diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-accessibility/avoid-colorblindness-issues-by-carefully-choosing-colors-that-convey-information.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-accessibility/avoid-colorblindness-issues-by-carefully-choosing-colors-that-convey-information.english.md
index 5b12dbfdab..f7061d1bfb 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-accessibility/avoid-colorblindness-issues-by-carefully-choosing-colors-that-convey-information.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-accessibility/avoid-colorblindness-issues-by-carefully-choosing-colors-that-convey-information.english.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/c/c437as3'
Some online color picking tools include visual simulations of how colors appear for different types of colorblindness. These are great resources in addition to online contrast checking calculators.
+Note: Some online color picking tools include visual simulations of how colors appear for different types of colorblindness. These are great resources in addition to online contrast checking calculators.
audio
element gives semantic meaning when it wraps sound or
The audio
tag supports the controls
attribute. This shows the browser default play, pause, and other controls, and supports keyboard functionality. This is a boolean attribute, meaning it doesn't need a value, its presence on the tag turns the setting on.
Here's an example:
<audio id="meowClip" controls>-Note
<source src="audio/meow.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" />
<source src="audio/meow.ogg" type="audio/ogg" />
</audio>
audio
element after the p
. Include the controls
attribute. Then place a source
tag inside the audio
tags with the src
attribute set to "https://s3.amazonaws.com/freecodecamp/screen-reader.mp3" and type
attribute set to "audio/mpeg".
-Notealt
attribute
In situations when an image is already explained with text content, or does not add meaning to a page, the img
still needs an alt
attribute, but it can be set to an empty string. Here's an example:
<img src="visualDecoration.jpeg" alt="">
Background images usually fall under the 'decorative' label as well. However, they are typically applied with CSS rules, and therefore not part of the markup screen readers process.
-Notealt
text, since it helps search engines catalog the content of the image.
+Note: For images with a caption, you may still want to include alt
text, since it helps search engines catalog the content of the image.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-accessibility/make-elements-only-visible-to-a-screen-reader-by-using-custom-css.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-accessibility/make-elements-only-visible-to-a-screen-reader-by-using-custom-css.english.md
index 624a188e02..1e4beaf62e 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-accessibility/make-elements-only-visible-to-a-screen-reader-by-using-custom-css.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-accessibility/make-elements-only-visible-to-a-screen-reader-by-using-custom-css.english.md
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ Have you noticed that all of the applied accessibility challenges so far haven't
However, CSS's magic can also improve accessibility on your page when you want to visually hide content meant only for screen readers. This happens when information is in a visual format (like a chart), but screen reader users need an alternative presentation (like a table) to access the data. CSS is used to position the screen reader-only elements off the visual area of the browser window.
Here's an example of the CSS rules that accomplish this:
.sr-only {-Note
position: absolute;
left: -10000px;
width: 1px;
height: 1px;
top: auto;
overflow: hidden;
}
display: none;
or visibility: hidden;
hides content for everyone, including screen reader userswidth: 0px; height: 0px;
removes that element from the flow of your document, meaning screen readers will ignore itheader
tag. It's used to wrap introductory information or navigation links for its parent tag and works well around content that's repeated at the top on multiple pages.
header
shares the embedded landmark feature you saw with main
, allowing assistive technologies to quickly navigate to that content.
-Noteheader
is meant for use in the body
tag of your HTML document. This is different than the head
element, which contains the page's title, meta information, etc.
+Note: The header
is meant for use in the body
tag of your HTML document. This is different than the head
element, which contains the page's title, meta information, etc.
tabindex
attribute has three distinct functions relating to an element's keyboard focus. When it's on a tag, it indicates that element can be focused on. The value (an integer that's positive, negative, or zero) determines the behavior.
Certain elements, such as links and form controls, automatically receive keyboard focus when a user tabs through a page. It's in the same order as the elements come in the HTML source markup. This same functionality can be given to other elements, such as div
, span
, and p
, by placing a tabindex="0"
attribute on them. Here's an example:
<div tabindex="0">I need keyboard focus!</div>
-Notetabindex
value (typically -1) indicates that an element is focusable, but is not reachable by the keyboard. This method is generally used to bring focus to content programmatically (like when a div
used for a pop-up window is activated), and is beyond the scope of these challenges.
