diff --git a/programs/budget/src/budget_processor.rs b/programs/budget/src/budget_processor.rs
index 20851aa14c..d3a2a9b4da 100644
--- a/programs/budget/src/budget_processor.rs
+++ b/programs/budget/src/budget_processor.rs
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ mod test {
             dt,
         );
         assert_eq!(
-            alice_client.process_script(vec![instruction]).unwrap_err(),
+            alice_client.process_instruction(instruction).unwrap_err(),
             TransactionError::InstructionError(
                 0,
                 InstructionError::ProgramError(ProgramError::CustomError(
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ mod test {
         // that pubkey's funds are now available.
         let instruction =
             BudgetInstruction::new_apply_timestamp(&alice_pubkey, &budget_pubkey, &bob_pubkey, dt);
-        alice_client.process_script(vec![instruction]).unwrap();
+        alice_client.process_instruction(instruction).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&alice_pubkey), 1);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&budget_pubkey), 0);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&bob_pubkey), 1);
@@ -353,7 +353,7 @@ mod test {
 
         let instruction =
             BudgetInstruction::new_apply_signature(&mallory_pubkey, &budget_pubkey, &bob_pubkey);
-        mallory_client.process_script(vec![instruction]).unwrap();
+        mallory_client.process_instruction(instruction).unwrap();
         // nothing should be changed because apply witness didn't finalize a payment
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&alice_pubkey), 1);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&budget_pubkey), 1);
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ mod test {
         // Now, cancel the transaction. mint gets her funds back
         let instruction =
             BudgetInstruction::new_apply_signature(&alice_pubkey, &budget_pubkey, &alice_pubkey);
-        alice_client.process_script(vec![instruction]).unwrap();
+        alice_client.process_instruction(instruction).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(bank.get_balance(&alice_pubkey), 2);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_account(&budget_pubkey), None);
         assert_eq!(bank.get_account(&bob_pubkey), None);
diff --git a/programs/budget_api/src/budget_instruction.rs b/programs/budget_api/src/budget_instruction.rs
index 8fe44a3809..42a950af59 100644
--- a/programs/budget_api/src/budget_instruction.rs
+++ b/programs/budget_api/src/budget_instruction.rs
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ use bincode::serialized_size;
 use chrono::prelude::{DateTime, Utc};
 use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
+use solana_sdk::script::Script;
 use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, KeypairUtil};
 use solana_sdk::system_instruction::SystemInstruction;
-use solana_sdk::transaction::{Instruction, Script};
+use solana_sdk::transaction::Instruction;
 
 /// A smart contract.
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
@@ -48,10 +49,10 @@ impl BudgetInstruction {
         expr: BudgetExpr,
     ) -> Script {
         let space = serialized_size(&BudgetState::new(expr.clone())).unwrap();
-        vec![
+        Script::new(vec![
             SystemInstruction::new_program_account(&from, contract, lamports, space, &id()),
             Self::new_initialize_account(contract, expr),
-        ]
+        ])
     }
 
     /// Create a new payment script.
diff --git a/programs/budget_api/src/budget_transaction.rs b/programs/budget_api/src/budget_transaction.rs
index 2b658e64ad..0f3a1c43e5 100644
--- a/programs/budget_api/src/budget_transaction.rs
+++ b/programs/budget_api/src/budget_transaction.rs
@@ -5,9 +5,10 @@ use bincode::deserialize;
 use chrono::prelude::*;
 use solana_sdk::hash::Hash;
 use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
+use solana_sdk::script::Script;
 use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, KeypairUtil};
 use solana_sdk::system_instruction::SystemInstruction;
-use solana_sdk::transaction::{Script, Transaction};
+use solana_sdk::transaction::Transaction;
 
 pub struct BudgetTransaction {}
 
@@ -18,7 +19,7 @@ impl BudgetTransaction {
         recent_blockhash: Hash,
         fee: u64,
     ) -> Transaction {
-        let mut tx = Transaction::new(script);
+        let mut tx = script.compile();
         tx.fee = fee;
         tx.sign(&[from_keypair], recent_blockhash);
         tx
diff --git a/programs/config/src/lib.rs b/programs/config/src/lib.rs
index dc91669734..1cbc551cfb 100644
--- a/programs/config/src/lib.rs
+++ b/programs/config/src/lib.rs
@@ -55,9 +55,10 @@ mod tests {
     use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
     use solana_runtime::bank_client::BankClient;
     use solana_sdk::genesis_block::GenesisBlock;
+    use solana_sdk::script::Script;
     use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, KeypairUtil};
     use solana_sdk::system_instruction::SystemInstruction;
-    use solana_sdk::transaction::{Instruction, Transaction};
+    use solana_sdk::transaction::Instruction;
 
