core, trie: new trie
This commit is contained in:
653
trie/trie.go
653
trie/trie.go
@ -19,372 +19,425 @@ package trie
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import (
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"bytes"
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"container/list"
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"errors"
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"fmt"
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"sync"
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"hash"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/sha3"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger/glog"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
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)
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func ParanoiaCheck(t1 *Trie, backend Backend) (bool, *Trie) {
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t2 := New(nil, backend)
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const defaultCacheCapacity = 800
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it := t1.Iterator()
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for it.Next() {
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t2.Update(it.Key, it.Value)
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}
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var (
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// The global cache stores decoded trie nodes by hash as they get loaded.
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globalCache = newARC(defaultCacheCapacity)
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// This is the known root hash of an empty trie.
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emptyRoot = common.HexToHash("56e81f171bcc55a6ff8345e692c0f86e5b48e01b996cadc001622fb5e363b421")
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)
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return bytes.Equal(t2.Hash(), t1.Hash()), t2
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var ErrMissingRoot = errors.New("missing root node")
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// Database must be implemented by backing stores for the trie.
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type Database interface {
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DatabaseWriter
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// Get returns the value for key from the database.
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Get(key []byte) (value []byte, err error)
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}
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// DatabaseWriter wraps the Put method of a backing store for the trie.
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type DatabaseWriter interface {
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// Put stores the mapping key->value in the database.
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// Implementations must not hold onto the value bytes, the trie
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// will reuse the slice across calls to Put.
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Put(key, value []byte) error
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}
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// Trie is a Merkle Patricia Trie.
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// The zero value is an empty trie with no database.
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// Use New to create a trie that sits on top of a database.
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//
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// Trie is not safe for concurrent use.
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type Trie struct {
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mu sync.Mutex
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root Node
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roothash []byte
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cache *Cache
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revisions *list.List
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root node
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db Database
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*hasher
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}
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func New(root []byte, backend Backend) *Trie {
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trie := &Trie{}
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trie.revisions = list.New()
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trie.roothash = root
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if backend != nil {
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trie.cache = NewCache(backend)
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}
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if root != nil {
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value := common.NewValueFromBytes(trie.cache.Get(root))
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trie.root = trie.mknode(value)
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}
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return trie
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}
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func (self *Trie) Iterator() *Iterator {
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return NewIterator(self)
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}
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func (self *Trie) Copy() *Trie {
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cpy := make([]byte, 32)
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copy(cpy, self.roothash) // NOTE: cpy isn't being used anywhere?
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trie := New(nil, nil)
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trie.cache = self.cache.Copy()
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if self.root != nil {
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trie.root = self.root.Copy(trie)
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}
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return trie
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}
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// Legacy support
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func (self *Trie) Root() []byte { return self.Hash() }
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func (self *Trie) Hash() []byte {
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var hash []byte
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if self.root != nil {
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t := self.root.Hash()
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if byts, ok := t.([]byte); ok && len(byts) > 0 {
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hash = byts
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} else {
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hash = crypto.Sha3(common.Encode(self.root.RlpData()))
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// New creates a trie with an existing root node from db.
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//
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// If root is the zero hash or the sha3 hash of an empty string, the
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// trie is initially empty and does not require a database. Otherwise,
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// New will panics if db is nil or root does not exist in the
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// database. Accessing the trie loads nodes from db on demand.