+Note: A negative tabindex
value (typically -1) indicates that an element is focusable, but is not reachable by the keyboard. This method is generally used to bring focus to content programmatically (like when a div
used for a pop-up window is activated), and is beyond the scope of these challenges.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-visual-design/change-an-elements-relative-position.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-visual-design/change-an-elements-relative-position.english.md
index 618aa9a2b9..715c6f900c 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-visual-design/change-an-elements-relative-position.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-visual-design/change-an-elements-relative-position.english.md
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ CSS treats each HTML element as its own box, which is usually referred to as the
When the position of an element is set to relative
, it allows you to specify how CSS should move it relative to its current position in the normal flow of the page. It pairs with the CSS offset properties of left
or right
, and top
or bottom
. These say how many pixels, percentages, or ems to move the item away from where it is normally positioned. The following example moves the paragraph 10 pixels away from the bottom:
p {Changing an element's position to relative does not remove it from the normal flow - other elements around it still behave as if that item were in its default position. -Note
position: relative;
bottom: 10px;
}
hr
tag to add a horizontal line across the width of
## Instructions
hr
tag underneath the h4
which contains the card title.
-Notehr
is a self-closing tag, and therefore doesn't need a separate closing tag.
+Note: In HTML, hr
is a self-closing tag, and therefore doesn't need a separate closing tag.
red (#FF0000) and cyan (#00FFFF)This is different than the outdated RYB color model that many of us were taught in school, which has different primary and complementary colors. Modern color theory uses the additive RGB model (like on a computer screen) and the subtractive CMY(K) model (like in printing). Read here for more information on this complex subject. There are many color picking tools available online that have an option to find the complement of a color. -Note
green (#00FF00) and magenta (#FF00FF)
blue (#0000FF) and yellow (#FFFF00)
transform
property has a variety of functions that lets you sca
Here's an example to scale the paragraph elements to 2.1 times their original size when a user hovers over them:
p:hover {- NOTE: Applying a transform to a
transform: scale(2.1);
}
div
element will also affect any child elements contained in the div.
+ Note: Applying a transform to a div
element will also affect any child elements contained in the div.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-visual-design/use-the-u-tag-to-underline-text.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-visual-design/use-the-u-tag-to-underline-text.english.md
index 099373984d..63bb7ccfc7 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-visual-design/use-the-u-tag-to-underline-text.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/applied-visual-design/use-the-u-tag-to-underline-text.english.md
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ To underline text, you can use the u
tag. This is often used to sig
## Instructions
u
tag only around the text "Ph.D. students".
-Noteu
tag when it could be confused for a link. Anchor tags also have a default underlined formatting.
+Note: Try to avoid using the u
tag when it could be confused for a link. Anchor tags also have a default underlined formatting.
border-radius
with pixels. Give your cat photo a border-radius
of 10px
.
-Note: this challenge allows for multiple possible solutions. For example, you may add border-radius
to either the .thick-green-border
class or the .smaller-image
class.
+Note: this challenge allows for multiple possible solutions. For example, you may add border-radius
to either the .thick-green-border
class or the .smaller-image
class.
h1
element the id
attribute of orange-
Leave the blue-text
and pink-text
classes on your h1
element.
Create a CSS declaration for your orange-text
id in your style
element. Here's an example of what this looks like:
#brown-text {
color: brown;
}
-Note: It doesn't matter whether you declare this CSS above or below pink-text class, since id attribute will always take precedence.
+Note: It doesn't matter whether you declare this CSS above or below pink-text class, since id attribute will always take precedence.
## Tests
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/override-styles-in-subsequent-css.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/override-styles-in-subsequent-css.english.md
index de9926cdb4..737600b4a7 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/override-styles-in-subsequent-css.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/override-styles-in-subsequent-css.english.md
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Create an additional CSS class called blue-text
that gives an eleme
Apply the blue-text
class to your h1
element in addition to your pink-text
class, and let's see which one wins.
Applying multiple class attributes to a HTML element is done with a space between them like this:
class="class1 class2"
-Note: It doesn't matter which order the classes are listed in the HTML element.
+Note: It doesn't matter which order the classes are listed in the HTML element.
However, the order of the class
declarations in the <style>
section are what is important. The second declaration will always take precedence over the first. Because .blue-text
is declared second, it overrides the attributes of .pink-text
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/size-your-images.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/size-your-images.english.md
index ff3324373c..073c109dbc 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/size-your-images.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/size-your-images.english.md
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ For example, if we wanted to create a CSS class called larger-image
## Instructions
Create a class called smaller-image
and use it to resize the image so that it's only 100 pixels wide.
