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@ -1431,15 +1431,6 @@
"contributions": [
"code"
]
},
{
"login": "qfxl",
"name": "yonghong Xu",
"avatar_url": "https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/14086462?v=4",
"profile": "https://xuyonghong.cn/",
"contributions": [
"doc"
]
}
],
"contributorsPerLine": 4,

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@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ name: Java PR Builder
on:
pull_request:
branches: [ master ]
types: [ opened, reopened, synchronize, labeled, unlabeled ]
types: [ opened, reopened, synchronize ]
jobs:
build:

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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
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@ -311,7 +311,6 @@ This project is licensed under the terms of the MIT license.
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center"><a href="https://github.com/noamgrinch"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/31648669?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>Noam Greenshtain</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=noamgrinch" title="Code">💻</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="https://xuyonghong.cn/"><img src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/14086462?v=4?s=100" width="100px;" alt=""/><br /><sub><b>yonghong Xu</b></sub></a><br /><a href="https://github.com/iluwatar/java-design-patterns/commits?author=qfxl" title="Documentation">📖</a></td>
</tr>
</table>

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@ -9,131 +9,19 @@ tags:
---
## Intent
Balking Pattern is used to prevent an object from executing a certain code if it is in an incomplete
or inappropriate state.
## Explanation
Real world example
> There's a start-button in a washing machine to initiate the laundry washing. When the washing
> machine is inactive the button works as expected, but if it's already washing the button does
> nothing.
In plain words
> Using the balking pattern, a certain code executes only if the object is in particular state.
Wikipedia says
> The balking pattern is a software design pattern that only executes an action on an object when
> the object is in a particular state. For example, if an object reads ZIP files and a calling
> method invokes a get method on the object when the ZIP file is not open, the object would "balk"
> at the request.
**Programmatic Example**
In this example implementation, `WashingMachine` is an object that has two states in which it can
be: ENABLED and WASHING. If the machine is ENABLED, the state changes to WASHING using a thread-safe
method. On the other hand, if it already has been washing and any other thread executes `wash()`
it won't do that and returns without doing anything.
Here are the relevant parts of the `WashingMachine` class.
```java
@Slf4j
public class WashingMachine {
private final DelayProvider delayProvider;
private WashingMachineState washingMachineState;
public WashingMachine(DelayProvider delayProvider) {
this.delayProvider = delayProvider;
this.washingMachineState = WashingMachineState.ENABLED;
}
public WashingMachineState getWashingMachineState() {
return washingMachineState;
}
public void wash() {
synchronized (this) {
var machineState = getWashingMachineState();
LOGGER.info("{}: Actual machine state: {}", Thread.currentThread().getName(), machineState);
if (this.washingMachineState == WashingMachineState.WASHING) {
LOGGER.error("Cannot wash if the machine has been already washing!");
return;
}
this.washingMachineState = WashingMachineState.WASHING;
}
LOGGER.info("{}: Doing the washing", Thread.currentThread().getName());
this.delayProvider.executeAfterDelay(50, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, this::endOfWashing);
}
public synchronized void endOfWashing() {
washingMachineState = WashingMachineState.ENABLED;
LOGGER.info("{}: Washing completed.", Thread.currentThread().getId());
}
}
```
Here's the simple `DelayProvider` interface used by the `WashingMachine`.
```java
public interface DelayProvider {
void executeAfterDelay(long interval, TimeUnit timeUnit, Runnable task);
}
```
Now we introduce the application using the `WashingMachine`.
```java
public static void main(String... args) {
final var washingMachine = new WashingMachine();
var executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
executorService.execute(washingMachine::wash);
}
executorService.shutdown();
try {
executorService.awaitTermination(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
LOGGER.error("ERROR: Waiting on executor service shutdown!");
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
```
Here is the console output of the program.
```
14:02:52.268 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.iluwatar.balking.WashingMachine - pool-1-thread-2: Actual machine state: ENABLED
14:02:52.272 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.iluwatar.balking.WashingMachine - pool-1-thread-2: Doing the washing
14:02:52.272 [pool-1-thread-3] INFO com.iluwatar.balking.WashingMachine - pool-1-thread-3: Actual machine state: WASHING
14:02:52.273 [pool-1-thread-3] ERROR com.iluwatar.balking.WashingMachine - Cannot wash if the machine has been already washing!
14:02:52.273 [pool-1-thread-1] INFO com.iluwatar.balking.WashingMachine - pool-1-thread-1: Actual machine state: WASHING
14:02:52.273 [pool-1-thread-1] ERROR com.iluwatar.balking.WashingMachine - Cannot wash if the machine has been already washing!
14:02:52.324 [pool-1-thread-2] INFO com.iluwatar.balking.WashingMachine - 14: Washing completed.
```
Balking Pattern is used to prevent an object from executing certain code if it is an
incomplete or inappropriate state
## Class diagram
![alt text](./etc/balking.png "Balking")
## Applicability
Use the Balking pattern when
* You want to invoke an action on an object only when it is in a particular state
* Objects are generally only in a state that is prone to balking temporarily but for an unknown
amount of time
* you want to invoke an action on an object only when it is in a particular state
* objects are generally only in a state that is prone to balking temporarily
but for an unknown amount of time
## Related patterns
* [Guarded Suspension Pattern](https://java-design-patterns.com/patterns/guarded-suspension/)
* [Double Checked Locking Pattern](https://java-design-patterns.com/patterns/double-checked-locking/)
## Credits
* [Patterns in Java: A Catalog of Reusable Design Patterns Illustrated with UML, 2nd Edition, Volume 1](https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/0471227293/ref=as_li_qf_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=javadesignpat-20&creative=9325&linkCode=as2&creativeASIN=0471227293&linkId=0e39a59ffaab93fb476036fecb637b99)
* Guarded Suspension Pattern
* Double Checked Locking Pattern

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@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
* then the method will return without doing anything. Objects that use this pattern are generally
* only in a state that is prone to balking temporarily but for an unknown amount of time
*
* <p>In this example implementation, {@link WashingMachine} is an object that has two states in
* which it can be: ENABLED and WASHING. If the machine is ENABLED, the state changes to WASHING
* using a thread-safe method. On the other hand, if it already has been washing and any other
* thread executes {@link WashingMachine#wash()} it won't do that and returns without doing
* anything.
* <p>In this example implementation WashingMachine is an object that has two states in which it
* can be: ENABLED and WASHING. If the machine is ENABLED the state is changed into WASHING that any
* other thread can't invoke this action on this and then do the job. On the other hand if it have
* been already washing and any other thread execute wash() it can't do that once again and returns
* doing nothing.
*/
@Slf4j
public class App {
@ -54,12 +54,11 @@ public class App {
}
executorService.shutdown();
try {
if (!executorService.awaitTermination(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
executorService.shutdownNow();
}
executorService.awaitTermination(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} catch (InterruptedException ie) {
LOGGER.error("ERROR: Waiting on executor service shutdown!");
Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
}
}
}