cmd/geth, cmd/evm, params: implement Arrow Glacier (EIP 4345) (#23810)

This PR adds support for ArrowGlacier, as defined by

    https://github.com/ethereum/execution-specs/blob/master/network-upgrades/mainnet-upgrades/arrow-glacier.md
    https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-4345

> Starting with FORK_BLOCK_NUMBER the client will calculate the difficulty based on a fake block number suggesting to the client that the difficulty bomb is adjusting 10,700,000 blocks later than the actual block number.

This also adds support for evm t8n to return the calculated difficulty, so it can be used to construct test.

eth/backend.go

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func New(stack *node.Node, config *ethconfig.Config) (*Ethereum, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chainDb, config.Genesis, config.OverrideLondon)
+	chainConfig, genesisHash, genesisErr := core.SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(chainDb, config.Genesis, config.OverrideArrowGlacier)
 	if _, ok := genesisErr.(*params.ConfigCompatError); genesisErr != nil && !ok {
 		return nil, genesisErr
 	}

eth/ethconfig/config.go

@@ -202,8 +202,8 @@ type Config struct {
 	// CheckpointOracle is the configuration for checkpoint oracle.
 	CheckpointOracle *params.CheckpointOracleConfig `toml:",omitempty"`
 
-	// Berlin block override (TODO: remove after the fork)
-	OverrideLondon *big.Int `toml:",omitempty"`
+	// Arrow Glacier block override (TODO: remove after the fork)
+	OverrideArrowGlacier *big.Int `toml:",omitempty"`
 }
 
 // CreateConsensusEngine creates a consensus engine for the given chain configuration.

eth/ethconfig/gen_config.go

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func (c Config) MarshalTOML() (interface{}, error) {
 		RPCTxFeeCap             float64
 		Checkpoint              *params.TrustedCheckpoint      `toml:",omitempty"`
 		CheckpointOracle        *params.CheckpointOracleConfig `toml:",omitempty"`
-		OverrideLondon          *big.Int                       `toml:",omitempty"`
+		OverrideArrowGlacier    *big.Int                       `toml:",omitempty"`
 	}
 	var enc Config
 	enc.Genesis = c.Genesis
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func (c Config) MarshalTOML() (interface{}, error) {
 	enc.RPCTxFeeCap = c.RPCTxFeeCap
 	enc.Checkpoint = c.Checkpoint
 	enc.CheckpointOracle = c.CheckpointOracle
-	enc.OverrideLondon = c.OverrideLondon
+	enc.OverrideArrowGlacier = c.OverrideArrowGlacier
 	return &enc, nil
 }
 
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func (c *Config) UnmarshalTOML(unmarshal func(interface{}) error) error {
 		RPCTxFeeCap             *float64
 		Checkpoint              *params.TrustedCheckpoint      `toml:",omitempty"`
 		CheckpointOracle        *params.CheckpointOracleConfig `toml:",omitempty"`
-		OverrideLondon          *big.Int                       `toml:",omitempty"`
+		OverrideArrowGlacier    *big.Int                       `toml:",omitempty"`
 	}
 	var dec Config
 	if err := unmarshal(&dec); err != nil {
@@ -280,8 +280,8 @@ func (c *Config) UnmarshalTOML(unmarshal func(interface{}) error) error {
 	if dec.CheckpointOracle != nil {
 		c.CheckpointOracle = dec.CheckpointOracle
 	}
-	if dec.OverrideLondon != nil {
-		c.OverrideLondon = dec.OverrideLondon
+	if dec.OverrideArrowGlacier != nil {
+		c.OverrideArrowGlacier = dec.OverrideArrowGlacier
 	}
 	return nil
 }

eth/gasprice/gasprice_test.go

@@ -107,10 +107,13 @@ func newTestBackend(t *testing.T, londonBlock *big.Int, pending bool) *testBacke
 		signer = types.LatestSigner(gspec.Config)
 	)
 	config.LondonBlock = londonBlock
+	config.ArrowGlacierBlock = londonBlock
 	engine := ethash.NewFaker()
 	db := rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase()
-	genesis, _ := gspec.Commit(db)
-
+	genesis, err := gspec.Commit(db)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 	// Generate testing blocks
 	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(gspec.Config, genesis, engine, db, testHead+1, func(i int, b *core.BlockGen) {
 		b.SetCoinbase(common.Address{1})