-Note
Due to browser implementation differences, you may need to be at 100% zoom to pass the tests on this challenge.
+Note: Due to browser implementation differences, you may need to be at 100% zoom to pass the tests on this challenge.
## Tests
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/specify-how-fonts-should-degrade.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/specify-how-fonts-should-degrade.english.md
index 03c1e36966..4555dcad01 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/specify-how-fonts-should-degrade.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/specify-how-fonts-should-degrade.english.md
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Generic font family names are not case-sensitive. Also, they do not need quotes
To begin with, apply the monospace
font to the h2
element, so that it now has two fonts - Lobster
and monospace
.
In the last challenge, you imported the Lobster
font using the link
tag. Now comment out that import of the Lobster
font(using the HTML comments you learned before) from Google Fonts so that it isn't available anymore. Notice how your h2
element degrades to the monospace
font.
-Note
If you have the Lobster font installed on your computer, you won't see the degradation because your browser is able to find the font.
+Note: If you have the Lobster font installed on your computer, you won't see the degradation because your browser is able to find the font.
## Tests
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/understand-absolute-versus-relative-units.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/understand-absolute-versus-relative-units.english.md
index 37754ce835..fdf6417b28 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/understand-absolute-versus-relative-units.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-css/understand-absolute-versus-relative-units.english.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/c/cN66JSL'
The last several challenges all set an element's margin or padding with pixels (px
). Pixels are a type of length unit, which is what tells the browser how to size or space an item. In addition to px
, CSS has a number of different length unit options that you can use.
The two main types of length units are absolute and relative. Absolute units tie to physical units of length. For example, in
and mm
refer to inches and millimeters, respectively. Absolute length units approximate the actual measurement on a screen, but there are some differences depending on a screen's resolution.
Relative units, such as em
or rem
, are relative to another length value. For example, em
is based on the size of an element's font. If you use it to set the font-size
property itself, it's relative to the parent's font-size
.
-Note
There are several relative unit options that are tied to the size of the viewport. They are covered in the Responsive Web Design Principles section.
+Note: There are several relative unit options that are tied to the size of the viewport. They are covered in the Responsive Web Design Principles section.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/add-images-to-your-website.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/add-images-to-your-website.english.md
index 02b093a178..fde6699cb3 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/add-images-to-your-website.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/add-images-to-your-website.english.md
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ An example of this would be:
<img src="https://www.your-image-source.com/your-image.jpg">
Note that img
elements are self-closing.
All img
elements must have an alt
attribute. The text inside an alt
attribute is used for screen readers to improve accessibility and is displayed if the image fails to load.
-Note: If the image is purely decorative, using an empty alt
attribute is a best practice.
+Note: If the image is purely decorative, using an empty alt
attribute is a best practice.
Ideally the alt
attribute should not contain special characters unless needed.
Let's add an alt
attribute to our img
example above:
<img src="https://www.your-image-source.com/your-image.jpg" alt="Author standing on a beach with two thumbs up.">
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/inform-with-the-paragraph-element.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/inform-with-the-paragraph-element.english.md
index d6d7c2fc35..2a5285ae8e 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/inform-with-the-paragraph-element.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/inform-with-the-paragraph-element.english.md
@@ -15,8 +15,7 @@ You can create a paragraph element like this:
## Instructions
Create a p
element below your h2
element, and give it the text "Hello Paragraph".
-Note:
-As a convention, all HTML tags are written in lowercase, for example <p></p>
and not <P></P>
.
+Note: As a convention, all HTML tags are written in lowercase, for example <p></p>
and not <P></P>
.
## Tests
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/introduction-to-html5-elements.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/introduction-to-html5-elements.english.md
index 6aef36ecbd..8de304f401 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/introduction-to-html5-elements.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/basic-html-and-html5/introduction-to-html5-elements.english.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/p/pVMPUv/c4Ep9Am'
HTML5 introduces more descriptive HTML tags. These include header
, footer
, nav
, video
, article
, section
and others.
These tags make your HTML easier to read, and also help with Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and accessibility.
The main
HTML5 tag helps search engines and other developers find the main content of your page.
-Note
Many of the new HTML5 tags and their benefits are covered in the Applied Accessibility section.
