cmd/geth, node, rpc: implement jwt tokens (#24364)

* rpc, node: refactor request validation and add jwt validation

* node, rpc: fix error message, ignore engine api in RegisterAPIs

* node: make authenticated port configurable

* eth/catalyst: enable unauthenticated version of engine api

* node: rework obtainjwtsecret (backport later)

* cmd/geth: added auth port flag

* node: happy lint, happy life

* node: refactor authenticated api

Modifies the authentication mechanism to use default values

* node: trim spaces and newline away from secret

Co-authored-by: Marius van der Wijden <m.vanderwijden@live.de>

node/endpoints.go

@@ -60,8 +60,10 @@ func checkModuleAvailability(modules []string, apis []rpc.API) (bad, available [
 		}
 	}
 	for _, name := range modules {
-		if _, ok := availableSet[name]; !ok && name != rpc.MetadataApi {
-			bad = append(bad, name)
+		if _, ok := availableSet[name]; !ok {
+			if name != rpc.MetadataApi && name != rpc.EngineApi {
+				bad = append(bad, name)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return bad, available