Update index.md (#20535)
* Update index.md Some improvisation and obvious corrections. * fix: formatting
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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ title: File Handling
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## File Handling
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## File Handling
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### Introduction
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### Introduction
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If you've written the C `helloworld` program before, you've already done file IO in C! Congratulations! :tada:
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If you've written the C `helloworld` program before, you've already done file INPUT/OUTPUT(Genrally reffered as IO) in C! Congratulations! :tada:
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```c
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```c
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/* A simple hello world in C. */
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/* A simple hello world in C. */
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@ -21,20 +21,23 @@ int main() {
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}
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}
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```
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```
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File Handling is most important part of a programmer . In C language we use a structure pointer of a file type to declare a file
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File Handling is one of the most important part of a programming . In C language we use a **FILE** type structure pointer to declare a **file**.
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```c
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```c
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FILE *fp;
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FILE *fp;
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..// declaration of file name as fp
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```
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```
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C provides a number of build-in function to perform basic file operation
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C provides a number of build-in function to perform basic file operation
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**fopen()** **-** **create a new file or open a existing file**
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**fopen()** **-** **create a new file or open a existing file**
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**fclose()** **-** **close a file**
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**fclose()** **-** **close a file**
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//Most important part is to close the file to restrict any further changes.
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**getc()** **-** **reads a character from a file**
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**getc()** **-** **reads a character from a file**
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**putc()** **-** **writes a character to a file**
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**putc()** **-** **writes a character to a file**
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//getc and putc() both method are are used for string or char arrays.
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**fscanf()** **-** **reads a set of data from a file**
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**fscanf()** **-** **reads a set of data from a file**
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@ -60,10 +63,13 @@ C provides a number of build-in function to perform basic file operation
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In C there are many mode for opening a file
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In C there are many mode for opening a file
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**r** **-** **open a file in reading mode**
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**r** **-** **open a file in reading mode**
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..//Provide access only to read a file but not to write it.
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**w** **-** **opens or create a text file in writing mode**
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**w** **-** **opens or create a text file in writing mode**
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..//Provides access only to write on file not to read it.
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**a** **-** **opens a file in append mode**
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**a** **-** **opens a file in append mode**
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..//Provides acces to append more words in file.
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**r+** **-** **opens a file in both reading and writing mode**
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**r+** **-** **opens a file in both reading and writing mode**
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@ -105,11 +111,11 @@ So how does this relate to `helloworld` and file IO?
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When you call `printf`, you are really just writing to a special file called `stdout`, short for __standard output__.
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When you call `printf`, you are really just writing to a special file called `stdout`, short for __standard output__.
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`stdout` represents, well, the standard output as decided by your shell, which is usually the terminal.
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`stdout` represents, well, the standard output as decided by your shell, which is usually the terminal.
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This explains why it printed to your screen.
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This explains why it printed to your screen. `stdout` is stream used by O's to display the output on the monitor or particularly in your terminal.
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There are two other streams (i.e. files) that are available to you with effort, `stdin` and `stderr`.
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There are two other streams (i.e. files) that are available to you with effort, `stdin` and `stderr`.
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`stdin` represents the __standard input__, which your shell usually attaches to the keyboard.
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`stdin` represents the __standard input__, which your shell usually attaches to the keyboard in terms via keyboard service to console.
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`stderr` represents the __standard error__ output, which your shell usually attaches to the terminal.
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`stderr` represents the __standard error__ output, which your shell usually attaches to the terminal but this time to display **errors**.
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### Rudimentary File IO, or How I Learnt to Lay Pipes
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### Rudimentary File IO, or How I Learnt to Lay Pipes
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Enough theory, let's get down to business by writing some code!
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Enough theory, let's get down to business by writing some code!
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