2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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id: 587d8258367417b2b2512c81
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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title: 在二叉搜索树中删除具有一个子节点的节点
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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challengeType: 1
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videoUrl: ''
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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dashedName: delete-a-node-with-one-child-in-a-binary-search-tree
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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---
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --description--
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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现在我们可以删除叶子节点,让我们继续第二种情况:删除一个子节点。对于这种情况,假设我们有一棵树,其中包含以下节点1 - 2 - 3,其中1是根。要删除2,我们只需要在1到3中做出正确的引用。更一般地说,为了删除只有一个子节点的节点,我们将该节点的父引用作为树中的下一个节点。说明:我们在`remove`方法中提供了一些代码,用于完成上一次挑战中的任务。我们找到要删除的目标及其父节点,并定义目标节点具有的子节点数。让我们在这里为仅有一个子节点的目标节点添加下一个案例。在这里,我们必须确定单个子节点是树中的左或右分支,然后在父节点中设置正确的引用以指向此节点。另外,让我们考虑目标是根节点的情况(这意味着父节点将为`null` )。只要通过测试,请随意用自己的代码替换所有入门代码。
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# --hints--
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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存在`BinarySearchTree`数据结构。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert(
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(function () {
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var test = false;
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if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== 'undefined') {
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test = new BinarySearchTree();
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}
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return typeof test == 'object';
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})()
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);
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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二叉搜索树有一个名为`remove`的方法。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```js
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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assert(
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(function () {
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var test = false;
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if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== 'undefined') {
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test = new BinarySearchTree();
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} else {
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return false;
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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}
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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return typeof test.remove == 'function';
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})()
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);
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```
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尝试删除不存在的元素将返回`null` 。
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```js
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assert(
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(function () {
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var test = false;
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if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== 'undefined') {
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test = new BinarySearchTree();
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} else {
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return false;
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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}
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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if (typeof test.remove !== 'function') {
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return false;
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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}
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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return test.remove(100) == null;
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})()
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);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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如果根节点没有子节点,则删除它会将根节点设置为`null` 。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert(
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(function () {
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var test = false;
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if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== 'undefined') {
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test = new BinarySearchTree();
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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if (typeof test.remove !== 'function') {
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return false;
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}
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test.add(500);
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test.remove(500);
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return test.inorder() == null;
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})()
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);
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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`remove`方法从树中删除叶节点
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```js
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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assert(
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(function () {
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var test = false;
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if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== 'undefined') {
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test = new BinarySearchTree();
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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if (typeof test.remove !== 'function') {
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return false;
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}
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test.add(5);
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test.add(3);
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test.add(7);
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test.add(6);
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test.add(10);
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test.add(12);
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test.remove(3);
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test.remove(12);
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test.remove(10);
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return test.inorder().join('') == '567';
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})()
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);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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`remove`方法删除具有一个子节点的节点。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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```js
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assert(
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(function () {
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var test = false;
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if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== 'undefined') {
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test = new BinarySearchTree();
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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if (typeof test.remove !== 'function') {
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return false;
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}
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test.add(-1);
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test.add(3);
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test.add(7);
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test.add(16);
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test.remove(16);
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test.remove(7);
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test.remove(3);
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return test.inorder().join('') == '-1';
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})()
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);
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```
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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删除具有两个节点的树中的根将第二个节点设置为根。
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```js
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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assert(
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(function () {
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var test = false;
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if (typeof BinarySearchTree !== 'undefined') {
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test = new BinarySearchTree();
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} else {
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return false;
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}
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if (typeof test.remove !== 'function') {
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return false;
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}
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test.add(15);
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test.add(27);
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test.remove(15);
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return test.inorder().join('') == '27';
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})()
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);
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2018-10-10 18:03:03 -04:00
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```
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2020-08-13 17:24:35 +02:00
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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# --seed--
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## --after-user-code--
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```js
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BinarySearchTree.prototype = Object.assign(
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BinarySearchTree.prototype,
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{
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add: function(value) {
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var node = this.root;
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if (node == null) {
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this.root = new Node(value);
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return;
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} else {
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function searchTree(node) {
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if (value < node.value) {
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if (node.left == null) {
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node.left = new Node(value);
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return;
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} else if (node.left != null) {
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return searchTree(node.left);
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}
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} else if (value > node.value) {
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if (node.right == null) {
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node.right = new Node(value);
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return;
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} else if (node.right != null) {
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return searchTree(node.right);
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}
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} else {
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return null;
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}
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}
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return searchTree(node);
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}
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},
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inorder: function() {
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if (this.root == null) {
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return null;
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} else {
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var result = new Array();
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function traverseInOrder(node) {
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if (node.left != null) {
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traverseInOrder(node.left);
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}
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result.push(node.value);
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if (node.right != null) {
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traverseInOrder(node.right);
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}
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}
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traverseInOrder(this.root);
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return result;
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}
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}
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}
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);
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```
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## --seed-contents--
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```js
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var displayTree = tree => console.log(JSON.stringify(tree, null, 2));
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function Node(value) {
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this.value = value;
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this.left = null;
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this.right = null;
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}
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function BinarySearchTree() {
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this.root = null;
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this.remove = function(value) {
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if (this.root === null) {
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return null;
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}
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var target;
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var parent = null;
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// Find the target value and its parent
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(function findValue(node = this.root) {
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if (value == node.value) {
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target = node;
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} else if (value < node.value && node.left !== null) {
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parent = node;
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return findValue(node.left);
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} else if (value < node.value && node.left === null) {
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return null;
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} else if (value > node.value && node.right !== null) {
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parent = node;
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return findValue(node.right);
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} else {
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return null;
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}
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}.bind(this)());
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if (target === null) {
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return null;
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}
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// Count the children of the target to delete
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var children =
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(target.left !== null ? 1 : 0) + (target.right !== null ? 1 : 0);
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// Case 1: Target has no children
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if (children === 0) {
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if (target == this.root) {
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this.root = null;
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} else {
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if (parent.left == target) {
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parent.left = null;
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} else {
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parent.right = null;
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}
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}
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}
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// Case 2: Target has one child
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// Only change code below this line
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};
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}
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```
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2020-12-16 00:37:30 -07:00
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# --solutions--
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2021-01-13 03:31:00 +01:00
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```js
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// solution required
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```
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