diff --git a/client/src/pubsub_client.rs b/client/src/pubsub_client.rs
index 725ee901f0..2d6a16bd77 100644
--- a/client/src/pubsub_client.rs
+++ b/client/src/pubsub_client.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 use {
     crate::{
         rpc_config::{
-            RpcSignatureSubscribeConfig, RpcTransactionLogsConfig, RpcTransactionLogsFilter,
+            RpcAccountInfoConfig, RpcProgramAccountsConfig, RpcSignatureSubscribeConfig,
+            RpcTransactionLogsConfig, RpcTransactionLogsFilter,
         },
         rpc_response::{
-            Response as RpcResponse, RpcLogsResponse, RpcSignatureResult, SlotInfo, SlotUpdate,
+            Response as RpcResponse, RpcKeyedAccount, RpcLogsResponse, RpcSignatureResult,
+            SlotInfo, SlotUpdate,
         },
     },
     log::*,
@@ -14,12 +16,13 @@ use {
         value::Value::{Number, Object},
         Map, Value,
     },
-    solana_sdk::signature::Signature,
+    solana_account_decoder::UiAccount,
+    solana_sdk::{clock::Slot, pubkey::Pubkey, signature::Signature},
     std::{
         marker::PhantomData,
         sync::{
             atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
-            mpsc::{channel, Receiver},
+            mpsc::{channel, Receiver, Sender},
             Arc, RwLock,
         },
         thread::{sleep, JoinHandle},
@@ -153,16 +156,37 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+pub type PubsubLogsClientSubscription = PubsubClientSubscription<RpcResponse<RpcLogsResponse>>;
 pub type LogsSubscription = (
-    PubsubClientSubscription<RpcResponse<RpcLogsResponse>>,
+    PubsubLogsClientSubscription,
     Receiver<RpcResponse<RpcLogsResponse>>,
 );
-pub type SlotsSubscription = (PubsubClientSubscription<SlotInfo>, Receiver<SlotInfo>);
+
+pub type PubsubSlotClientSubscription = PubsubClientSubscription<SlotInfo>;
+pub type SlotsSubscription = (PubsubSlotClientSubscription, Receiver<SlotInfo>);
+
+pub type PubsubSignatureClientSubscription =
+    PubsubClientSubscription<RpcResponse<RpcSignatureResult>>;
 pub type SignatureSubscription = (
-    PubsubClientSubscription<RpcResponse<RpcSignatureResult>>,
+    PubsubSignatureClientSubscription,
     Receiver<RpcResponse<RpcSignatureResult>>,
 );
 
+pub type PubsubProgramClientSubscription = PubsubClientSubscription<RpcResponse<RpcKeyedAccount>>;
+pub type ProgramSubscription = (
+    PubsubProgramClientSubscription,
+    Receiver<RpcResponse<RpcKeyedAccount>>,
+);
+
+pub type PubsubAccountClientSubscription = PubsubClientSubscription<RpcResponse<UiAccount>>;
+pub type AccountSubscription = (
+    PubsubAccountClientSubscription,
+    Receiver<RpcResponse<UiAccount>>,
+);
+
+pub type PubsubRootClientSubscription = PubsubClientSubscription<Slot>;
+pub type RootSubscription = (PubsubRootClientSubscription, Receiver<Slot>);
+
 pub struct PubsubClient {}
 
 fn connect_with_retry(url: Url) -> Result<WebSocket<AutoStream>, tungstenite::Error> {
@@ -188,6 +212,47 @@ fn connect_with_retry(url: Url) -> Result<WebSocket<AutoStream>, tungstenite::Er
 }
 
