info about standard trace to file (#20068)

docs/_interface/Management-APIs.md

@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ extra management API namespaces:
 |                              | [vmodule](#debug_vmodule)                         |                                     |                                          |                            |
 |                              | [writeBlockProfile](#debug_writeBlockProfile)     |                                     |                                          |                            |
 |                              | [writeMemProfile](#debug_writeMemProfile)         |                                     |                                          |                            |
+|                              | [standardTraceBlockToFile](#debug_standardTraceBlockToFile)|                             |                                          |                            | 
 
 ## Admin
 
@@ -666,8 +667,63 @@ Similar to [debug_traceBlock](#debug_traceBlock), `traceBlockFromFile` accepts a
 References:
 [RLP](https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/RLP)
 
+### debug_standardTraceBlockToFile
+
+
+When JS-based tracing (see below) was first implemented, the intended usecase was to enable long-running tracers that could stream results back via a subscription channel. 
+This method works a bit differently. (For full details, see [PR](https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pull/17914))
+
+- It streams output to disk during the execution, to not blow up the memory usage on the node
+- It uses `jsonl` as output format (to allow streaming)
+- Uses a cross-client standardized output, so called 'standard json'
+  * Uses `op` for string-representation of opcode, instead of `op`/`opName` for numeric/string, and other simlar small differences. 
+  * has `refund`
+  * Represents memory as a contiguous chunk of data, as opposed to a list of `32`-byte segments like `debug_traceTransaction`
+
+This means that this method is only 'useful' for callers who control the node -- at least sufficiently to be able to read the artefacts from the filesystem after the fact. 
+
+The method can be used to dump a certain transaction out of a given block: 
+```
+> debug.standardTraceBlockToFile("0x0bbe9f1484668a2bf159c63f0cf556ed8c8282f99e3ffdb03ad2175a863bca63", {txHash:"0x4049f61ffbb0747bb88dc1c85dd6686ebf225a3c10c282c45a8e0c644739f7e9", disableMemory:true})
+["/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-14-0x4049f61f-099048234"]
+```
+Or all txs from a block:
+```
+> debug.standardTraceBlockToFile("0x0bbe9f1484668a2bf159c63f0cf556ed8c8282f99e3ffdb03ad2175a863bca63", {disableMemory:true})
+["/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-0-0xb4502ea7-409046657", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-1-0xe839be8f-954614764", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-2-0xc6e2052f-542255195", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-3-0x01b7f3fe-209673214", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-4-0x0f290422-320999749", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-5-0x2dc0fb80-844117472", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-6-0x35542da1-256306111", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-7-0x3e199a08-086370834", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-8-0x87778b88-194603593", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-9-0xbcb081ba-629580052", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-10-0xc254381a-578605923", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-11-0xcc434d58-405931366", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-12-0xce61967d-874423181", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-13-0x05a20b35-267153288", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-14-0x4049f61f-606653767", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-15-0x46d473d2-614457338", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-16-0x35cf5500-411906321", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-17-0x79222961-278569788", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-18-0xad84e7b1-095032683", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-19-0x4bd48260-019097038", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-20-0x1517411d-292624085", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-21-0x6857e350-971385904", "/tmp/block_0x0bbe9f14-22-0xbe3ae2ca-236639695"]
+
+```
+Files are created in a temp-location, with the naming standard `block_<blockhash:4>-<txindex>-<txhash:4>-<random suffix>`. Each opcode immediately streams to file, with no in-geth buffering aside from whatever buffering the os normally does. 
+
+On the server side, it also adds some more info when regenerating historical state, namely, the reexec-number if `required historical state is not avaiable` is encountered, so a user can experiment with increasing that setting. It also prints out the remaining block until it reaches target: 
+
+```
+INFO [10-15|13:48:25.263] Regenerating historical state            block=2385959 target=2386012 remaining=53   elapsed=3m30.990537767s
+INFO [10-15|13:48:33.342] Regenerating historical state            block=2386012 target=2386012 remaining=0    elapsed=3m39.070073163s
+INFO [10-15|13:48:33.343] Historical state regenerated             block=2386012 elapsed=3m39.070454362s nodes=10.03mB preimages=652.08kB
+INFO [10-15|13:48:33.352] Wrote trace                              file=/tmp/block_0x14490c57-0-0xfbbd6d91-715824834
+INFO [10-15|13:48:33.352] Wrote trace                              file=/tmp/block_0x14490c57-1-0x71076194-187462969
+INFO [10-15|13:48:34.421] Wrote trace file=/tmp/block_0x14490c57-2-0x3f4263fe-056924484
+```
+
+The `options` is as follows:
+```
+type StdTraceConfig struct {
+  *vm.LogConfig
+  Reexec *uint64
+  TxHash *common.Hash
+}
+```
+
+### debug_standardTraceBadBlockToFile
+
+This method is similar to `debug_standardTraceBlockToFile`, but can be used to obtain info about a block which has been _rejected_ as invalid (for some reason). 
+ 
+
 ### debug_traceTransaction
 
+**OBS** In most scenarios, `debug.standardTraceBlockToFile` is better suited for tracing!
+
 The `traceTransaction` debugging method will attempt to run the transaction in the exact same manner
 as it was executed on the network. It will replay any transaction that may have been executed prior
 to this one before it will finally attempt to execute the transaction that corresponds to the given
@@ -724,6 +780,7 @@ specifies the options for this specific call. The possible options are:
   }]
 ```
 
+
 #### JavaScript-based tracing
 Specifying the `tracer` option in the second argument enables JavaScript-based tracing. In this mode, `tracer` is interpreted as a JavaScript expression that is expected to evaluate to an object with (at least) two methods, named `step` and `result`.