     #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Default, Debug, PartialEq)]
     struct MyConfig {
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ mod tests {
         let config_pubkey = config_client.pubkey();
 
         let instruction = create_account_instruction(&from_pubkey, &config_pubkey);
-        from_client.process_script(vec![instruction]).unwrap();
+        from_client.process_instruction(instruction).unwrap();
 
         config_client
     }
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ mod tests {
 
         let my_config = MyConfig::new(42);
         let instruction = ConfigInstruction::new_store(&config_pubkey, &my_config);
-        config_client.process_script(vec![instruction]).unwrap();
+        config_client.process_instruction(instruction).unwrap();
 
         let config_account = bank.get_account(&config_pubkey).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(
@@ -143,7 +144,8 @@ mod tests {
         let instruction = ConfigInstruction::new_store(&config_pubkey, &my_config);
 
         // Replace instruction data with a vector that's too large
-        let mut transaction = Transaction::new(vec![instruction]);
+        let script = Script::new(vec![instruction]);
+        let mut transaction = script.compile();
         transaction.instructions[0].data = vec![0; 123];
         config_client.process_transaction(transaction).unwrap_err();
     }
@@ -164,7 +166,8 @@ mod tests {
         let store_instruction = ConfigInstruction::new_store(&config_pubkey, &my_config);
 
         // Don't sign the transaction with `config_client`
-        let mut transaction = Transaction::new(vec![move_instruction, store_instruction]);
+        let script = Script::new(vec![move_instruction, store_instruction]);
+        let mut transaction = script.compile();
         transaction.sign_unchecked(&[&system_keypair], bank.last_blockhash());
         let system_client = BankClient::new(&bank, system_keypair);
         system_client.process_transaction(transaction).unwrap_err();
diff --git a/runtime/src/bank_client.rs b/runtime/src/bank_client.rs
index 6b54df48ad..e0a61a333f 100644
--- a/runtime/src/bank_client.rs
+++ b/runtime/src/bank_client.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 use crate::bank::Bank;
 use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
+use solana_sdk::script::Script;
 use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, KeypairUtil};
 use solana_sdk::system_instruction::SystemInstruction;
-use solana_sdk::transaction::{Script, Transaction, TransactionError};
+use solana_sdk::transaction::{Instruction, Transaction, TransactionError};
 
 pub struct BankClient<'a> {
     bank: &'a Bank,
@@ -25,12 +26,25 @@ impl<'a> BankClient<'a> {
 
     /// Create and process a transaction.
     pub fn process_script(&self, script: Script) -> Result<(), TransactionError> {
-        self.process_transaction(Transaction::new(script))
+        self.process_transaction(script.compile())
+    }
+
+    /// Create and process a transaction from a list of instructions.
+    pub fn process_instructions(
+        &self,
+        instructions: Vec<Instruction>,
+    ) -> Result<(), TransactionError> {
+        self.process_script(Script::new(instructions))
+    }
+
+    /// Create and process a transaction from a single instruction.
+    pub fn process_instruction(&self, instruction: Instruction) -> Result<(), TransactionError> {
+        self.process_instructions(vec![instruction])
     }
 
     /// Transfer lamports to pubkey
     pub fn transfer(&self, lamports: u64, pubkey: &Pubkey) -> Result<(), TransactionError> {
         let move_instruction = SystemInstruction::new_move(&self.pubkey(), pubkey, lamports);
-        self.process_script(vec![move_instruction])
+        self.process_instruction(move_instruction)
     }
 }
diff --git a/runtime/src/system_program.rs b/runtime/src/system_program.rs
index 52c226a2f4..d1d38efa9e 100644
--- a/runtime/src/system_program.rs
+++ b/runtime/src/system_program.rs
@@ -109,6 +109,7 @@ mod tests {
     use solana_sdk::account::Account;
     use solana_sdk::genesis_block::GenesisBlock;
     use solana_sdk::native_program::ProgramError;
+    use solana_sdk::script::Script;
     use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, KeypairUtil};
     use solana_sdk::system_instruction::SystemInstruction;
     use solana_sdk::system_program;
@@ -291,11 +292,11 @@ mod tests {
 