 impl PubsubClient {
+    pub fn account_subscribe(
+        url: &str,
+        pubkey: &Pubkey,
+        config: Option<RpcAccountInfoConfig>,
+    ) -> Result<AccountSubscription, PubsubClientError> {
+        let url = Url::parse(url)?;
+        let socket = connect_with_retry(url)?;
+        let (sender, receiver) = channel();
+
+        let socket = Arc::new(RwLock::new(socket));
+        let socket_clone = socket.clone();
+        let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let exit_clone = exit.clone();
+        let body = json!({
+            "jsonrpc":"2.0",
+            "id":1,
+            "method":"accountSubscribe",
+            "params":[
+                pubkey.to_string(),
+                config
+            ]
+        })
+        .to_string();
+        let subscription_id = PubsubAccountClientSubscription::send_subscribe(&socket_clone, body)?;
+
+        let t_cleanup = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            Self::cleanup_with_sender(exit_clone, &socket_clone, sender)
+        });
+
+        let result = PubsubClientSubscription {
+            message_type: PhantomData,
+            operation: "account",
+            socket,
+            subscription_id,
+            t_cleanup: Some(t_cleanup),
+            exit,
+        };
+
+        Ok((result, receiver))
+    }
+
     pub fn logs_subscribe(
         url: &str,
         filter: RpcTransactionLogsFilter,
@@ -201,38 +266,18 @@ impl PubsubClient {
         let socket_clone = socket.clone();
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
         let exit_clone = exit.clone();
+        let body = json!({
+            "jsonrpc":"2.0",
+            "id":1,
+            "method":"logsSubscribe",
+            "params":[filter, config]
+        })
+        .to_string();
 
-        let subscription_id =
-            PubsubClientSubscription::<RpcResponse<RpcLogsResponse>>::send_subscribe(
-                &socket_clone,
-                json!({
-                    "jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"logsSubscribe","params":[filter, config]
-                })
-                .to_string(),
-            )?;
+        let subscription_id = PubsubLogsClientSubscription::send_subscribe(&socket_clone, body)?;
 
         let t_cleanup = std::thread::spawn(move || {
-            loop {
-                if exit_clone.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                match PubsubClientSubscription::read_message(&socket_clone) {
-                    Ok(message) => match sender.send(message) {
-                        Ok(_) => (),
-                        Err(err) => {
-                            info!("receive error: {:?}", err);
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    },
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        info!("receive error: {:?}", err);
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            info!("websocket - exited receive loop");
+            Self::cleanup_with_sender(exit_clone, &socket_clone, sender)
         });
 
         let result = PubsubClientSubscription {
@@ -247,49 +292,71 @@ impl PubsubClient {
         Ok((result, receiver))
     }
 
-    pub fn slot_subscribe(url: &str) -> Result<SlotsSubscription, PubsubClientError> {
+    pub fn program_subscribe(
+        url: &str,
+        pubkey: &Pubkey,
+        config: Option<RpcProgramAccountsConfig>,
+    ) -> Result<ProgramSubscription, PubsubClientError> {
         let url = Url::parse(url)?;
         let socket = connect_with_retry(url)?;
-        let (sender, receiver) = channel::<SlotInfo>();
+        let (sender, receiver) = channel();
 
         let socket = Arc::new(RwLock::new(socket));
         let socket_clone = socket.clone();
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
         let exit_clone = exit.clone();
-        let subscription_id = PubsubClientSubscription::<SlotInfo>::send_subscribe(
-            &socket_clone,
-            json!({
-                "jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"slotSubscribe","params":[]
-            })
-            .to_string(),
-        )?;
+        let body = json!({
+            "jsonrpc":"2.0",
+            "id":1,
+            "method":"programSubscribe",
+            "params":[
+                pubkey.to_string(),
+                config
+            ]
+        })
+        .to_string();
+        let subscription_id = PubsubProgramClientSubscription::send_subscribe(&socket_clone, body)?;
 
         let t_cleanup = std::thread::spawn(move || {
-            loop {
-                if exit_clone.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-                    break;
-                }
-                match PubsubClientSubscription::read_message(&socket_clone) {
-                    Ok(message) => match sender.send(message) {
-                        Ok(_) => (),
-                        Err(err) => {
-                            info!("receive error: {:?}", err);
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    },
-                    Err(err) => {
-                        info!("receive error: {:?}", err);
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            info!("websocket - exited receive loop");
+            Self::cleanup_with_sender(exit_clone, &socket_clone, sender)
         });
 
