les, les/lespay: implement new server pool (#20758)

This PR reimplements the light client server pool. It is also a first step
to move certain logic into a new lespay package. This package will contain
the implementation of the lespay token sale functions, the token buying and
selling logic and other components related to peer selection/prioritization
and service quality evaluation. Over the long term this package will be
reusable for incentivizing future protocols.

Since the LES peer logic is now based on enode.Iterator, it can now use
DNS-based fallback discovery to find servers.

This document describes the function of the new components:
https://gist.github.com/zsfelfoldi/3c7ace895234b7b345ab4f71dab102d4

les/utils/expiredvalue.go

@@ -63,14 +63,7 @@ func ExpFactor(logOffset Fixed64) ExpirationFactor {
 // Value calculates the expired value based on a floating point base and integer
 // power-of-2 exponent. This function should be used by multi-value expired structures.
 func (e ExpirationFactor) Value(base float64, exp uint64) float64 {
-	res := base / e.Factor
-	if exp > e.Exp {
-		res *= float64(uint64(1) << (exp - e.Exp))
-	}
-	if exp < e.Exp {
-		res /= float64(uint64(1) << (e.Exp - exp))
-	}
-	return res
+	return base / e.Factor * math.Pow(2, float64(int64(exp-e.Exp)))
 }
 
 // value calculates the value at the given moment.