104 lines
		
	
	
		
			7.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
		
		
			
		
	
	
			104 lines
		
	
	
		
			7.7 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
|   | --- | ||
|  | id: 5a23c84252665b21eecc8024 | ||
|  | title: State name puzzle | ||
|  | challengeType: 5 | ||
|  | --- | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Description
 | ||
|  | <section id='description'> | ||
|  | <b>Background</b> | ||
|  | This task is inspired by <a href="http://drdobbs.com/windows/198701685">Mark Nelson's DDJ Column "Wordplay"</a> and one of the weekly puzzle challenges from Will Shortz on NPR Weekend Edition [http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=9264290] and originally attributed to David Edelheit. | ||
|  | The challenge was to take the names of two U.S. States, mix them all together, then rearrange the letters to form the names of two <i>different</i> U.S. States (so that all four state names differ from one another). | ||
|  | What states are these? | ||
|  | The problem was reissued on  <a href="https://tapestry.tucson.az.us/twiki/bin/view/Main/StateNamesPuzzle">the Unicon Discussion Web</a> which includes several solutions with analysis.  Several techniques may be helpful and you may wish to refer to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goedel_numbering">Gödel numbering</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_relation">equivalence relations</a>, and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_classes">equivalence classes</a>.  The basic merits of these were discussed in the Unicon Discussion Web. | ||
|  | A second challenge in the form of a set of fictitious new states was also presented. | ||
|  | <b>Task:</b> | ||
|  | Write a function to solve the challenge for the given array of names of states. The function should return an array. Each element should be an object in this form: {"from":[],"to":[]}. The "from" array should contain the original names and the "to" array should contain the resultant names. | ||
|  | </section> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Instructions
 | ||
|  | <section id='instructions'> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | </section> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Tests
 | ||
|  | <section id='tests'> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ``` yml | ||
|  | tests: | ||
|  |   - text: <code>solve</code> should be a function. | ||
|  |     testString: assert(typeof solve == 'function', '<code>solve</code> should be a function.'); | ||
|  |   - text: <code>solve(["New Mexico", "New York", "North Carolina ", "North Dakota", "Ohio", "Oklahoma", "Oregon", "Pennsylvania", "Rhode Island", "South Carolina", "South Dakota"])</code> should return a array. | ||
|  |     testString: assert(Array.isArray(solve(["New Mexico", "New York", "North Carolina ", "North Dakota", "Ohio", "Oklahoma", "Oregon", "Pennsylvania", "Rhode Island", "South Carolina", "South Dakota"])), '<code>solve(["New Mexico", "New York", "North Carolina ", "North Dakota", "Ohio", "Oklahoma", "Oregon", "Pennsylvania", "Rhode Island", "South Carolina", "South Dakota"])</code> should return a array.'); | ||
|  |   - text: '<code>solve(["New Mexico", "New York", "North Carolina ", "North Dakota", "Ohio", "Oklahoma", "Oregon", "Pennsylvania", "Rhode Island", "South Carolina", "South Dakota"])</code> should return <code>[{ from: ["North Carolina ", "South Dakota"], to: ["North Dakota", "South Carolina"] }]</code>.' | ||
|  |     testString: assert.deepEqual(solve(["New Mexico", "New York", "North Carolina ", "North Dakota", "Ohio", "Oklahoma", "Oregon", "Pennsylvania", "Rhode Island", "South Carolina", "South Dakota"]), [{ from:["North Carolina ", "South Dakota"], to:["North Dakota", "South Carolina"] }], '<code>solve(["New Mexico", "New York", "North Carolina ", "North Dakota", "Ohio", "Oklahoma", "Oregon", "Pennsylvania", "Rhode Island", "South Carolina", "South Dakota"])</code> should return <code>[{ from:["North Carolina ", "South Dakota"], to:["North Dakota", "South Carolina"] }]</code>.'); | ||
|  |   - text: '<code>solve(["New York", "New Kory", "Wen Kory", "York New", "Kory New", "New Kory"])</code> should return <code>[{ from: ["New Kory", "New York"], to: ["Wen Kory", "York New"] }, { from: ["New Kory", "New York"], to: ["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from: ["New Kory", "New York"], to: ["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from: ["New York", "Wen Kory"], to: ["New Kory", "York New"] }, { from: ["New York", "Wen Kory"], to: ["Kory New", "New Kory"] }, { from: ["New York", "Wen Kory"], to: ["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from: ["New York", "York New"], to: ["New Kory", "Wen Kory"] }, { from: ["New York", "York New"], to: ["Kory New", "New Kory"] }, { from: ["New York", "York New"], to: ["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from: ["Kory New", "New York"], to: ["New Kory", "Wen Kory"] }, { from: ["Kory New", "New York"], to: ["New Kory", "York New"] }, { from: ["Kory New", "New York"], to: ["Wen Kory", "York New"] }, { from: ["New Kory", "Wen Kory"], to: ["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from: ["New Kory", "York New"], to: ["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from: ["Kory New", "New Kory"], to: ["Wen Kory", "York New"] }]</code>.' | ||