         let result = PubsubClientSubscription {
             message_type: PhantomData,
-            operation: "slot",
+            operation: "program",
+            socket,
+            subscription_id,
+            t_cleanup: Some(t_cleanup),
+            exit,
+        };
+
+        Ok((result, receiver))
+    }
+
+    pub fn root_subscribe(url: &str) -> Result<RootSubscription, PubsubClientError> {
+        let url = Url::parse(url)?;
+        let socket = connect_with_retry(url)?;
+        let (sender, receiver) = channel();
+
+        let socket = Arc::new(RwLock::new(socket));
+        let socket_clone = socket.clone();
+        let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let exit_clone = exit.clone();
+        let body = json!({
+            "jsonrpc":"2.0",
+            "id":1,
+            "method":"rootSubscribe",
+        })
+        .to_string();
+        let subscription_id = PubsubRootClientSubscription::send_subscribe(&socket_clone, body)?;
+
+        let t_cleanup = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            Self::cleanup_with_sender(exit_clone, &socket_clone, sender)
+        });
+
+        let result = PubsubClientSubscription {
+            message_type: PhantomData,
+            operation: "root",
             socket,
             subscription_id,
             t_cleanup: Some(t_cleanup),
@@ -323,35 +390,10 @@ impl PubsubClient {
         })
         .to_string();
         let subscription_id =
-            PubsubClientSubscription::<RpcResponse<RpcSignatureResult>>::send_subscribe(
-                &socket_clone,
-                body,
-            )?;
+            PubsubSignatureClientSubscription::send_subscribe(&socket_clone, body)?;
 
         let t_cleanup = std::thread::spawn(move || {
-            loop {
-                if exit_clone.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                let message: Result<RpcResponse<RpcSignatureResult>, PubsubClientError> =
-                    PubsubClientSubscription::read_message(&socket_clone);
-
-                if let Ok(msg) = message {
-                    match sender.send(msg.clone()) {
-                        Ok(_) => (),
-                        Err(err) => {
-                            info!("receive error: {:?}", err);
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    info!("receive error: {:?}", message);
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-            info!("websocket - exited receive loop");
+            Self::cleanup_with_sender(exit_clone, &socket_clone, sender)
         });
 
         let result = PubsubClientSubscription {
@@ -366,6 +408,40 @@ impl PubsubClient {
         Ok((result, receiver))
     }
 
+    pub fn slot_subscribe(url: &str) -> Result<SlotsSubscription, PubsubClientError> {
+        let url = Url::parse(url)?;
+        let socket = connect_with_retry(url)?;
+        let (sender, receiver) = channel::<SlotInfo>();
+
+        let socket = Arc::new(RwLock::new(socket));
+        let socket_clone = socket.clone();
+        let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let exit_clone = exit.clone();
+        let body = json!({
+            "jsonrpc":"2.0",
+            "id":1,
+            "method":"slotSubscribe",
+            "params":[]
+        })
+        .to_string();
+        let subscription_id = PubsubSlotClientSubscription::send_subscribe(&socket_clone, body)?;
+
+        let t_cleanup = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            Self::cleanup_with_sender(exit_clone, &socket_clone, sender)
+        });
+
+        let result = PubsubClientSubscription {
+            message_type: PhantomData,
+            operation: "slot",
+            socket,
+            subscription_id,
+            t_cleanup: Some(t_cleanup),
+            exit,
+        };
+
+        Ok((result, receiver))
+    }
+
     pub fn slot_updates_subscribe(
         url: &str,
         handler: impl Fn(SlotUpdate) + Send + 'static,
@@ -374,35 +450,21 @@ impl PubsubClient {
         let socket = connect_with_retry(url)?;
 
         let socket = Arc::new(RwLock::new(socket));
+        let socket_clone = socket.clone();
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
         let exit_clone = exit.clone();
-        let subscription_id = PubsubClientSubscription::<SlotUpdate>::send_subscribe(
-            &socket,
-            json!({
-                "jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"slotsUpdatesSubscribe","params":[]
-            })
-            .to_string(),
-        )?;
+        let body = json!({
+            "jsonrpc":"2.0",
+            "id":1,
+            "method":"slotsUpdatesSubscribe",
+            "params":[]
+        })
+        .to_string();
+        let subscription_id = PubsubSlotClientSubscription::send_subscribe(&socket, body)?;
 
-        let t_cleanup = {
-            let socket = socket.clone();
-            std::thread::spawn(move || {
-                loop {
-                    if exit_clone.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-                        break;
-                    }
-                    match PubsubClientSubscription::read_message(&socket) {
-                        Ok(message) => handler(message),
-                        Err(err) => {
-                            info!("receive error: {:?}", err);
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                info!("websocket - exited receive loop");
-            })
-        };
+        let t_cleanup = std::thread::spawn(move || {
+            Self::cleanup_with_handler(exit_clone, &socket_clone, handler)
+        });
 
