--- id: 5a23c84252665b21eecc7ed2 title: ナップサック問題 / 個数制限付き challengeType: 5 forumTopicId: 323652 dashedName: knapsack-problembounded --- # --description-- 個数制限付きナップサック問題は以下のように定義されます。 ナップサックに入れるアイテムを表すオブジェクトの配列が与えられます。 オブジェクトにはアイテム名、ピース (特定のアイテムの数)、重量、価値の 4 つの属性があります。 総重量が最大重量を超えず、価値が最大化されるようにアイテムを選択する必要があります。 各アイテムは 0 ~ `pieces` 回の範囲で選択できることに注意してください。 # --instructions-- ナップサック問題を解決するための関数を記述してください。 この関数には、オブジェクトの配列と最大重量がパラメータとして与えられます。 価値の合計が最大となる値を返す必要があります。 # --hints-- `findBestPack([{ name:'map', weight:9, value:150, pieces:1 }, { name:'compass', weight:13, value:35, pieces:1 }, { name:'water', weight:153, value:200, pieces:2 }, { name:'sandwich', weight:50, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'glucose', weight:15, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'tin', weight:68, value:45, pieces:3 }, { name:'banana', weight:27, value:60, pieces:3 }, { name:'apple', weight:39, value:40, pieces:3 }, { name:'cheese', weight:23, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'beer', weight:52, value:10, pieces:3 }, { name:'suntan, cream', weight:11, value:70, pieces:1 }, { name:'camera', weight:32, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'T-shirt', weight:24, value:15, pieces:2 }], 300)` は `755` を返す必要があります。 ```js assert.equal( findBestPack( [ { name: 'map', weight: 9, value: 150, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'compass', weight: 13, value: 35, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'water', weight: 153, value: 200, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'sandwich', weight: 50, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'glucose', weight: 15, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'tin', weight: 68, value: 45, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'banana', weight: 27, value: 60, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'apple', weight: 39, value: 40, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'cheese', weight: 23, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'beer', weight: 52, value: 10, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'suntan, cream', weight: 11, value: 70, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'camera', weight: 32, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'T-shirt', weight: 24, value: 15, pieces: 2 } ], 300 ), 755 ); ``` `findBestPack([{ name:'map', weight:9, value:150, pieces:1 }, { name:'compass', weight:13, value:35, pieces:1 }, { name:'water', weight:153, value:200, pieces:2 }, { name:'sandwich', weight:50, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'glucose', weight:15, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'tin', weight:68, value:45, pieces:3 }, { name:'banana', weight:27, value:60, pieces:3 }, { name:'apple', weight:39, value:40, pieces:3 }, { name:'cheese', weight:23, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'beer', weight:52, value:10, pieces:3 }, { name:'suntan, cream', weight:11, value:70, pieces:1 }, { name:'camera', weight:32, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'T-shirt', weight:24, value:15, pieces:2 }], 400)` は `875` を返す必要があります。 ```js assert.equal( findBestPack( [ { name: 'map', weight: 9, value: 150, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'compass', weight: 13, value: 35, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'water', weight: 153, value: 200, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'sandwich', weight: 50, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'glucose', weight: 15, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'tin', weight: 68, value: 45, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'banana', weight: 27, value: 60, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'apple', weight: 39, value: 40, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'cheese', weight: 23, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'beer', weight: 52, value: 10, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'suntan, cream', weight: 11, value: 70, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'camera', weight: 32, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'T-shirt', weight: 24, value: 15, pieces: 2 } ], 400 ), 875 ); ``` `findBestPack([{ name:'map', weight:9, value:150, pieces:1 }, { name:'compass', weight:13, value:35, pieces:1 }, { name:'water', weight:153, value:200, pieces:2 }, { name:'sandwich', weight:50, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'glucose', weight:15, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'tin', weight:68, value:45, pieces:3 }, { name:'banana', weight:27, value:60, pieces:3 }, { name:'apple', weight:39, value:40, pieces:3 }, { name:'cheese', weight:23, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'beer', weight:52, value:10, pieces:3 }, { name:'suntan, cream', weight:11, value:70, pieces:1 }, { name:'camera', weight:32, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'T-shirt', weight:24, value:15, pieces:2 }], 500)` は `1015` を返す必要があります。 ```js assert.equal( findBestPack( [ { name: 'map', weight: 9, value: 150, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'compass', weight: 13, value: 35, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'water', weight: 153, value: 200, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'sandwich', weight: 50, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'glucose', weight: 15, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'tin', weight: 68, value: 45, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'banana', weight: 27, value: 60, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'apple', weight: 39, value: 40, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'cheese', weight: 23, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'beer', weight: 52, value: 10, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'suntan, cream', weight: 11, value: 70, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'camera', weight: 32, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'T-shirt', weight: 24, value: 15, pieces: 2 } ], 500 ), 1015 ); ``` `findBestPack([{ name:'map', weight:9, value:150, pieces:1 }, { name:'compass', weight:13, value:35, pieces:1 }, { name:'water', weight:153, value:200, pieces:2 }, { name:'sandwich', weight:50, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'glucose', weight:15, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'tin', weight:68, value:45, pieces:3 }, { name:'banana', weight:27, value:60, pieces:3 }, { name:'apple', weight:39, value:40, pieces:3 }, { name:'cheese', weight:23, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'beer', weight:52, value:10, pieces:3 }, { name:'suntan, cream', weight:11, value:70, pieces:1 }, { name:'camera', weight:32, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'T-shirt', weight:24, value:15, pieces:2 }], 600)` は `1120` を返す必要があります。 ```js assert.equal( findBestPack( [ { name: 'map', weight: 9, value: 150, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'compass', weight: 13, value: 35, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'water', weight: 153, value: 200, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'sandwich', weight: 50, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'glucose', weight: 15, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'tin', weight: 68, value: 45, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'banana', weight: 27, value: 60, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'apple', weight: 39, value: 40, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'cheese', weight: 23, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'beer', weight: 52, value: 10, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'suntan, cream', weight: 11, value: 70, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'camera', weight: 32, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'T-shirt', weight: 24, value: 15, pieces: 2 } ], 600 ), 1120 ); ``` `findBestPack([{ name:'map', weight:9, value:150, pieces:1 }, { name:'compass', weight:13, value:35, pieces:1 }, { name:'water', weight:153, value:200, pieces:2 }, { name:'sandwich', weight:50, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'glucose', weight:15, value:60, pieces:2 }, { name:'tin', weight:68, value:45, pieces:3 }, { name:'banana', weight:27, value:60, pieces:3 }, { name:'apple', weight:39, value:40, pieces:3 }, { name:'cheese', weight:23, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'beer', weight:52, value:10, pieces:3 }, { name:'suntan, cream', weight:11, value:70, pieces:1 }, { name:'camera', weight:32, value:30, pieces:1 }, { name:'T-shirt', weight:24, value:15, pieces:2 }], 700)` は `1225` を返す必要があります。 ```js assert.equal( findBestPack( [ { name: 'map', weight: 9, value: 150, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'compass', weight: 13, value: 35, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'water', weight: 153, value: 200, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'sandwich', weight: 50, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'glucose', weight: 15, value: 60, pieces: 2 }, { name: 'tin', weight: 68, value: 45, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'banana', weight: 27, value: 60, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'apple', weight: 39, value: 40, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'cheese', weight: 23, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'beer', weight: 52, value: 10, pieces: 3 }, { name: 'suntan, cream', weight: 11, value: 70, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'camera', weight: 32, value: 30, pieces: 1 }, { name: 'T-shirt', weight: 24, value: 15, pieces: 2 } ], 700 ), 1225 ); ``` # --seed-- ## --seed-contents-- ```js function findBestPack(data, maxweight) { } ``` # --solutions-- ```js function findBestPack(data, maxweight) { var m = [[0]]; // maximum pack value found so far var b = [[0]]; // best combination found so far var opts = [0]; // item index for 0 of item 0 var P = [1]; // item encoding for 0 of item 0 var choose = 0; for (var j = 0; j < data.length; j++) { opts[j + 1] = opts[j] + data[j].pieces; // item index for 0 of item j+1 P[j + 1] = P[j] * (1 + data[j].pieces); // item encoding for 0 of item j+1 } for (var j = 0; j < opts[data.length]; j++) { m[0][j + 1] = b[0][j + 1] = 0; // best values and combos for empty pack: nothing } for (var w = 1; w <= maxweight; w++) { m[w] = [0]; b[w] = [0]; for (var j = 0; j < data.length; j++) { var N = data[j].pieces; // how many of these can we have? var base = opts[j]; // what is the item index for 0 of these? for (var n = 1; n <= N; n++) { var W = n * data[j].weight; // how much do these items weigh? var s = w >= W ? 1 : 0; // can we carry this many? var v = s * n * data[j].value; // how much are they worth? var I = base + n; // what is the item number for this many? var wN = w - s * W; // how much other stuff can we be carrying? var C = n * P[j] + b[wN][base]; // encoded combination m[w][I] = Math.max(m[w][I - 1], v + m[wN][base]); // best value choose = b[w][I] = m[w][I] > m[w][I - 1] ? C : b[w][I - 1]; } } } var best = []; for (var j = data.length - 1; j >= 0; j--) { best[j] = Math.floor(choose / P[j]); choose -= best[j] * P[j]; } var wgt = 0; var val = 0; for (var i = 0; i < best.length; i++) { if (0 == best[i]) continue; wgt += best[i] * data[i].weight; val += best[i] * data[i].value; } return val; } ```