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											2021-05-05 10:13:49 -07:00
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							|  |  |  |  | id: 5a24c314108439a4d4036169 | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | title: 將 Props 傳遞給無狀態函數組件 | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | challengeType: 6 | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | forumTopicId: 301402 | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | dashedName: pass-props-to-a-stateless-functional-component | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | --- | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | # --description--
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							|  |  |  |  | 之前的挑戰涵蓋了關於在 React 中創建和組合 JSX 元素、函數組件和 ES6 風格的類組件的很多內容。 有了這個基礎,現在是時候看看 React 中的另一個常見特性 **props** 了。 在 React 中,可以將屬性傳遞給子組件。 假設有一個 `App` 組件,該組件渲染了一個名爲 `Welcome` 的子組件,它是一個無狀態函數組件。 可以通過以下方式給 `Welcome` 傳遞一個 `user` 屬性: | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | <App> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   <Welcome user='Mark' /> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | </App> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | 可以把創建的 React 支持的**自定義 HTML 屬性**傳遞給組件, 在上面的例子裏,將創建的屬性 `user` 傳遞給組件 `Welcome`。 由於 `Welcome` 是一個無狀態函數組件,它可以像這樣訪問該值: | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | const Welcome = (props) => <h1>Hello, {props.user}!</h1> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | 調用 `props` 這個值是常見做法,當處理無狀態函數組件時,基本上可以將其視爲返回 JSX 的函數的參數。 這樣,你就可以在函數體中訪問該值。 但對於類組件,訪問方式會略有不同。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | # --instructions--
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							|  |  |  |  | 代碼編輯器中有 `Calendar` 和 `CurrentDate` 組件。 從 `Calendar` 組件渲染 `CurrentDate` 時,從 JavaScript 的 `Date` 對象分配當前日期,並將其作爲 `date` 屬性傳入。 然後訪問 `CurrentDate` 組件的 `prop`,並在 `p` 標籤中顯示其值。 請注意,要將 `prop` 的值視爲 JavaScript,必須將它們括在花括號中,例如`date={Date()}`。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | # --hints--
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							|  |  |  |  | `Calendar` 組件應該返回單個 `div` 元素。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | assert( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   (function () { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(Calendar)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return mockedComponent.children().type() === 'div'; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   })() | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | `Calendar` 組件的第二個子元素應該是 `CurrentDate` 組件。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | assert( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   (function () { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(Calendar)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return mockedComponent.children().childAt(1).name() === 'CurrentDate'; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   })() | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | `CurrentDate` 組件應該有一個名爲 `date` 的屬性。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | assert( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   (function () { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(Calendar)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return mockedComponent.children().childAt(1).props().date; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   })() | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | `CurrentDate` 的 `date` 屬性應該包含一段文本字符串。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | assert( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   (function () { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(Calendar)); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     const prop = mockedComponent.children().childAt(1).props().date; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return typeof prop === 'string' && prop.length > 0; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   })() | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							| 
									
										
										
										
											2021-06-02 19:46:30 +09:00
										 |  |  |  | `date` 屬性應該通過調用 `Date()` 生成。 | 
					
						
							| 
									
										
										
										
											2021-05-05 10:13:49 -07:00
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							|  |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | assert(/<CurrentDatedate={Date\(\)}\/>/.test(__helpers.removeWhiteSpace(code))); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | `CurrentDate` 組件應該把 `date` 屬性渲染在 `p` 標籤內。 | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ```js | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | let date = 'dummy date'; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | assert( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   (function () { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       React.createElement(CurrentDate, { date }) | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return mockedComponent.find('p').html().includes(date); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   })() | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | # --seed--
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							|  |  |  |  | ## --after-user-code--
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							|  |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ReactDOM.render(<Calendar />, document.getElementById('root')) | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | ## --seed-contents--
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							|  |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | const CurrentDate = (props) => { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   return ( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     <div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       { /* Change code below this line */ } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       <p>The current date is: </p> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       { /* Change code above this line */ } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     </div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | }; | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | class Calendar extends React.Component { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   constructor(props) { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     super(props); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   render() { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return ( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       <div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |         <h3>What date is it?</h3> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |         { /* Change code below this line */ } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |         <CurrentDate /> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |         { /* Change code above this line */ } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       </div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | }; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | # --solutions--
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							|  |  |  |  | ```jsx | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | const CurrentDate = (props) => { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   return ( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     <div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       { /* Change code below this line */ } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       <p>The current date is: {props.date}</p> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       { /* Change code above this line */ } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     </div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | }; | 
					
						
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							|  |  |  |  | class Calendar extends React.Component { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   constructor(props) { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     super(props); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   render() { | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     return ( | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       <div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |         <h3>What date is it?</h3> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |         { /* Change code below this line */ } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |         <CurrentDate date={Date()} /> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |         { /* Change code above this line */ } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |       </div> | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |     ); | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  |   } | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | }; | 
					
						
							|  |  |  |  | ``` |