efe6dd2904
This PR adds re-written difficulty calculators, which are based on uint256. It also adds a fuzzer + oss-fuzz integration for the new fuzzer. It does differential fuzzing between the new and old calculators. Note: this PR does not actually enable the new calculators.
194 lines
6.8 KiB
Go
194 lines
6.8 KiB
Go
// Copyright 2020 The go-ethereum Authors
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// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
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//
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// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
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// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
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// (at your option) any later version.
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//
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// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
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//
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// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
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// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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package ethash
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import (
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"math/big"
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"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
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"github.com/holiman/uint256"
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)
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const (
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// frontierDurationLimit is for Frontier:
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// The decision boundary on the blocktime duration used to determine
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// whether difficulty should go up or down.
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frontierDurationLimit = 13
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// minimumDifficulty The minimum that the difficulty may ever be.
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minimumDifficulty = 131072
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// expDiffPeriod is the exponential difficulty period
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expDiffPeriodUint = 100000
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// difficultyBoundDivisorBitShift is the bound divisor of the difficulty (2048),
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// This constant is the right-shifts to use for the division.
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difficultyBoundDivisor = 11
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)
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// CalcDifficultyFrontierU256 is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns the
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// difficulty that a new block should have when created at time given the parent
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// block's time and difficulty. The calculation uses the Frontier rules.
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func CalcDifficultyFrontierU256(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
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/*
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Algorithm
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block_diff = pdiff + pdiff / 2048 * (1 if time - ptime < 13 else -1) + int(2^((num // 100000) - 2))
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Where:
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- pdiff = parent.difficulty
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- ptime = parent.time
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- time = block.timestamp
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- num = block.number
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*/
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pDiff := uint256.NewInt()
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pDiff.SetFromBig(parent.Difficulty) // pDiff: pdiff
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adjust := pDiff.Clone()
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adjust.Rsh(adjust, difficultyBoundDivisor) // adjust: pDiff / 2048
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if time-parent.Time < frontierDurationLimit {
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pDiff.Add(pDiff, adjust)
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} else {
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pDiff.Sub(pDiff, adjust)
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}
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if pDiff.LtUint64(minimumDifficulty) {
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pDiff.SetUint64(minimumDifficulty)
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}
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// 'pdiff' now contains:
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// pdiff + pdiff / 2048 * (1 if time - ptime < 13 else -1)
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if periodCount := (parent.Number.Uint64() + 1) / expDiffPeriodUint; periodCount > 1 {
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// diff = diff + 2^(periodCount - 2)
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expDiff := adjust.SetOne()
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expDiff.Lsh(expDiff, uint(periodCount-2)) // expdiff: 2 ^ (periodCount -2)
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pDiff.Add(pDiff, expDiff)
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}
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return pDiff.ToBig()
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}
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// CalcDifficultyHomesteadU256 is the difficulty adjustment algorithm. It returns
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// the difficulty that a new block should have when created at time given the
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// parent block's time and difficulty. The calculation uses the Homestead rules.
