adds crds-value for broadcasting duplicate shreds through gossip (#14133)

In gossip, the header overhead we get from:
https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/de9ac43eb/core/src/cluster_info.rs#L434-L435
https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/de9ac43eb/core/src/crds_value.rs#L31-L36
https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/de9ac43eb/core/src/crds_value.rs#L73
already exceeds SIZE_OF_NONCE in shreds. We also need aditional
meta-data (wallclock, source pubkey, ...). Which means that given the
SHRED_PAYLOAD_SIZE, we cannot fit all these in PACKET_DATA_SIZE:
https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/de9ac43eb/ledger/src/shred.rs#L80

On top of that, we need 2 shred payloads as the proof of duplicate. So
each DuplicateShred crds value includes only a chunk of the payload,
along with the meta-data to reconstruct the full payload from the chunks
on the receiving end.

core/src/lib.rs

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ pub mod crds_gossip_push;
 pub mod crds_shards;
 pub mod crds_value;
 pub mod data_budget;
+pub mod duplicate_shred;
 pub mod epoch_slots;
 pub mod fetch_stage;
 pub mod fork_choice;