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func New(root common.Hash, db Database) (*Trie, error) {
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trie := &Trie{db: db}
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if (root != common.Hash{}) && root != emptyRoot {
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if db == nil {
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panic("trie.New: cannot use existing root without a database")
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}
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} else {
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hash = crypto.Sha3(common.Encode(""))
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if v, _ := trie.db.Get(root[:]); len(v) == 0 {
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return nil, ErrMissingRoot
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}
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trie.root = hashNode(root.Bytes())
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}
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if !bytes.Equal(hash, self.roothash) {
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self.revisions.PushBack(self.roothash)
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self.roothash = hash
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}
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return hash
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}
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func (self *Trie) Commit() {
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self.mu.Lock()
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defer self.mu.Unlock()
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// Hash first
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self.Hash()
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self.cache.Flush()
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return trie, nil
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}
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// Reset should only be called if the trie has been hashed
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func (self *Trie) Reset() {
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self.mu.Lock()
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defer self.mu.Unlock()
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self.cache.Reset()
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if self.revisions.Len() > 0 {
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revision := self.revisions.Remove(self.revisions.Back()).([]byte)
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self.roothash = revision
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}
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value := common.NewValueFromBytes(self.cache.Get(self.roothash))
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self.root = self.mknode(value)
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// Iterator returns an iterator over all mappings in the trie.
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func (t *Trie) Iterator() *Iterator {
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return NewIterator(t)
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}
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func (self *Trie) UpdateString(key, value string) Node { return self.Update([]byte(key), []byte(value)) }
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func (self *Trie) Update(key, value []byte) Node {
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self.mu.Lock()
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defer self.mu.Unlock()
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k := CompactHexDecode(key)
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// Get returns the value for key stored in the trie.
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// The value bytes must not be modified by the caller.
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func (t *Trie) Get(key []byte) []byte {
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key = compactHexDecode(key)
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tn := t.root
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for len(key) > 0 {
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switch n := tn.(type) {
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case shortNode:
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if len(key) < len(n.Key) || !bytes.Equal(n.Key, key[:len(n.Key)]) {
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return nil
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}
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tn = n.Val
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key = key[len(n.Key):]
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case fullNode:
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tn = n[key[0]]
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key = key[1:]
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case nil:
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return nil
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case hashNode:
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tn = t.resolveHash(n)
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default:
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panic(fmt.Sprintf("%T: invalid node: %v", tn, tn))
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}
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}
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return tn.(valueNode)
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}
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// Update associates key with value in the trie. Subsequent calls to
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// Get will return value. If value has length zero, any existing value
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// is deleted from the trie and calls to Get will return nil.
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//
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// The value bytes must not be modified by the caller while they are
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// stored in the trie.
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func (t *Trie) Update(key, value []byte) {
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k := compactHexDecode(key)
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if len(value) != 0 {
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node := NewValueNode(self, value)
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node.dirty = true
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self.root = self.insert(self.root, k, node)
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t.root = t.insert(t.root, k, valueNode(value))
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} else {
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self.root = self.delete(self.root, k)
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t.root = t.delete(t.root, k)
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}
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return self.root
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}
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func (self *Trie) GetString(key string) []byte { return self.Get([]byte(key)) }
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func (self *Trie) Get(key []byte) []byte {
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self.mu.Lock()
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defer self.mu.Unlock()
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k := CompactHexDecode(key)
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n := self.get(self.root, k)
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if n != nil {
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return n.(*ValueNode).Val()
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}
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return nil
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}
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func (self *Trie) DeleteString(key string) Node { return self.Delete([]byte(key)) }
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func (self *Trie) Delete(key []byte) Node {
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self.mu.Lock()
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defer self.mu.Unlock()
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k := CompactHexDecode(key)
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self.root = self.delete(self.root, k)
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return self.root
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}
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func (self *Trie) insert(node Node, key []byte, value Node) Node {
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func (t *Trie) insert(n node, key []byte, value node) node {
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if len(key) == 0 {
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return value
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}
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if node == nil {
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node := NewShortNode(self, key, value)
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node.dirty = true
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return node
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}
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switch node := node.(type) {
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case *ShortNode:
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k := node.Key()
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cnode := node.Value()
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if bytes.Equal(k, key) {
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node := NewShortNode(self, key, value)
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node.dirty = true
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return node
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switch n := n.(type) {
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case shortNode:
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matchlen := prefixLen(key, n.Key)
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// If the whole key matches, keep this short node as is
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// and only update the value.
