add: strings and projects

19-strings-runes-bytes/01-bytes-runes-strings-basics/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// For more tutorials: https://blog.learngoprogramming.com
+//
+// Copyright © 2018 Inanc Gumus
+// Learn Go Programming Course
+// License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
+//
+
+package main
+
+import "fmt"
+
+func main() {
+	str := "hey"
+	bytes := []byte{104, 101, 121}
+
+	// same as: []byte("hey")
+	fmt.Printf(`"hey" as bytes   : %d`+"\n", []byte(str))
+
+	// same as: string([]byte{104, 101, 121})
+	fmt.Printf("bytes as string  : %q\n", string(bytes))
+
+	// runes are unicode codepoints (numbers)
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Printf("%c                : %[1]d\n", 'h')
+	fmt.Printf("%c                : %[1]d\n", 'e')
+	fmt.Printf("%c                : %[1]d\n", 'y')
+
+	// a rune literal is typeless
+	// you can put it in any numeric type
+	var (
+		anInt   int   = 'h'
+		anInt8  int8  = 'h'
+		anInt16 int16 = 'h'
+		anInt32 int32 = 'h'
+
+		// rune literal's default type is: rune
+		// so, you don't need to specify it.
+		// aRune   rune  = 'h'
+		aRune = 'h'
+
+		// and so on...
+	)
+
+	fmt.Println()
+	fmt.Printf("rune literals are typeless:\n\t%T %T %T %T %T\n",
+		anInt, anInt8, anInt16, anInt32, aRune)
+
+	fmt.Println()
+
+	// all are the same rune
+
+	// beginning with go 1.13 you can type: 0b0110_1000 instead
+	// fmt.Printf("%q as binary: %08[1]b\n", 0b0110_1000)
+	fmt.Printf("%q in decimal: %[1]d\n", 104)
+	fmt.Printf("%q in binary : %08[1]b\n", 'h')
+	fmt.Printf("%q in hex    : 0x%[1]x\n", 0x68)
+}