         Ok(PubsubClientSubscription {
             message_type: PhantomData,
@@ -413,6 +475,47 @@ impl PubsubClient {
             exit,
         })
     }
+
+    fn cleanup_with_sender<T>(
+        exit: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+        socket: &Arc<RwLock<WebSocket<AutoStream>>>,
+        sender: Sender<T>,
+    ) where
+        T: DeserializeOwned + Send + 'static,
+    {
+        let handler = move |message| match sender.send(message) {
+            Ok(_) => (),
+            Err(err) => {
+                info!("receive error: {:?}", err);
+            }
+        };
+        Self::cleanup_with_handler(exit, socket, handler);
+    }
+
+    fn cleanup_with_handler<T, F>(
+        exit: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+        socket: &Arc<RwLock<WebSocket<AutoStream>>>,
+        handler: F,
+    ) where
+        T: DeserializeOwned,
+        F: Fn(T) + Send + 'static,
+    {
+        loop {
+            if exit.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            match PubsubClientSubscription::read_message(socket) {
+                Ok(message) => handler(message),
+                Err(err) => {
+                    info!("receive error: {:?}", err);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        info!("websocket - exited receive loop");
+    }
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
diff --git a/client/src/rpc_response.rs b/client/src/rpc_response.rs
index ddbc41ef20..55ea2f1db9 100644
--- a/client/src/rpc_response.rs
+++ b/client/src/rpc_response.rs
@@ -279,6 +279,14 @@ pub struct RpcIdentity {
     pub identity: String,
 }
 
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RpcVote {
+    pub slots: Vec<Slot>,
+    pub hash: String,
+    pub timestamp: Option<UnixTimestamp>,
+}
+
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct RpcVoteAccountStatus {
diff --git a/core/tests/client.rs b/core/tests/client.rs
index 99a8c87c83..325124650f 100644
--- a/core/tests/client.rs
+++ b/core/tests/client.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,11 @@
-use solana_client::{pubsub_client::PubsubClient, rpc_client::RpcClient, rpc_response::SlotInfo};
+use serde_json::{json, Value};
+use serial_test::serial;
+use solana_client::{
+    pubsub_client::PubsubClient,
+    rpc_client::RpcClient,
+    rpc_config::{RpcAccountInfoConfig, RpcProgramAccountsConfig},
+    rpc_response::SlotInfo,
+};
 use solana_core::test_validator::TestValidator;
 use solana_rpc::{
     optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank,
@@ -8,18 +15,21 @@ use solana_rpc::{
 use solana_runtime::{
     bank::Bank,
     bank_forks::BankForks,
-    commitment::BlockCommitmentCache,
+    commitment::{BlockCommitmentCache, CommitmentSlots},
     genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo},
 };
 use solana_sdk::{
+    clock::Slot,
     commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,
     native_token::sol_to_lamports,
+    pubkey::Pubkey,
     rpc_port,
     signature::{Keypair, Signer},
-    system_transaction,
+    system_program, system_transaction,
 };
 use solana_streamer::socket::SocketAddrSpace;
 use std::{
+    collections::HashSet,
     net::{IpAddr, SocketAddr},
     sync::{
         atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
@@ -87,6 +97,246 @@ fn test_rpc_client() {
 }
 