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if matchlen == len(n.Key) {
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return shortNode{n.Key, t.insert(n.Val, key[matchlen:], value)}
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}
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var n Node
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matchlength := MatchingNibbleLength(key, k)
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if matchlength == len(k) {
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n = self.insert(cnode, key[matchlength:], value)
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} else {
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pnode := self.insert(nil, k[matchlength+1:], cnode)
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nnode := self.insert(nil, key[matchlength+1:], value)
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fulln := NewFullNode(self)
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fulln.dirty = true
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fulln.set(k[matchlength], pnode)
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fulln.set(key[matchlength], nnode)
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n = fulln
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}
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if matchlength == 0 {
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return n
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// Otherwise branch out at the index where they differ.
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var branch fullNode
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branch[n.Key[matchlen]] = t.insert(nil, n.Key[matchlen+1:], n.Val)
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branch[key[matchlen]] = t.insert(nil, key[matchlen+1:], value)
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// Replace this shortNode with the branch if it occurs at index 0.
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if matchlen == 0 {
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return branch
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}
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// Otherwise, replace it with a short node leading up to the branch.
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return shortNode{key[:matchlen], branch}
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snode := NewShortNode(self, key[:matchlength], n)
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snode.dirty = true
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return snode
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case fullNode:
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n[key[0]] = t.insert(n[key[0]], key[1:], value)
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return n
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case *FullNode:
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cpy := node.Copy(self).(*FullNode)
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cpy.set(key[0], self.insert(node.branch(key[0]), key[1:], value))
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cpy.dirty = true
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case nil:
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return shortNode{key, value}
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return cpy
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case hashNode:
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// We've hit a part of the trie that isn't loaded yet. Load
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// the node and insert into it. This leaves all child nodes on
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// the path to the value in the trie.
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//
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// TODO: track whether insertion changed the value and keep
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// n as a hash node if it didn't.
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return t.insert(t.resolveHash(n), key, value)
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default:
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panic(fmt.Sprintf("%T: invalid node: %v", node, node))
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panic(fmt.Sprintf("%T: invalid node: %v", n, n))
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}
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}
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func (self *Trie) get(node Node, key []byte) Node {
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if len(key) == 0 {
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return node
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}
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if node == nil {
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return nil
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}
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switch node := node.(type) {
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case *ShortNode:
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k := node.Key()
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cnode := node.Value()
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if len(key) >= len(k) && bytes.Equal(k, key[:len(k)]) {
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return self.get(cnode, key[len(k):])
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}
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return nil
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case *FullNode:
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return self.get(node.branch(key[0]), key[1:])
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default:
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panic(fmt.Sprintf("%T: invalid node: %v", node, node))
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}
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// Delete removes any existing value for key from the trie.
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func (t *Trie) Delete(key []byte) {
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k := compactHexDecode(key)
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t.root = t.delete(t.root, k)
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}
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func (self *Trie) delete(node Node, key []byte) Node {
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if len(key) == 0 && node == nil {
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return nil
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}
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switch node := node.(type) {
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case *ShortNode:
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k := node.Key()
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cnode := node.Value()
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if bytes.Equal(key, k) {
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return nil
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} else if bytes.Equal(key[:len(k)], k) {
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child := self.delete(cnode, key[len(k):])
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var n Node
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switch child := child.(type) {
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case *ShortNode:
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nkey := append(k, child.Key()...)
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n = NewShortNode(self, nkey, child.Value())
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n.(*ShortNode).dirty = true
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case *FullNode:
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sn := NewShortNode(self, node.Key(), child)
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sn.dirty = true
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sn.key = node.key
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n = sn
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}
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return n
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} else {
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return node
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// delete returns the new root of the trie with key deleted.
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// It reduces the trie to minimal form by simplifying
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// nodes on the way up after deleting recursively.