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func CalcDifficultyHomesteadU256(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
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/*
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https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/blob/master/EIPS/eip-2.md
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Algorithm:
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block_diff = pdiff + pdiff / 2048 * max(1 - (time - ptime) / 10, -99) + 2 ^ int((num / 100000) - 2))
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Our modification, to use unsigned ints:
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block_diff = pdiff - pdiff / 2048 * max((time - ptime) / 10 - 1, 99) + 2 ^ int((num / 100000) - 2))
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Where:
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- pdiff = parent.difficulty
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- ptime = parent.time
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- time = block.timestamp
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- num = block.number
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*/
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pDiff := uint256.NewInt()
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pDiff.SetFromBig(parent.Difficulty) // pDiff: pdiff
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adjust := pDiff.Clone()
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adjust.Rsh(adjust, difficultyBoundDivisor) // adjust: pDiff / 2048
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x := (time - parent.Time) / 10 // (time - ptime) / 10)
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var neg = true
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if x == 0 {
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x = 1
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neg = false
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} else if x >= 100 {
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x = 99
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} else {
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x = x - 1
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}
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z := new(uint256.Int).SetUint64(x)
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adjust.Mul(adjust, z) // adjust: (pdiff / 2048) * max((time - ptime) / 10 - 1, 99)
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if neg {
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pDiff.Sub(pDiff, adjust) // pdiff - pdiff / 2048 * max((time - ptime) / 10 - 1, 99)
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} else {
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pDiff.Add(pDiff, adjust) // pdiff + pdiff / 2048 * max((time - ptime) / 10 - 1, 99)
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}
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if pDiff.LtUint64(minimumDifficulty) {
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pDiff.SetUint64(minimumDifficulty)
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}
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// for the exponential factor, a.k.a "the bomb"
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// diff = diff + 2^(periodCount - 2)
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if periodCount := (1 + parent.Number.Uint64()) / expDiffPeriodUint; periodCount > 1 {
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expFactor := adjust.Lsh(adjust.SetOne(), uint(periodCount-2))
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pDiff.Add(pDiff, expFactor)
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}
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return pDiff.ToBig()
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}
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// MakeDifficultyCalculatorU256 creates a difficultyCalculator with the given bomb-delay.
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// the difficulty is calculated with Byzantium rules, which differs from Homestead in
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// how uncles affect the calculation
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func MakeDifficultyCalculatorU256(bombDelay *big.Int) func(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
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// Note, the calculations below looks at the parent number, which is 1 below
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// the block number. Thus we remove one from the delay given
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bombDelayFromParent := bombDelay.Uint64() - 1
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return func(time uint64, parent *types.Header) *big.Int {
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/*
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https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/100
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pDiff = parent.difficulty
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BLOCK_DIFF_FACTOR = 9
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a = pDiff + (pDiff // BLOCK_DIFF_FACTOR) * adj_factor
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b = min(parent.difficulty, MIN_DIFF)
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child_diff = max(a,b )
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*/
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x := (time - parent.Time) / 9 // (block_timestamp - parent_timestamp) // 9
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c := uint64(1) // if parent.unclehash == emptyUncleHashHash
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if parent.UncleHash != types.EmptyUncleHash {
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c = 2
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}
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xNeg := x >= c
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if xNeg {
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// x is now _negative_ adjustment factor
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x = x - c // - ( (t-p)/p -( 2 or 1) )
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} else {
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x = c - x // (2 or 1) - (t-p)/9
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}
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if x > 99 {
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x = 99 // max(x, 99)
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}
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// parent_diff + (parent_diff / 2048 * max((2 if len(parent.uncles) else 1) - ((timestamp - parent.timestamp) // 9), -99))
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y := new(uint256.Int)
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y.SetFromBig(parent.Difficulty) // y: p_diff
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pDiff := y.Clone() // pdiff: p_diff
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z := new(uint256.Int).SetUint64(x) //z : +-adj_factor (either pos or negative)
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y.Rsh(y, difficultyBoundDivisor) // y: p__diff / 2048
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z.Mul(y, z) // z: (p_diff / 2048 ) * (+- adj_factor)
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if xNeg {
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y.Sub(pDiff, z) // y: parent_diff + parent_diff/2048 * adjustment_factor
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} else {
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y.Add(pDiff, z) // y: parent_diff + parent_diff/2048 * adjustment_factor
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}
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// minimum difficulty can ever be (before exponential factor)
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if y.LtUint64(minimumDifficulty) {
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y.SetUint64(minimumDifficulty)
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}
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// calculate a fake block number for the ice-age delay
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// Specification: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1234
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var pNum = parent.Number.Uint64()
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if pNum >= bombDelayFromParent {
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if fakeBlockNumber := pNum - bombDelayFromParent; fakeBlockNumber >= 2*expDiffPeriodUint {
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z.SetOne()
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z.Lsh(z, uint(fakeBlockNumber/expDiffPeriodUint-2))
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y.Add(z, y)
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}
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}
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return y.ToBig()
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}
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}
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