 #[test]
+#[serial]
+fn test_account_subscription() {
+    let pubsub_addr = SocketAddr::new(
+        IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0)),
+        rpc_port::DEFAULT_RPC_PUBSUB_PORT,
+    );
+    let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+
+    let GenesisConfigInfo {
+        genesis_config,
+        mint_keypair: alice,
+        ..
+    } = create_genesis_config(10_000);
+    let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
+    let blockhash = bank.last_blockhash();
+    let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+    let bank0 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(0).unwrap().clone();
+    let bank1 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank0, &Pubkey::default(), 1);
+    bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank1);
+    let bob = Keypair::new();
+
+    let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new_for_tests(
+        &exit,
+        bank_forks.clone(),
+        Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default())),
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
+    ));
+    let (trigger, pubsub_service) =
+        PubSubService::new(PubSubConfig::default(), &subscriptions, pubsub_addr);
+    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(400));
+    let config = Some(RpcAccountInfoConfig {
+        commitment: Some(CommitmentConfig::finalized()),
+        encoding: None,
+        data_slice: None,
+    });
+    let (mut client, receiver) = PubsubClient::account_subscribe(
+        &format!("ws://0.0.0.0:{}/", pubsub_addr.port()),
+        &bob.pubkey(),
+        config,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+
+    // Transfer 100 lamports from alice to bob
+    let tx = system_transaction::transfer(&alice, &bob.pubkey(), 100, blockhash);
+    bank_forks
+        .write()
+        .unwrap()
+        .get(1)
+        .unwrap()
+        .process_transaction(&tx)
+        .unwrap();
+    let commitment_slots = CommitmentSlots {
+        slot: 1,
+        ..CommitmentSlots::default()
+    };
+    subscriptions.notify_subscribers(commitment_slots);
+    let commitment_slots = CommitmentSlots {
+        slot: 2,
+        root: 1,
+        highest_confirmed_slot: 1,
+        highest_confirmed_root: 1,
+    };
+    subscriptions.notify_subscribers(commitment_slots);
+
+    let expected = json!({
+    "context": { "slot": 1 },
+        "value": {
+            "owner": system_program::id().to_string(),
+            "lamports": 100,
+            "data": "",
+            "executable": false,
+            "rentEpoch": 0,
+        },
+    });
+
+    // Read notification
+    let mut errors: Vec<(Value, Value)> = Vec::new();
+    let response = receiver.recv();
+    match response {
+        Ok(response) => {
+            let actual = serde_json::to_value(response).unwrap();
+            if expected != actual {
+                errors.push((expected, actual));
+            }
+        }
+        Err(_) => eprintln!("unexpected websocket receive timeout"),
+    }
+
+    exit.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+    trigger.cancel();
+    client.shutdown().unwrap();
+    pubsub_service.close().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(errors, [].to_vec());
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[serial]
+fn test_program_subscription() {
+    let pubsub_addr = SocketAddr::new(
+        IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0)),
+        rpc_port::DEFAULT_RPC_PUBSUB_PORT,
+    );
+    let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+
+    let GenesisConfigInfo {
+        genesis_config,
+        mint_keypair: alice,
+        ..
+    } = create_genesis_config(10_000);
+    let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
+    let blockhash = bank.last_blockhash();
+    let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+    let bank0 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(0).unwrap().clone();
+    let bank1 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank0, &Pubkey::default(), 1);
+    bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank1);
+    let bob = Keypair::new();
+
+    let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new_for_tests(
+        &exit,
+        bank_forks.clone(),
+        Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default())),
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
+    ));
+    let (trigger, pubsub_service) =
+        PubSubService::new(PubSubConfig::default(), &subscriptions, pubsub_addr);
+    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(400));
+    let config = Some(RpcProgramAccountsConfig {
+        ..RpcProgramAccountsConfig::default()
+    });
+
+    let program_id = Pubkey::new_unique();
+    let (mut client, receiver) = PubsubClient::program_subscribe(
+        &format!("ws://0.0.0.0:{}/", pubsub_addr.port()),
+        &program_id,
+        config,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+
+    // Create new program account at bob's address
+    let tx = system_transaction::create_account(&alice, &bob, blockhash, 100, 0, &program_id);
+    bank_forks
+        .write()
+        .unwrap()
+        .get(1)
+        .unwrap()
+        .process_transaction(&tx)
+        .unwrap();
+    let commitment_slots = CommitmentSlots {
+        slot: 1,
+        ..CommitmentSlots::default()
+    };
+    subscriptions.notify_subscribers(commitment_slots);
+    let commitment_slots = CommitmentSlots {