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func (t *Trie) delete(n node, key []byte) node {
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switch n := n.(type) {
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case shortNode:
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matchlen := prefixLen(key, n.Key)
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if matchlen < len(n.Key) {
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return n // don't replace n on mismatch
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}
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if matchlen == len(key) {
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return nil // remove n entirely for whole matches
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}
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// The key is longer than n.Key. Remove the remaining suffix
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// from the subtrie. Child can never be nil here since the
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// subtrie must contain at least two other values with keys
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// longer than n.Key.
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child := t.delete(n.Val, key[len(n.Key):])
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switch child := child.(type) {
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case shortNode:
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// Deleting from the subtrie reduced it to another
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// short node. Merge the nodes to avoid creating a
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// shortNode{..., shortNode{...}}. Use concat (which
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// always creates a new slice) instead of append to
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// avoid modifying n.Key since it might be shared with
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// other nodes.
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return shortNode{concat(n.Key, child.Key...), child.Val}
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default:
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return shortNode{n.Key, child}
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}
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case *FullNode:
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n := node.Copy(self).(*FullNode)
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n.set(key[0], self.delete(n.branch(key[0]), key[1:]))
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n.dirty = true
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case fullNode:
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n[key[0]] = t.delete(n[key[0]], key[1:])
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// Check how many non-nil entries are left after deleting and
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// reduce the full node to a short node if only one entry is
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// left. Since n must've contained at least two children
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// before deletion (otherwise it would not be a full node) n
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// can never be reduced to nil.
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//
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// When the loop is done, pos contains the index of the single
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// value that is left in n or -2 if n contains at least two
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// values.
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pos := -1
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for i := 0; i < 17; i++ {
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if n.branch(byte(i)) != nil {
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for i, cld := range n {
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if cld != nil {
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if pos == -1 {
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pos = i
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} else {
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pos = -2
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break
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}
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}
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}
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var nnode Node
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if pos == 16 {
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nnode = NewShortNode(self, []byte{16}, n.branch(byte(pos)))
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nnode.(*ShortNode).dirty = true
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} else if pos >= 0 {
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cnode := n.branch(byte(pos))
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switch cnode := cnode.(type) {
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case *ShortNode:
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// Stitch keys
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k := append([]byte{byte(pos)}, cnode.Key()...)
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nnode = NewShortNode(self, k, cnode.Value())
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nnode.(*ShortNode).dirty = true
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case *FullNode:
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nnode = NewShortNode(self, []byte{byte(pos)}, n.branch(byte(pos)))
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nnode.(*ShortNode).dirty = true
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if pos >= 0 {
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if pos != 16 {
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// If the remaining entry is a short node, it replaces
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// n and its key gets the missing nibble tacked to the
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// front. This avoids creating an invalid
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// shortNode{..., shortNode{...}}. Since the entry
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// might not be loaded yet, resolve it just for this
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// check.
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cnode := t.resolve(n[pos])
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if cnode, ok := cnode.(shortNode); ok {
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k := append([]byte{byte(pos)}, cnode.Key...)
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return shortNode{k, cnode.Val}
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}
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}
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} else {
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nnode = n
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// Otherwise, n is replaced by a one-nibble short node
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// containing the child.
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return shortNode{[]byte{byte(pos)}, n[pos]}
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}
|
||||
// n still contains at least two values and cannot be reduced.
|
||||
return n
|
||||
|
||||
return nnode
|
||||
case nil:
|
||||
return nil
|
||||
|
||||
case hashNode:
|
||||
// We've hit a part of the trie that isn't loaded yet. Load
|
||||
// the node and delete from it. This leaves all child nodes on
|
||||
// the path to the value in the trie.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// TODO: track whether deletion actually hit a key and keep
|
||||
// n as a hash node if it didn't.
