2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								---
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								id: 5900f53d1000cf542c51004f
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								title: 'Problem 464: Möbius function and intervals'
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								challengeType: 5
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								forumTopicId: 302139
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								dashedName: problem-464-mbius-function-and-intervals
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								---
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								# --description--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								The Möbius function, denoted μ(n), is defined as:
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								μ(n) = (-1)ω(n) if n is squarefree (where ω(n) is the number of distinct prime factors of n)
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								μ(n) = 0 if n is not squarefree.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Let P(a,b) be the number of integers n in the interval \[a,b] such that μ(n) = 1. Let N(a,b) be the number of integers n in the interval \[a,b] such that μ(n) = -1. For example, P(2,10) = 2 and N(2,10) = 4.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Let C(n) be the number of integer pairs (a,b) such that: 1 ≤ a ≤ b ≤ n, 99·N(a,b) ≤ 100·P(a,b), and 99·P(a,b) ≤ 100·N(a,b).
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								For example, C(10) = 13, C(500) = 16676 and C(10 000) = 20155319.
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								Find C(20 000 000).
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								# --hints--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-02-06 04:42:36 +00:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								`euler464()`  should return 198775297232878. 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								assert.strictEqual(euler464(), 198775297232878);
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								# --seed--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								## --seed-contents--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								function euler464() {
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								  return true;
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								}
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								euler464();
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								# --solutions--
  
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2020-08-13 17:24:35 +02:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
									
										
										
										
											2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00 
										
									 
								 
							 
							
								
									
										 
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```js
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								// solution required
							 
						 
					
						
							
								
							 
							
								
							 
							
								 
							
							
								```