2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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id: 587d778a367417b2b2512aa5
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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title: 使用 figure 元素提高图表的可访问性
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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challengeType: 0
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2020-02-11 17:06:41 +08:00
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videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/c/cGJMqtE'
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forumTopicId: 301015
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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dashedName: improve-chart-accessibility-with-the-figure-element
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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---
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --description--
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2021-03-12 07:30:30 -07:00
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HTML5 引入了 `figure` 标签以及与之相关的 `figcaption` 标签。 它们一起用于展示可视化信息（如：图片、图表）及其标题。 这样通过语义化对内容进行分组并配以用于解释 `figure` 的文字，可以极大地提升内容的可访问性。
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00
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对于图表之类的可视化数据，标题可以为屏幕阅读器用户提供简要的说明。 但是这里有一个难点，如何为屏幕阅读器用户展示那些超出屏幕可视范围（使用 CSS）的表格所表现的图表数据。
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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2021-01-08 11:20:48 -08:00
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举个例子，注意 `figcaption` 包含在 `figure` 标签中，并且可以与其他标签组合使用：
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2020-02-11 17:06:41 +08:00
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```html
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<figure>
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<img src="roundhouseDestruction.jpeg" alt="Photo of Camper Cat executing a roundhouse kick">
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<br>
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<figcaption>
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Master Camper Cat demonstrates proper form of a roundhouse kick.
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</figcaption>
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</figure>
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```
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --instructions--
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2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00
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Camper Cat 正在努力创建一张条形图，用来显示每周用于隐形、战斗、武器训练的时间。 请帮助完善他的页面，将他用于呈现图表的 `div` 标签修改为 `figure` 标签；将用于呈现图表标题的 `p` 标签改为 `figcaption` 标签。
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --hints--
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00
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应存在一个 `figure` 标签。
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert($('figure').length == 1);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00
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应存在一个 `figcaption` 标签。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert($('figcaption').length == 1);
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-01-08 11:20:48 -08:00
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不应存在 `div` 标签。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert($('div').length == 0);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2021-01-08 11:20:48 -08:00
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不应存在 `p` 标签。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert($('p').length == 0);
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-01-08 11:20:48 -08:00
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`figcaption` 应为 `figure` 的子标签。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert($('figure').children('figcaption').length == 1);
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2021-01-08 11:20:48 -08:00
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确保 `figure` 元素有结束标签。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert(
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code.match(/<\/figure>/g) &&
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code.match(/<\/figure>/g).length === code.match(/<figure>/g).length
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);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2020-02-11 17:06:41 +08:00
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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# --seed--
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## --seed-contents--
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```html
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<body>
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<header>
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<h1>Training</h1>
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<nav>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#stealth">Stealth & Agility</a></li>
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<li><a href="#combat">Combat</a></li>
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<li><a href="#weapons">Weapons</a></li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</header>
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<main>
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<section>
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<!-- Only change code below this line -->
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<div>
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<!-- Stacked bar chart will go here -->
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<br>
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<p>Breakdown per week of time to spend training in stealth, combat, and weapons.</p>
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</div>
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<!-- Only change code above this line -->
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</section>
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<section id="stealth">
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<h2>Stealth & Agility Training</h2>
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<article><h3>Climb foliage quickly using a minimum spanning tree approach</h3></article>
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<article><h3>No training is NP-complete without parkour</h3></article>
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</section>
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<section id="combat">
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<h2>Combat Training</h2>
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<article><h3>Dispatch multiple enemies with multithreaded tactics</h3></article>
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<article><h3>Goodbye world: 5 proven ways to knock out an opponent</h3></article>
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</section>
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<section id="weapons">
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<h2>Weapons Training</h2>
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<article><h3>Swords: the best tool to literally divide and conquer</h3></article>
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<article><h3>Breadth-first or depth-first in multi-weapon training?</h3></article>
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</section>
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</main>
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<footer>© 2018 Camper Cat</footer>
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</body>
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```
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --solutions--
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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```html
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<body>
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<header>
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<h1>Training</h1>
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<nav>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#stealth">Stealth & Agility</a></li>
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<li><a href="#combat">Combat</a></li>
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<li><a href="#weapons">Weapons</a></li>
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</ul>
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</nav>
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</header>
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<main>
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<section>
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<figure>
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<!-- Stacked bar chart will go here -->
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<br>
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<figcaption>Breakdown per week of time to spend training in stealth, combat, and weapons.</figcaption>
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</figure>
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</section>
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<section id="stealth">
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<h2>Stealth & Agility Training</h2>
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<article><h3>Climb foliage quickly using a minimum spanning tree approach</h3></article>
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<article><h3>No training is NP-complete without parkour</h3></article>
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</section>
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<section id="combat">
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<h2>Combat Training</h2>
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<article><h3>Dispatch multiple enemies with multithreaded tactics</h3></article>
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<article><h3>Goodbye world: 5 proven ways to knock out an opponent</h3></article>
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</section>
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<section id="weapons">
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<h2>Weapons Training</h2>
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<article><h3>Swords: the best tool to literally divide and conquer</h3></article>
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<article><h3>Breadth-first or depth-first in multi-weapon training?</h3></article>
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</section>
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</main>
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<footer>© 2018 Camper Cat</footer>
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</body>
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```
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