|  |     testString: assert.deepEqual(solve(["New York", "New Kory", "Wen Kory", "York New", "Kory New", "New Kory"]), [{ from:["New Kory", "New York"], to:["Wen Kory", "York New"] }, { from:["New Kory", "New York"], to:["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["New Kory", "New York"], to:["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from:["New York", "Wen Kory"], to:["New Kory", "York New"] }, { from:["New York", "Wen Kory"], to:["Kory New", "New Kory"] }, { from:["New York", "Wen Kory"], to:["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from:["New York", "York New"], to:["New Kory", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["New York", "York New"], to:["Kory New", "New Kory"] }, { from:["New York", "York New"], to:["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["Kory New", "New York"], to:["New Kory", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["Kory New", "New York"], to:["New Kory", "York New"] }, { from:["Kory New", "New York"], to:["Wen Kory", "York New"] }, { from:["New Kory", "Wen Kory"], to:["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from:["New Kory", "York New"], to:["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["Kory New", "New Kory"], to:["Wen Kory", "York New"] }], '<code>solve(["New York", "New Kory", "Wen Kory", "York New", "Kory New", "New Kory"])</code> should return <code>[{ from:["New Kory", "New York"], to:["Wen Kory", "York New"] }, { from:["New Kory", "New York"], to:["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["New Kory", "New York"], to:["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from:["New York", "Wen Kory"], to:["New Kory", "York New"] }, { from:["New York", "Wen Kory"], to:["Kory New", "New Kory"] }, { from:["New York", "Wen Kory"], to:["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from:["New York", "York New"], to:["New Kory", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["New York", "York New"], to:["Kory New", "New Kory"] }, { from:["New York", "York New"], to:["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["Kory New", "New York"], to:["New Kory", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["Kory New", "New York"], to:["New Kory", "York New"] }, { from:["Kory New", "New York"], to:["Wen Kory", "York New"] }, { from:["New Kory", "Wen Kory"], to:["Kory New", "York New"] }, { from:["New Kory", "York New"], to:["Kory New", "Wen Kory"] }, { from:["Kory New", "New Kory"], to:["Wen Kory", "York New"] }]</code>.'); | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | </section> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Challenge Seed
 | ||
|  | <section id='challengeSeed'> | ||
|  | <div id='js-seed'> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | function solve (input) { | ||
|  |   // Good luck! | ||
|  | } | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | </div> | ||
|  | </section> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ## Solution
 | ||
|  | <section id='solution'> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | ```js | ||
|  | function solve (input) { | ||
|  |   var orig = {}; | ||
|  |   input.forEach(function(e) { | ||
|  |     orig[e.replace(/\s/g, "").toLowerCase()] = e; | ||
|  |   }) | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   input = Object.keys(orig) | ||
|  |   var map = {}; | ||
|  |   for (var i = 0; i < input.length - 1; i++) { | ||
|  |     var pair0 = input[i]; | ||
|  |     for (var j = i + 1; j < input.length; j++) { | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |       var pair = [pair0, input[j]]; | ||
|  |       var s = pair0 + pair[1]; | ||
|  |       var key = s.split("").sort(); | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |       var val = map[key] ? map[key] : []; | ||
|  |       val.push(pair); | ||
|  |       map[key] = val; | ||
|  |     } | ||
|  |   } | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   var result = []; | ||
|  |   Object.keys(map).forEach((key) => { | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |     for (var i = 0; i < map[key].length - 1; i++) { | ||
|  |       var a = map[key][i]; | ||
|  |       for (var j = i + 1; j < map[key].length; j++) { | ||
|  |         var b = map[key][j]; | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |         if ((new Set([a[0], b[0], a[1], b[1]])).size < 4) | ||
|  |           continue; | ||
|  |         var from = [orig[a[0]], orig[a[1]]].sort() | ||
|  |         var to = [orig[b[0]], orig[b[1]]].sort() | ||
|  |         result.push({ | ||
|  |           from, | ||
|  |           to | ||
|  |         }) | ||
|  |       } | ||
|  |     } | ||
|  |   }); | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |   return result; | ||
|  | } | ||
|  | ``` | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | </section> |