core, eth/downloader: commit block data using batches (#15115)

* ethdb: add Putter interface and Has method

* ethdb: improve docs and add IdealBatchSize

* ethdb: remove memory batch lock

Batches are not safe for concurrent use.

* core: use ethdb.Putter for Write* functions

This covers the easy cases.

* core/state: simplify StateSync

* trie: optimize local node check

* ethdb: add ValueSize to Batch

* core: optimize HasHeader check

This avoids one random database read get the block number. For many uses
of HasHeader, the expectation is that it's actually there. Using Has
avoids a load + decode of the value.

* core: write fast sync block data in batches

Collect writes into batches up to the ideal size instead of issuing many
small, concurrent writes.

* eth/downloader: commit larger state batches

Collect nodes into a batch up to the ideal size instead of committing
whenever a node is received.

* core: optimize HasBlock check

This avoids a random database read to get the number.

* core: use numberCache in HasHeader

numberCache has higher capacity, increasing the odds of finding the
header without a database lookup.

* core: write imported block data using a batch

Restore batch writes of state and add blocks, tx entries, receipts to
the same batch. The change also simplifies the miner.

This commit also removes posting of logs when a forked block is imported.

* core: fix DB write error handling

* ethdb: use RLock for Has

* core: fix HasBlock comment

eth/handler.go

@@ -609,7 +609,7 @@ func (pm *ProtocolManager) handleMsg(p *peer) error {
 		// Schedule all the unknown hashes for retrieval
 		unknown := make(newBlockHashesData, 0, len(announces))
 		for _, block := range announces {
-			if !pm.blockchain.HasBlock(block.Hash) {
+			if !pm.blockchain.HasBlock(block.Hash, block.Number) {
 				unknown = append(unknown, block)
 			}
 		}
@@ -699,7 +699,7 @@ func (pm *ProtocolManager) BroadcastBlock(block *types.Block, propagate bool) {
 		return
 	}
 	// Otherwise if the block is indeed in out own chain, announce it
-	if pm.blockchain.HasBlock(hash) {
+	if pm.blockchain.HasBlock(hash, block.NumberU64()) {
 		for _, peer := range peers {
 			peer.SendNewBlockHashes([]common.Hash{hash}, []uint64{block.NumberU64()})
 		}