all: implement EIP-1559 (#22837)

This is the initial implementation of EIP-1559 in packages core/types and core.
Mining, RPC, etc. will be added in subsequent commits.

Co-authored-by: Marius van der Wijden <m.vanderwijden@live.de>
Co-authored-by: lightclient@protonmail.com <lightclient@protonmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Felix Lange <fjl@twurst.com>

core/vm/eips.go

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ import (
 
 var activators = map[int]func(*JumpTable){
 	3529: enable3529,
+	3198: enable3198,
 	2929: enable2929,
 	2200: enable2200,
 	1884: enable1884,
@@ -154,3 +155,22 @@ func enable3529(jt *JumpTable) {
 	jt[SSTORE].dynamicGas = gasSStoreEIP3529
 	jt[SELFDESTRUCT].dynamicGas = gasSelfdestructEIP3529
 }
+
+// enable3198 applies EIP-3198 (BASEFEE Opcode)
+// - Adds an opcode that returns the current block's base fee.
+func enable3198(jt *JumpTable) {
+	// New opcode
+	jt[BASEFEE] = &operation{
+		execute:     opBaseFee,
+		constantGas: GasQuickStep,
+		minStack:    minStack(0, 1),
+		maxStack:    maxStack(0, 1),
+	}
+}
+
+// opBaseFee implements BASEFEE opcode
+func opBaseFee(pc *uint64, interpreter *EVMInterpreter, scope *ScopeContext) ([]byte, error) {
+	baseFee, _ := uint256.FromBig(interpreter.evm.Context.BaseFee)
+	scope.Stack.push(baseFee)
+	return nil, nil
+}

core/vm/evm.go

@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ type BlockContext struct {
 	BlockNumber *big.Int       // Provides information for NUMBER
 	Time        *big.Int       // Provides information for TIME
 	Difficulty  *big.Int       // Provides information for DIFFICULTY
+	BaseFee     *big.Int       // Provides information for BASEFEE
 }
 
 // TxContext provides the EVM with information about a transaction.

core/vm/jump_table.go

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ type JumpTable [256]*operation
 func newLondonInstructionSet() JumpTable {
 	instructionSet := newBerlinInstructionSet()
 	enable3529(&instructionSet) // EIP-3529: Reduction in refunds https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3529
+	enable3198(&instructionSet) // Base fee opcode https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-3198
 	return instructionSet
 }
 

core/vm/opcodes.go

@@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ const (
 	GASLIMIT
 	CHAINID     OpCode = 0x46
 	SELFBALANCE OpCode = 0x47
+	BASEFEE     OpCode = 0x48
 )
 
 // 0x50 range - 'storage' and execution.
@@ -280,6 +281,7 @@ var opCodeToString = map[OpCode]string{
 	GASLIMIT:    "GASLIMIT",
 	CHAINID:     "CHAINID",
 	SELFBALANCE: "SELFBALANCE",
+	BASEFEE:     "BASEFEE",
 
 	// 0x50 range - 'storage' and execution.
 	POP: "POP",
@@ -432,6 +434,7 @@ var stringToOp = map[string]OpCode{
 	"CALLDATASIZE":   CALLDATASIZE,
 	"CALLDATACOPY":   CALLDATACOPY,
 	"CHAINID":        CHAINID,
+	"BASEFEE":        BASEFEE,
 	"DELEGATECALL":   DELEGATECALL,
 	"STATICCALL":     STATICCALL,
 	"CODESIZE":       CODESIZE,