+        slot: 2,
+        root: 1,
+        highest_confirmed_slot: 1,
+        highest_confirmed_root: 1,
+    };
+    subscriptions.notify_subscribers(commitment_slots);
+
+    // Poll notifications generated by the transfer
+    let mut notifications = Vec::new();
+    let mut pubkeys = HashSet::new();
+    loop {
+        let response = receiver.recv_timeout(Duration::from_millis(100));
+        match response {
+            Ok(response) => {
+                notifications.push(response.clone());
+                pubkeys.insert(response.value.pubkey);
+            }
+            Err(_) => {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Shutdown
+    exit.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+    trigger.cancel();
+    client.shutdown().unwrap();
+    pubsub_service.close().unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(notifications.len(), 1);
+    assert!(pubkeys.contains(&bob.pubkey().to_string()));
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[serial]
+fn test_root_subscription() {
+    let pubsub_addr = SocketAddr::new(
+        IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0)),
+        rpc_port::DEFAULT_RPC_PUBSUB_PORT,
+    );
+    let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+
+    let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(10_000);
+    let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
+    let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+    let bank0 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(0).unwrap().clone();
+    let bank1 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank0, &Pubkey::default(), 1);
+    bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank1);
+
+    let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new_for_tests(
+        &exit,
+        bank_forks.clone(),
+        Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default())),
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
+    ));
+    let (trigger, pubsub_service) =
+        PubSubService::new(PubSubConfig::default(), &subscriptions, pubsub_addr);
+    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(400));
+    let (mut client, receiver) =
+        PubsubClient::root_subscribe(&format!("ws://0.0.0.0:{}/", pubsub_addr.port())).unwrap();
+
+    let roots = vec![1, 2, 3];
+    subscriptions.notify_roots(roots.clone());
+
+    // Read notifications
+    let mut errors: Vec<(Slot, Slot)> = Vec::new();
+    for expected in roots {
+        let response = receiver.recv();
+        match response {
+            Ok(response) => {
+                if expected != response {
+                    errors.push((expected, response));
+                }
+            }
+            Err(_) => eprintln!("unexpected websocket receive timeout"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    exit.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+    trigger.cancel();
+    client.shutdown().unwrap();
+    pubsub_service.close().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(errors, [].to_vec());
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[serial]
 fn test_slot_subscription() {
     let pubsub_addr = SocketAddr::new(
         IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::new(0, 0, 0, 0)),
diff --git a/rpc/src/rpc_pubsub.rs b/rpc/src/rpc_pubsub.rs
index bdb48f8e04..c8002e1ee7 100644
--- a/rpc/src/rpc_pubsub.rs
+++ b/rpc/src/rpc_pubsub.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ use {
             ProgramSubscriptionParams, SignatureSubscriptionParams, SubscriptionControl,
             SubscriptionId, SubscriptionParams, SubscriptionToken,
         },
-        rpc_subscriptions::RpcVote,
     },
     dashmap::DashMap,
     jsonrpc_core::{Error, ErrorCode, Result},
@@ -21,7 +20,7 @@ use {
             RpcTransactionLogsConfig, RpcTransactionLogsFilter,
         },
         rpc_response::{
-            Response as RpcResponse, RpcKeyedAccount, RpcLogsResponse, RpcSignatureResult,
+            Response as RpcResponse, RpcKeyedAccount, RpcLogsResponse, RpcSignatureResult, RpcVote,
             SlotInfo, SlotUpdate,
         },
     },
diff --git a/rpc/src/rpc_subscriptions.rs b/rpc/src/rpc_subscriptions.rs
index cb9e391c34..3191e5c951 100644
--- a/rpc/src/rpc_subscriptions.rs
+++ b/rpc/src/rpc_subscriptions.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use {
         rpc_filter::RpcFilterType,
         rpc_response::{
             ProcessedSignatureResult, ReceivedSignatureResult, Response, RpcKeyedAccount,
-            RpcLogsResponse, RpcResponseContext, RpcSignatureResult, SlotInfo, SlotUpdate,
+            RpcLogsResponse, RpcResponseContext, RpcSignatureResult, RpcVote, SlotInfo, SlotUpdate,
         },
     },
     solana_measure::measure::Measure,
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ use {
     },
     solana_sdk::{
         account::{AccountSharedData, ReadableAccount},
-        clock::{Slot, UnixTimestamp},
+        clock::Slot,
         pubkey::Pubkey,
         signature::Signature,
         timing::timestamp,
@@ -69,15 +69,6 @@ fn get_transaction_logs(
     }
     logs
 }
-
-// A more human-friendly version of Vote, with the bank state signature base58 encoded.
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug)]
-pub struct RpcVote {
-    pub slots: Vec<Slot>,
-    pub hash: String,
-    pub timestamp: Option<UnixTimestamp>,
-}
-
 pub enum NotificationEntry {
     Slot(SlotInfo),
     SlotUpdate(SlotUpdate),