|
||||
return t.delete(t.resolveHash(n), key)
|
||||
|
||||
default:
|
||||
panic(fmt.Sprintf("%T: invalid node: %v (%v)", node, node, key))
|
||||
panic(fmt.Sprintf("%T: invalid node: %v (%v)", n, n, key))
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// casting functions and cache storing
|
||||
func (self *Trie) mknode(value *common.Value) Node {
|
||||
l := value.Len()
|
||||
switch l {
|
||||
case 0:
|
||||
func concat(s1 []byte, s2 ...byte) []byte {
|
||||
r := make([]byte, len(s1)+len(s2))
|
||||
copy(r, s1)
|
||||
copy(r[len(s1):], s2)
|
||||
return r
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (t *Trie) resolve(n node) node {
|
||||
if n, ok := n.(hashNode); ok {
|
||||
return t.resolveHash(n)
|
||||
}
|
||||
return n
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (t *Trie) resolveHash(n hashNode) node {
|
||||
if v, ok := globalCache.Get(n); ok {
|
||||
return v
|
||||
}
|
||||
enc, err := t.db.Get(n)
|
||||
if err != nil || enc == nil {
|
||||
// TODO: This needs to be improved to properly distinguish errors.
|
||||
// Disk I/O errors shouldn't produce nil (and cause a
|
||||
// consensus failure or weird crash), but it is unclear how
|
||||
// they could be handled because the entire stack above the trie isn't
|
||||
// prepared to cope with missing state nodes.
|
||||
if glog.V(logger.Error) {
|
||||
glog.Errorf("Dangling hash node ref %x: %v", n, err)
|
||||
}
|
||||
return nil
|
||||
case 2:
|
||||
// A value node may consists of 2 bytes.
|
||||
if value.Get(0).Len() != 0 {
|
||||
key := CompactDecode(value.Get(0).Bytes())
|
||||
if key[len(key)-1] == 16 {
|
||||
return NewShortNode(self, key, NewValueNode(self, value.Get(1).Bytes()))
|
||||
}
|
||||
dec := mustDecodeNode(n, enc)
|
||||
if dec != nil {
|
||||
globalCache.Put(n, dec)
|
||||
}
|
||||
return dec
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Root returns the root hash of the trie.
|
||||
// Deprecated: use Hash instead.
|
||||
func (t *Trie) Root() []byte { return t.Hash().Bytes() }
|
||||
|
||||
// Hash returns the root hash of the trie. It does not write to the
|
||||
// database and can be used even if the trie doesn't have one.
|
||||
func (t *Trie) Hash() common.Hash {
|
||||
root, _ := t.hashRoot(nil)
|
||||
return common.BytesToHash(root.(hashNode))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// Commit writes all nodes to the trie's database.
|
||||
// Nodes are stored with their sha3 hash as the key.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Committing flushes nodes from memory.
|
||||
// Subsequent Get calls will load nodes from the database.
|
||||
func (t *Trie) Commit() (root common.Hash, err error) {
|
||||
if t.db == nil {
|
||||
panic("Commit called on trie with nil database")
|
||||
}
|
||||
return t.CommitTo(t.db)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// CommitTo writes all nodes to the given database.
|
||||
// Nodes are stored with their sha3 hash as the key.
|
||||
//
|
||||
// Committing flushes nodes from memory. Subsequent Get calls will
|
||||
// load nodes from the trie's database. Calling code must ensure that
|
||||
// the changes made to db are written back to the trie's attached
|
||||
// database before using the trie.
|
||||
func (t *Trie) CommitTo(db DatabaseWriter) (root common.Hash, err error) {
|
||||
n, err := t.hashRoot(db)
|
||||
if err != nil {
|
||||
return (common.Hash{}), err
|
||||
}
|
||||
t.root = n
|
||||
return common.BytesToHash(n.(hashNode)), nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (t *Trie) hashRoot(db DatabaseWriter) (node, error) {
|
||||
if t.root == nil {
|
||||
return hashNode(emptyRoot.Bytes()), nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
if t.hasher == nil {
|
||||
t.hasher = newHasher()
|
||||
}
|
||||
return t.hasher.hash(t.root, db, true)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
type hasher struct {
|
||||
tmp *bytes.Buffer
|
||||
sha hash.Hash
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func newHasher() *hasher {
|
||||
return &hasher{tmp: new(bytes.Buffer), sha: sha3.NewKeccak256()}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (h *hasher) hash(n node, db DatabaseWriter, force bool) (node, error) {
|
||||
hashed, err := h.replaceChildren(n, db)
|
||||
if err != nil {
|
||||
return hashNode{}, err
|
||||
}
|
||||
if n, err = h.store(hashed, db, force); err != nil {
|
||||
return hashNode{}, err
|
||||
}
|
||||
return n, nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
// hashChildren replaces child nodes of n with their hashes if the encoded
|
||||
// size of the child is larger than a hash.