+Note: Many of the new HTML5 tags and their benefits are covered in the Applied Accessibility section.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-flexbox/use-the-flex-direction-property-to-make-a-row.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-flexbox/use-the-flex-direction-property-to-make-a-row.english.md
index 921f9aa625..acd7dbdb7b 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-flexbox/use-the-flex-direction-property-to-make-a-row.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-flexbox/use-the-flex-direction-property-to-make-a-row.english.md
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/p/pVaDAv/cBEkbfJ'
Adding display: flex
to an element turns it into a flex container. This makes it possible to align any children of that element into rows or columns. You do this by adding the flex-direction
property to the parent item and setting it to row or column. Creating a row will align the children horizontally, and creating a column will align the children vertically.
Other options for flex-direction
are row-reverse and column-reverse.
-Note
The default value for the flex-direction
property is row
.
+Note: The default value for the flex-direction
property is row
.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-flexible-layouts-using-auto-fill.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-flexible-layouts-using-auto-fill.english.md
index 5443ade809..696552f5b2 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-flexible-layouts-using-auto-fill.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-flexible-layouts-using-auto-fill.english.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/p/pByETK/cmzdycW'
The repeat function comes with an option called auto-fill. This allows you to automatically insert as many rows or columns of your desired size as possible depending on the size of the container. You can create flexible layouts when combining auto-fill
with minmax
, like this:
repeat(auto-fill, minmax(60px, 1fr));
When the container changes size, this setup keeps inserting 60px columns and stretching them until it can insert another one.
-Note
If your container can't fit all your items on one row, it will move them down to a new one.
+Note: If your container can't fit all your items on one row, it will move them down to a new one.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-flexible-layouts-using-auto-fit.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-flexible-layouts-using-auto-fit.english.md
index f8126a4a90..ccb454f1f4 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-flexible-layouts-using-auto-fit.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-flexible-layouts-using-auto-fit.english.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/p/pByETK/c3dPph8'
## Description
auto-fit
works almost identically to auto-fill
. The only difference is that when the container's size exceeds the size of all the items combined, auto-fill
keeps inserting empty rows or columns and pushes your items to the side, while auto-fit
collapses those empty rows or columns and stretches your items to fit the size of the container.
-Note
If your container can't fit all your items on one row, it will move them down to a new one.
+Note: If your container can't fit all your items on one row, it will move them down to a new one.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-your-first-css-grid.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-your-first-css-grid.english.md
index 62e47e39db..29f76de41f 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-your-first-css-grid.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/create-your-first-css-grid.english.md
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/p/pByETK/cqwREC4'
## Description
Turn any HTML element into a grid container by setting its display
property to grid
. This gives you the ability to use all the other properties associated with CSS Grid.
-Note
In CSS Grid, the parent element is referred to as the container and its children are called items.
+Note: In CSS Grid, the parent element is referred to as the container and its children are called items.
## Instructions
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/divide-the-grid-into-an-area-template.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/divide-the-grid-into-an-area-template.english.md
index 0fbf8c7e08..68866e84b6 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/divide-the-grid-into-an-area-template.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/divide-the-grid-into-an-area-template.english.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ videoUrl: 'https://scrimba.com/p/pByETK/cLLpGAy'
You can group cells of your grid together into an area and give the area a custom name. Do this by using grid-template-areas
on the container like this:
grid-template-areas:
"header header header"
"advert content content"
"footer footer footer";
The code above merges the top three cells together into an area named header
, the bottom three cells into a footer
area, and it makes two areas in the middle row; advert
and content
.
-Note
Every word in the code represents a cell and every pair of quotation marks represent a row.
+Note: Every word in the code represents a cell and every pair of quotation marks represent a row.
In addition to custom labels, you can use a period (.
) to designate an empty cell in the grid.
diff --git a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/reduce-repetition-using-the-repeat-function.english.md b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/reduce-repetition-using-the-repeat-function.english.md
index f67860c917..b432acce9b 100644
--- a/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/reduce-repetition-using-the-repeat-function.english.md
+++ b/curriculum/challenges/english/01-responsive-web-design/css-grid/reduce-repetition-using-the-repeat-function.english.md
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ You can also repeat multiple values with the repeat function and insert the func
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr 50px) 20px;
This translates to:
grid-template-columns: 1fr 50px 1fr 50px 20px;
-Note
1fr 50px
is repeated twice followed by 20px.
+Note: The 1fr 50px
is repeated twice followed by 20px.
## Instructions