         // Erroneously sign transaction with recipient account key
         // No signature case is tested by bank `test_zero_signatures()`
-        let malicious_script = vec![Instruction::new(
+        let malicious_script = Script::new(vec![Instruction::new(
             system_program::id(),
             &SystemInstruction::Move { lamports: 10 },
             vec![(alice_pubkey, false), (mallory_pubkey, true)],
-        )];
+        )]);
         assert_eq!(
             mallory_client.process_script(malicious_script),
             Err(TransactionError::InstructionError(
diff --git a/sdk/src/lib.rs b/sdk/src/lib.rs
index df1ccea277..cacbe83431 100644
--- a/sdk/src/lib.rs
+++ b/sdk/src/lib.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ pub mod native_program;
 pub mod packet;
 pub mod pubkey;
 pub mod rpc_port;
+pub mod script;
 pub mod shortvec;
 pub mod signature;
 pub mod system_instruction;
@@ -16,7 +17,6 @@ pub mod system_program;
 pub mod system_transaction;
 pub mod timing;
 pub mod transaction;
-mod transaction_compiler;
 
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate serde_derive;
diff --git a/sdk/src/transaction_compiler.rs b/sdk/src/script.rs
similarity index 89%
rename from sdk/src/transaction_compiler.rs
rename to sdk/src/script.rs
index 3ba66e0c01..3a2b524d76 100644
--- a/sdk/src/transaction_compiler.rs
+++ b/sdk/src/script.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-//! A library for composing transactions.
+//! A library for building scripts and compiling them into transactions.
 
 use crate::hash::Hash;
 use crate::pubkey::Pubkey;
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@ fn compile_instructions(
 }
 
 /// A utility for constructing transactions
-pub struct TransactionCompiler {
+pub struct Script {
     instructions: Vec<Instruction>,
 }
 
-impl TransactionCompiler {
+impl Script {
     /// Create a new unsigned transaction from a single instruction
     pub fn new(instructions: Vec<Instruction>) -> Self {
         Self { instructions }
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_transaction_builder_unique_program_ids() {
         let program_id0 = Pubkey::default();
-        let program_ids = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let program_ids = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id0, &0, vec![]),
             Instruction::new(program_id0, &0, vec![]),
         ])
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_transaction_builder_unique_program_ids_not_adjacent() {
         let program_id0 = Pubkey::default();
         let program_id1 = Keypair::new().pubkey();
-        let program_ids = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let program_ids = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id0, &0, vec![]),
             Instruction::new(program_id1, &0, vec![]),
             Instruction::new(program_id0, &0, vec![]),
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_transaction_builder_unique_program_ids_order_preserved() {
         let program_id0 = Keypair::new().pubkey();
         let program_id1 = Pubkey::default(); // Key less than program_id0
-        let program_ids = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let program_ids = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id0, &0, vec![]),
             Instruction::new(program_id1, &0, vec![]),
             Instruction::new(program_id0, &0, vec![]),
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_transaction_builder_unique_keys_both_signed() {
         let program_id = Pubkey::default();
         let id0 = Pubkey::default();
-        let keys = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let keys = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, true)]),
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, true)]),
         ])
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_transaction_builder_unique_keys_one_signed() {
         let program_id = Pubkey::default();
         let id0 = Pubkey::default();
-        let keys = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let keys = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, false)]),
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, true)]),
         ])
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ mod tests {
         let program_id = Pubkey::default();
         let id0 = Keypair::new().pubkey();
         let id1 = Pubkey::default(); // Key less than id0
-        let keys = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let keys = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, false)]),
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id1, false)]),
         ])
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ mod tests {
         let program_id = Pubkey::default();
         let id0 = Pubkey::default();
         let id1 = Keypair::new().pubkey();
-        let keys = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let keys = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, false)]),
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id1, false)]),
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, true)]),
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ mod tests {
         let program_id = Pubkey::default();
         let id0 = Pubkey::default();
         let id1 = Keypair::new().pubkey();
-        let keys = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let keys = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, false)]),
             Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id1, true)]),
         ])
@@ -203,14 +203,10 @@ mod tests {
     fn test_transaction_builder_signed_keys_len() {
         let program_id = Pubkey::default();
         let id0 = Pubkey::default();
-        let tx =
-            TransactionCompiler::new(vec![Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, false)])])
-                .compile();
+        let tx = Script::new(vec![Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, false)])]).compile();
         assert_eq!(tx.signatures.capacity(), 0);
 
