Implement Bip32 for seed-phrase/passphrase signing (backport #16942) (#17018)

* Implement Bip32 for seed-phrase/passphrase signing (#16942)

* Add Keypair helpers for bip32 derivation

* Plumb bip32 for SignerSourceKind::Ask

* Support full-path querystring

* Use as_ref

* Add public wrappers for from_uri cases

* Support master root derivations (and fix too-deep print

* Add ask:// HD documentation

* Update ASK elsewhere in docs

(cherry picked from commit 694c674aa6)

# Conflicts:
#	programs/bpf/Cargo.lock

* Fix conflict

Co-authored-by: Tyera Eulberg <teulberg@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Tyera Eulberg <tyera@solana.com>

programs/bpf/Cargo.lock

@@ -610,6 +610,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "subtle 2.2.2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "crypto-mac"
+version = "0.9.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "58bcd97a54c7ca5ce2f6eb16f6bede5b0ab5f0055fedc17d2f0b4466e21671ca"
+dependencies = [
+ "generic-array 0.14.3",
+ "subtle 2.2.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "crypto-mac"
 version = "0.10.0"
@@ -767,6 +777,19 @@ dependencies = [
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ed25519-dalek-bip32"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "057f328f31294b5ab432e6c39642f54afd1531677d6d4ba2905932844cc242f3"
+dependencies = [
+ "derivation-path",
+ "ed25519-dalek",
+ "failure",
+ "hmac 0.9.0",
+ "sha2 0.9.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "either"
 version = "1.5.3"
@@ -816,6 +839,7 @@ version = "0.1.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d32e9bd16cc02eae7db7ef620b392808b89f6a5e16bb3497d159c6b92a0f4f86"
 dependencies = [
+ "backtrace",
  "failure_derive",
 ]
 
@@ -1179,6 +1203,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "digest 0.9.0",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "hmac"
+version = "0.9.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "deae6d9dbb35ec2c502d62b8f7b1c000a0822c3b0794ba36b3149c0a1c840dff"
+dependencies = [
+ "crypto-mac 0.9.1",
+ "digest 0.9.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "hmac"
 version = "0.10.1"
@@ -3382,6 +3416,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "derivation-path",
  "digest 0.9.0",
  "ed25519-dalek",
+ "ed25519-dalek-bip32",
  "generic-array 0.14.3",
  "hex",
  "hmac 0.10.1",