Work towards #56: Splitting up the README

I did the job and splitted up the readme, hopefully everything was
splitted correctly...

prototype/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+---
+layout: pattern
+title: Prototype
+folder: prototype
+categories: pattern_cat
+tags: pattern_tag
+---
+
+**Intent:** Specify the kinds of objects to create using a prototypical
+instance, and create new objects by copying this prototype.
+
+![alt text](./etc/prototype_1.png "Prototype")
+
+**Applicability:** Use the Prototype pattern when a system should be independent of how its products are created, composed and represented; and
+
+* when the classes to instantiate are specified at run-time, for example, by dynamic loading; or
+* to avoid building a class hierarchy of factories that parallels the class hierarchy of products; or
+* when instances of a class can have one of only a few different combinations of state. It may be more convenient to install a corresponding number of prototypes and clone them rather than instantiating the class manually, each time with the appropriate state
+
+**Real world examples:**
+
+* [java.lang.Object#clone()](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html#clone%28%29)