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Describe executable and owner account metadata

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This commit is contained in:
Greg Fitzgerald
2018-12-04 16:22:49 -07:00
committed by Grimes
parent 963de90b7f
commit 1990501786
2 changed files with 47 additions and 26 deletions
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37
book/src/programs.md
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@ -29,18 +29,31 @@ instruction is invalid, any changes made within the transaction are discarded.
## Storing State between Transactions ## Storing State between Transactions
If the program needs to store state between transactions, it does so using If the program needs to store state between transactions, it does so using
*accounts*. Solana supports several kinds of accounts: *accounts*. Accounts are similar to files in operating systems such as Linux.
Like files, an account may hold arbitrary data and that data persists beyond
the liftime of a program. Also like files, an account includes metadata that
tells the runtime who is allowed to access the data and how. Unlike files, the
account includes metadata for the liftime of the file. That lifetime is
expressed in "tokens", which is a number of fractional native tokens, called
*lamports*. Accounts are held in validator memory and pay "rent" to stay there.
Each fullnode periodically scan all accounts and collects rent. Any account
that drops to zero lamports is purged.
1. Executable If an account is marked "executable", it will only be used by a *loader* to run
2. Owned by a client programs. For example, programs compiled to BPF are marked executable and
3. Owned by a program loaded by the BPF loader. No program is allowed to modify the contents of an
4. Credit-only executable account.
All accounts are identified by public keys and may hold arbitrary data. When Accounts also include "owner" metadata. The owner is the program ID. The
the client sends transactions to programs, it requests access to accounts using runtime grants the program write access to the account if its ID is the account
those keys. The runtime loads the account and passes it to the program. The owner. If an account is not owned by a program, the program is permitted to
runtime also ensures accounts aren't written to if not owned by the client or read its data and credit the account. There's one exception, however, accounts
program. Any writes to credit-only accounts are discarded unless the write was owned by the `SystemProgram` may be written to and debited if the account
to credit tokens. Any user may credit other accounts tokens, regardless of holder signed the transaction.
account permission.
Accounts are identified by client-generated public keys. When the client sends
transactions to programs, it requests access to accounts using those keys. The
runtime loads the account and passes it to the program. After the program
finishes executing, the runtime uses the account metadata to verify that none
of the access rules were violated, and if so, discards those changes, and marks
the transaction as failed.

36
book/src/terminology.md
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@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ architecture.
#### account #### account
A persistent file addressed by [public key](#public-key) and with tokens A persistent file addressed by [public key](#public-key) and with
tracking its lifetime. [lamports](#lamport) tracking its lifetime.
#### block #### block
@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ the [ledger](#ledger).
#### leader schedule #### leader schedule
A sequence of [fullnode](#fullnode) [public keys](#public-key). The cluster A sequence of [fullnode](#fullnode) [public keys](#public-key). The cluster
uses the leader schedule to determine which fullnode is in the [leader](#leader) uses the leader schedule to determine which fullnode is in the
at any moment in time. [leader](#leader) at any moment in time.
#### ledger #### ledger
@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ height](#tick-height).
#### lockout #### lockout
The duration of time in which a [fullnode](#fullnode) is unable to [vote](#vote) on The duration of time in which a [fullnode](#fullnode) is unable to
another [fork](#fork). [vote](#vote) on another [fork](#fork).
#### native token #### native token
@ -135,7 +135,8 @@ The public key of a [keypair](#keypair).
#### replicator #### replicator
A type of [client](#client) that stores copies of segments of the [ledger](#ledger). A type of [client](#client) that stores copies of segments of the
[ledger](#ledger).
#### secret key #### secret key
@ -152,7 +153,8 @@ by the company Solana.
#### stake #### stake
Tokens forfeit to the [cluster](#cluster] if malicious [fullnode](#fullnode) behavior can be proven. Tokens forfeit to the [cluster](#cluster] if malicious [fullnode](#fullnode)
behavior can be proven.
#### tick #### tick
@ -172,7 +174,8 @@ A scarce, fungible member of a set of tokens.
#### transaction #### transaction
One or more [instructions](#instruction) signed by the [client](#client) and executed atomically. One or more [instructions](#instruction) signed by the [client](#client) and
executed atomically.
#### transactions entry #### transactions entry
@ -180,7 +183,8 @@ A set of [transactions](#transaction) that may be executed in parallel.
#### validator #### validator
The role of a [fullnode](#fullnode) when it is validating the [leader's](#leader) latest [entries](#entry). The role of a [fullnode](#fullnode) when it is validating the
[leader's](#leader) latest [entries](#entry).
## Terminology Reserved for Future Use ## Terminology Reserved for Future Use
@ -190,7 +194,8 @@ for potential future use.
#### blob #### blob
A fraction of a [block](#block); the smallest unit sent between [fullnodes](#fullnode). A fraction of a [block](#block); the smallest unit sent between
[fullnodes](#fullnode).
#### curio #### curio
@ -202,7 +207,8 @@ The time in which a [leader schedule](#leader-schedule) is valid.
#### light client #### light client
A type of [client](#client) that can verify it's pointing to a valid [cluster](#cluster). A type of [client](#client) that can verify it's pointing to a valid
[cluster](#cluster).
#### mips #### mips
@ -210,8 +216,10 @@ Millions of [instructions](#instruction) per second.
#### runtime #### runtime
The component of a [fullnode](#fullnode) responsible for [program](#program) execution. The component of a [fullnode](#fullnode) responsible for [program](#program)
execution.
#### thin client #### thin client
A type of [client](#client) that trusts it is communicating with a valid [cluster](#cluster). A type of [client](#client) that trusts it is communicating with a valid
[cluster](#cluster).