|
||||
func (h *hasher) replaceChildren(n node, db DatabaseWriter) (node, error) {
|
||||
var err error
|
||||
switch n := n.(type) {
|
||||
case shortNode:
|
||||
n.Key = compactEncode(n.Key)
|
||||
if _, ok := n.Val.(valueNode); !ok {
|
||||
if n.Val, err = h.hash(n.Val, db, false); err != nil {
|
||||
return n, err
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
if n.Val == nil {
|
||||
// Ensure that nil children are encoded as empty strings.
|
||||
n.Val = valueNode(nil)
|
||||
}
|
||||
return n, nil
|
||||
case fullNode:
|
||||
for i := 0; i < 16; i++ {
|
||||
if n[i] != nil {
|
||||
if n[i], err = h.hash(n[i], db, false); err != nil {
|
||||
return n, err
|
||||
}
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
return NewShortNode(self, key, self.mknode(value.Get(1)))
|
||||
// Ensure that nil children are encoded as empty strings.
|
||||
n[i] = valueNode(nil)
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
case 17:
|
||||
if len(value.Bytes()) != 17 {
|
||||
fnode := NewFullNode(self)
|
||||
for i := 0; i < 16; i++ {
|
||||
fnode.set(byte(i), self.mknode(value.Get(i)))
|
||||
}
|
||||
return fnode
|
||||
if n[16] == nil {
|
||||
n[16] = valueNode(nil)
|
||||
}
|
||||
case 32:
|
||||
return NewHash(value.Bytes(), self)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return NewValueNode(self, value.Bytes())
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (self *Trie) trans(node Node) Node {
|
||||
switch node := node.(type) {
|
||||
case *HashNode:
|
||||
value := common.NewValueFromBytes(self.cache.Get(node.key))
|
||||
return self.mknode(value)
|
||||
return n, nil
|
||||
default:
|
||||
return node
|
||||
return n, nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (self *Trie) store(node Node) interface{} {
|
||||
data := common.Encode(node)
|
||||
if len(data) >= 32 {
|
||||
key := crypto.Sha3(data)
|
||||
if node.Dirty() {
|
||||
//fmt.Println("save", node)
|
||||
//fmt.Println()
|
||||
self.cache.Put(key, data)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return key
|
||||
func (h *hasher) store(n node, db DatabaseWriter, force bool) (node, error) {
|
||||
// Don't store hashes or empty nodes.
|
||||
if _, isHash := n.(hashNode); n == nil || isHash {
|
||||
return n, nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return node.RlpData()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
func (self *Trie) PrintRoot() {
|
||||
fmt.Println(self.root)
|
||||
fmt.Printf("root=%x\n", self.Root())
|
||||
h.tmp.Reset()
|
||||
if err := rlp.Encode(h.tmp, n); err != nil {
|
||||
panic("encode error: " + err.Error())
|
||||
}
|
||||
if h.tmp.Len() < 32 && !force {
|
||||
// Nodes smaller than 32 bytes are stored inside their parent.
|
||||
return n, nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
// Larger nodes are replaced by their hash and stored in the database.
|
||||
h.sha.Reset()
|
||||
h.sha.Write(h.tmp.Bytes())
|
||||
key := hashNode(h.sha.Sum(nil))
|
||||
if db != nil {
|
||||
err := db.Put(key, h.tmp.Bytes())
|
||||
return key, err
|
||||
}
|
||||
return key, nil
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user