const getTea = (prepareTea, numOfCups) => {
|
|
|
|
|
const teaCups = [];
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
for(let cups = 1; cups <= numOfCups; cups += 1) {
|
|
|
|
|
const teaCup = prepareTea();
|
|
|
|
|
teaCups.push(teaCup);
|
|
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
return teaCups;
|
|
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
const tea4BlackTeamFCC = getTea(prepareBlackTea, 13);
|
|
|
|
|
const tea4GreenTeamFCC = getTea(prepareGreenTea, 27);
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
```
|
2020-08-05 16:38:04 +08:00
|
|
|
|
|
2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
|
|
|
|
</section>
|