2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								---
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								id: 5900f4421000cf542c50ff55
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								title: 'Problem 214: Totient Chains'
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								challengeType: 5
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2019-08-05 09:17:33 -07:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								forumTopicId: 301856
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								dashedName: problem-214-totient-chains
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								---
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								# --description--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Let φ be Euler's totient function, i.e. for a natural number n,
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								φ(n) is the number of k, 1 ≤ k ≤ n, for which gcd(k,n) = 1.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								By iterating φ, each positive integer generates a decreasing chain of numbers ending in 1. E.g. if we start with 5 the sequence 5,4,2,1 is generated. Here is a listing of all chains with length 4:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								5,4,2,1 7,6,2,1 8,4,2,1 9,6,2,1 10,4,2,1 12,4,2,1 14,6,2,1 18,6,2,1
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Only two of these chains start with a prime, their sum is 12.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								What is the sum of all primes less than 40000000 which generate a chain of length 25?
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								# --hints--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								`euler214()`  should return 1677366278943. 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								assert.strictEqual(euler214(), 1677366278943);
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								# --seed--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								## --seed-contents--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								function euler214() {
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-09-15 09:57:40 -07:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								  return true;
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								}
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								euler214();
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-11-27 19:02:05 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								# --solutions--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-09-30 23:01:58 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								// solution required
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```