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freeCodeCamp/curriculum/challenges/chinese/03-front-end-libraries/react/render-with-an-if-else-condition.md

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---
id: 5a24c314108439a4d4036184
challengeType: 6
forumTopicId: 301410
2020-10-01 17:54:21 +02:00
title: 使用 If-Else 条件进行渲染
---
## Description
<section id='description'>
使用 JavaScript 控制渲染视图的另一个应用是将渲染的元素绑定到一个条件。当条件为真时,将呈现一个视图,反之,则呈现另一种视图。你可以在 React 组件的<code>render()</code>方法中使用的标准<code>if/else</code>语句来实现这一点。
</section>
## Instructions
<section id='instructions'>
MyComponent 的 state 中包含一个<code>布尔值</code>,用于跟踪是否要在 UI 中显示某个元素。<code>按钮</code>切换此值的状态。目前,它每次都呈现相同的 UI。用<code>if/else</code>语句重写<code>render()</code>方法,如果<code>display</code><code>true</code>则返回当前标记。否则,返回不带<code>h1</code>元素的标记。
<strong>注意:</strong>&nbsp;<code>if/else</code>语句才能通过测试,使用三元运算符是不会通过的。
</section>
## Tests
<section id='tests'>
```yml
tests:
- text: <code>MyComponent</code>应该存在并被渲染。
testString: assert((function() { const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent)); return mockedComponent.find('MyComponent').length === 1; })());
- text: 当<code>display</code>被设置为<code>true</code>时,<code>div</code><code>button</code><code>h1</code>标签应该被渲染。
testString: 'async () => { const waitForIt = (fn) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250)); const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent)); const state_1 = () => { mockedComponent.setState({display: true}); return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent )}; const updated = await state_1(); assert(mockedComponent.find(''div'').length === 1 && mockedComponent.find(''div'').children().length === 2 && mockedComponent.find(''button'').length === 1 && mockedComponent.find(''h1'').length === 1); }; '
- text: 当<code>display</code>被设置为<code>false</code>时,只有<code>div</code><code>button</code>应该被渲染。
testString: 'async () => { const waitForIt = (fn) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250)); const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent)); const state_1 = () => { mockedComponent.setState({display: false}); return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent )}; const updated = await state_1(); assert(mockedComponent.find(''div'').length === 1 && mockedComponent.find(''div'').children().length === 1 && mockedComponent.find(''button'').length === 1 && mockedComponent.find(''h1'').length === 0); }; '
- text: render 方法中应该使用<code>if/else</code>语句来检查<code>this.state.display</code>的条件。
testString: getUserInput => assert(getUserInput('index').includes('if') && getUserInput('index').includes('else'));
```
</section>
## Challenge Seed
<section id='challengeSeed'>
<div id='jsx-seed'>
```jsx
class MyComponent extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
display: true
}
this.toggleDisplay = this.toggleDisplay.bind(this);
}
toggleDisplay() {
this.setState({
display: !this.state.display
});
}
render() {
// change code below this line
return (
<div>
<button onClick={this.toggleDisplay}>Toggle Display</button>
<h1>Displayed!</h1>
</div>
);
}
};
```
</div>
### After Test
<div id='jsx-teardown'>
```js
ReactDOM.render(<MyComponent />, document.getElementById('root'))
```
</div>
</section>
## Solution
<section id='solution'>
```js
class MyComponent extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
display: true
}
this.toggleDisplay = this.toggleDisplay.bind(this);
}
toggleDisplay() {
this.setState({
display: !this.state.display
});
}
render() {
// change code below this line
if (this.state.display) {
return (
<div>
<button onClick={this.toggleDisplay}>Toggle Display</button>
<h1>Displayed!</h1>
</div>
);
} else {
return (
<div>
<button onClick={this.toggleDisplay}>Toggle Display</button>
</div>
);
}
}
};
```
</section>