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											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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							|  |  |  |  | id: 5a24c314108439a4d4036185 | 
					
						
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											2021-09-18 11:22:53 -07:00
										 |  |  |  | title: 使用 && 获得更简洁的条件 | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | challengeType: 6 | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | forumTopicId: 301413 | 
					
						
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											2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
										 |  |  |  | dashedName: use--for-a-more-concise-conditional | 
					
						
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											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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										 |  |  |  | # --description--
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										 |  |  |  | `if/else` 语句在上一次挑战中是有效的,但是有一种更简洁的方法可以达到同样的结果。 假设正在跟踪组件中的几个条件,并且希望根据这些条件中的每一个来渲染不同的元素。 如果你写了很多 `else if` 语句来返回稍微不同的 UI,你可能会写很多重复代码,这就留下了出错的空间。 相反,你可以使用 `&&` 逻辑运算符以更简洁的方式执行条件逻辑。 这是完全可行的,因为你希望检查条件是否为 `true`。如果是,则返回一些标记。 下面是一个示例: | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | {condition && <p>markup</p>} | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | 如果 `condition` 为 `true`,则返回标记。 如果条件为 `false` ,则在评估 `condition` 后操作将立即返回 `false`,并且不返回任何内容。 可以将这些语句直接包含在 JSX 中,并通过在每个条件后面写 `&&` 来将多个条件串在一起。 这允许你在 `render()` 方法中处理更复杂的条件逻辑,而无需重复大量代码。 | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | # --instructions--
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										 |  |  |  | 再来看看前面的示例,`h1` 还是在 `display` 为 `true` 时渲染,但使用 `&&` 逻辑运算符代替 `if/else` 语句。 | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | # --hints--
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										 |  |  |  | `MyComponent` 应该存在并渲染。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | assert( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   (function () { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return mockedComponent.find('MyComponent').length; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   })() | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ); | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | 当 `display` 被设置为 `true` 时,`div`、`button` 和 `h1` 标签应该渲染。 | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | async () => { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   const waitForIt = (fn) => | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   const state_1 = () => { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     mockedComponent.setState({ display: true }); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   }; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   const updated = await state_1(); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   assert( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     updated.find('div').length === 1 && | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       updated.find('div').children().length === 2 && | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       updated.find('button').length === 1 && | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       updated.find('h1').length === 1 | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | }; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | 当 `display` 被设置为 `false` 时,只有 `div` 和 `button` 应该渲染。 | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | async () => { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   const waitForIt = (fn) => | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     new Promise((resolve, reject) => setTimeout(() => resolve(fn()), 250)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   const state_1 = () => { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     mockedComponent.setState({ display: false }); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return waitForIt(() => mockedComponent); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   }; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   const updated = await state_1(); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   assert( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     updated.find('div').length === 1 && | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       updated.find('div').children().length === 1 && | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       updated.find('button').length === 1 && | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       updated.find('h1').length === 0 | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   ); | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | }; | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | render 方法应该使用 `&&` 逻辑运算符来检查 `this.state.display` 的条件。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | (getUserInput) => assert(getUserInput('index').includes('&&')); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | # --seed--
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							|  |  |  |  | ## --after-user-code--
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							|  |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ReactDOM.render(<MyComponent />, document.getElementById('root')) | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ## --seed-contents--
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							|  |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | class MyComponent extends React.Component { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   constructor(props) { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     super(props); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     this.state = { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       display: true | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     this.toggleDisplay = this.toggleDisplay.bind(this); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   toggleDisplay() { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     this.setState(state => ({ | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       display: !state.display | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     })); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   render() { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     // Change code below this line | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return ( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |        <div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |          <button onClick={this.toggleDisplay}>Toggle Display</button> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |          <h1>Displayed!</h1> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |        </div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | }; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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										 |  |  |  | # --solutions--
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										 |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | class MyComponent extends React.Component { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   constructor(props) { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     super(props); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     this.state = { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       display: true | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |  this.toggleDisplay = this.toggleDisplay.bind(this); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   toggleDisplay() { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     this.setState(state => ({ | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       display: !state.display | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     })); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   render() { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     // Change code below this line | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return ( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |        <div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |          <button onClick={this.toggleDisplay}>Toggle Display</button> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |          {this.state.display && <h1>Displayed!</h1>} | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |        </div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | }; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` |