51 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.0 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
		
		
			
		
	
	
			51 lines
		
	
	
		
			2.0 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
|   | --- | |||
|  | title: Python Input Function | |||
|  | localeTitle: Python输入函数 | |||
|  | --- | |||
|  | 很多时候,在程序中我们需要来自用户的一些输入。从用户那里获取输入使程序感觉互动。在Python 3中,为了从用户那里获取输入,我们有一个函数`input()` 。如果调用输入函数,程序流将停止,直到用户给出输入并用返回键结束输入。我们来看一些例子: | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 1.  当我们想要输入时: | |||
|  |      | |||
|  |     # 这只会给出一个没有任何消息的提示 | |||
|  |      | |||
|  |     inp = input() | |||
|  |      | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  |  [运行代码](https://repl.it/CUqX/0) | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 1.  要给出带有消息的提示: | |||
|  |      | |||
|  |     _具有_消息输入=提示(” “) | |||
|  |      | |||
|  |     # \_ | |||
|  |      | |||
|  |     # 输出中的“\_”是提示符 | |||
|  |      | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  |  [运行代码](https://repl.it/CUqX/1) | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 3.当我们想要一个整数输入时: | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | number = int(input('Please enter a number: '))  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  |  [运行代码](https://repl.it/CUqX/2) | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 如果输入非整数值,则Python将抛出错误`ValueError` 。 **所以每当你使用它时,请确保你也能抓住它。**否则,您的程序将在提示后意外停止。 | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | number = int(input('Please enter a number: '))  | |||
|  |  # Please enter a number: as  | |||
|  |  # Enter a string and it will throw this error  | |||
|  |  # ValueError: invalid literal for int() with base 10 'as'  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 4.当我们想要一个字符串输入时: | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | string = str(input('Please enter a string: '))  | |||
|  | ``` | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  |  [运行代码](https://repl.it/CUqX/3) | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | 但是,输入默认存储为字符串。使用`str()`函数使代码阅读器清楚输入将是一个'字符串'。提及将事先采用何种类型的输入是一种很好的做法。 | |||
|  | 
 | |||
|  | [官方文件](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#input) |