-        let tx =
-            TransactionCompiler::new(vec![Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, true)])])
-                .compile();
+        let tx = Script::new(vec![Instruction::new(program_id, &0, vec![(id0, true)])]).compile();
         assert_eq!(tx.signatures.capacity(), 1);
     }
 
@@ -221,7 +217,7 @@ mod tests {
         let id0 = Pubkey::default();
         let keypair1 = Keypair::new();
         let id1 = keypair1.pubkey();
-        let tx = TransactionCompiler::new(vec![
+        let tx = Script::new(vec![
             Instruction::new(program_id0, &0, vec![(id0, false)]),
             Instruction::new(program_id1, &0, vec![(id1, true)]),
             Instruction::new(program_id0, &0, vec![(id1, false)]),
diff --git a/sdk/src/transaction.rs b/sdk/src/transaction.rs
index 1ac7087851..1e90e16a9c 100644
--- a/sdk/src/transaction.rs
+++ b/sdk/src/transaction.rs
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ use crate::hash::{Hash, Hasher};
 use crate::native_program::ProgramError;
 use crate::packet::PACKET_DATA_SIZE;
 use crate::pubkey::Pubkey;
+use crate::script::Script;
 use crate::shortvec::{
     deserialize_vec_bytes, deserialize_vec_with, encode_len, serialize_vec_bytes,
     serialize_vec_with,
 };
 use crate::signature::{KeypairUtil, Signature};
 use crate::system_instruction::SystemError;
-use crate::transaction_compiler::TransactionCompiler;
 use bincode::{serialize, Error};
 use byteorder::{LittleEndian, ReadBytesExt, WriteBytesExt};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize, Serializer};
@@ -71,10 +71,7 @@ impl<P, Q> GenericInstruction<P, Q> {
 }
 
 pub type Instruction = GenericInstruction<Pubkey, (Pubkey, bool)>;
-pub type Script = Vec<Instruction>;
-
 pub type CompiledInstruction = GenericInstruction<u8, u8>;
-pub type CompiledScript = Vec<CompiledInstruction>;
 
 impl CompiledInstruction {
     pub fn serialize_with(mut writer: &mut Cursor<&mut [u8]>, ix: &Self) -> Result<(), Error> {
@@ -166,12 +163,12 @@ pub struct Transaction {
     pub program_ids: Vec<Pubkey>,
     /// Programs that will be executed in sequence and committed in one atomic transaction if all
     /// succeed.
-    pub instructions: CompiledScript,
+    pub instructions: Vec<CompiledInstruction>,
 }
 
 impl Transaction {
-    pub fn new(script: Script) -> Self {
-        TransactionCompiler::new(script).compile()
+    pub fn new(instructions: Vec<Instruction>) -> Self {
+        Script::new(instructions).compile()
     }
 
     pub fn new_with_blockhash_and_fee<T: Serialize>(
@@ -227,7 +224,7 @@ impl Transaction {
         recent_blockhash: Hash,
         fee: u64,
         program_ids: Vec<Pubkey>,
-        instructions: CompiledScript,
+        instructions: Vec<CompiledInstruction>,
     ) -> Self {
         let mut account_keys: Vec<_> = from_keypairs
             .iter()
@@ -469,7 +466,7 @@ impl<'a> serde::de::Visitor<'a> for TransactionVisitor {
         let program_ids: Vec<Pubkey> =
             deserialize_vec_with(&mut rd, Transaction::deserialize_pubkey)
                 .map_err(Error::custom)?;
-        let instructions: CompiledScript =
+        let instructions: Vec<CompiledInstruction> =
             deserialize_vec_with(&mut rd, CompiledInstruction::deserialize_from)
                 .map_err(Error::custom)?;
         Ok(Transaction {