diff --git a/core/src/cluster_info_vote_listener.rs b/core/src/cluster_info_vote_listener.rs
index cd476d5c31..88c45c9ec6 100644
--- a/core/src/cluster_info_vote_listener.rs
+++ b/core/src/cluster_info_vote_listener.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use crate::{
     cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, GOSSIP_SLEEP_MILLIS},
     crds_value::CrdsValueLabel,
     optimistic_confirmation_verifier::OptimisticConfirmationVerifier,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::{BankNotification, BankNotificationSender},
     poh_recorder::PohRecorder,
     pubkey_references::LockedPubkeyReferences,
     result::{Error, Result},
@@ -248,6 +249,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
         verified_vote_sender: VerifiedVoteSender,
         replay_votes_receiver: ReplayVoteReceiver,
         blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>,
+        bank_notification_sender: Option<BankNotificationSender>,
     ) -> Self {
         let exit_ = exit.clone();
 
@@ -293,6 +295,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
                     verified_vote_sender,
                     replay_votes_receiver,
                     blockstore,
+                    bank_notification_sender,
                 );
             })
             .unwrap();
@@ -420,6 +423,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
         verified_vote_sender: VerifiedVoteSender,
         replay_votes_receiver: ReplayVoteReceiver,
         blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>,
+        bank_notification_sender: Option<BankNotificationSender>,
     ) -> Result<()> {
         let mut optimistic_confirmation_verifier =
             OptimisticConfirmationVerifier::new(bank_forks.read().unwrap().root());
@@ -451,6 +455,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
                 &subscriptions,
                 &verified_vote_sender,
                 &replay_votes_receiver,
+                &bank_notification_sender,
             );
 
             if let Err(e) = optimistic_confirmed_slots {
@@ -485,6 +490,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
             subscriptions,
             verified_vote_sender,
             replay_votes_receiver,
+            &None,
         )
     }
 
@@ -495,6 +501,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
         subscriptions: &RpcSubscriptions,
         verified_vote_sender: &VerifiedVoteSender,
         replay_votes_receiver: &ReplayVoteReceiver,
+        bank_notification_sender: &Option<BankNotificationSender>,
     ) -> Result<Vec<(Slot, Hash)>> {
         let mut sel = Select::new();
         sel.recv(gossip_vote_txs_receiver);
@@ -523,6 +530,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
                     root_bank,
                     subscriptions,
                     verified_vote_sender,
+                    bank_notification_sender,
                 ));
             } else {
                 remaining_wait_time = remaining_wait_time
@@ -543,6 +551,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
         diff: &mut HashMap<Slot, HashMap<Arc<Pubkey>, bool>>,
         new_optimistic_confirmed_slots: &mut Vec<(Slot, Hash)>,
         is_gossip_vote: bool,
+        bank_notification_sender: &Option<BankNotificationSender>,
     ) {
         if vote.slots.is_empty() {
             return;
@@ -595,7 +604,13 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
                 if is_confirmed {
                     new_optimistic_confirmed_slots.push((*slot, last_vote_hash));
                     // Notify subscribers about new optimistic confirmation
-                    subscriptions.notify_gossip_subscribers(*slot);
+                    if let Some(sender) = bank_notification_sender {
+                        sender
+                            .send(BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(*slot))
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|err| {
+                                warn!("bank_notification_sender failed: {:?}", err)
+                            });
+                    }
                 }
 
                 if !is_new && !is_gossip_vote {
@@ -636,6 +651,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
         root_bank: &Bank,
         subscriptions: &RpcSubscriptions,
         verified_vote_sender: &VerifiedVoteSender,
+        bank_notification_sender: &Option<BankNotificationSender>,
     ) -> Vec<(Slot, Hash)> {
         let mut diff: HashMap<Slot, HashMap<Arc<Pubkey>, bool>> = HashMap::new();
         let mut new_optimistic_confirmed_slots = vec![];
@@ -686,6 +702,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
                 &mut diff,
                 &mut new_optimistic_confirmed_slots,
                 is_gossip,
+                bank_notification_sender,
             );
         }
 
@@ -769,6 +786,7 @@ impl ClusterInfoVoteListener {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank;
     use solana_perf::packet;
     use solana_runtime::{
         bank::Bank,
@@ -996,6 +1014,7 @@ mod tests {
             &subscriptions,
             &verified_vote_sender,
             &replay_votes_receiver,
+            &None,
         )
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -1024,6 +1043,7 @@ mod tests {
             &subscriptions,
             &verified_vote_sender,
             &replay_votes_receiver,
+            &None,
         )
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -1101,6 +1121,7 @@ mod tests {
             &subscriptions,
             &verified_vote_sender,
             &replay_votes_receiver,
+            &None,
         )
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -1219,6 +1240,7 @@ mod tests {
             &subscriptions,
             &verified_vote_sender,
             &replay_votes_receiver,
+            &None,
         )
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -1313,6 +1335,7 @@ mod tests {
                     &subscriptions,
                     &verified_vote_sender,
                     &replay_votes_receiver,
+                    &None,
                 );
             }
             let slot_vote_tracker = vote_tracker.get_slot_vote_tracker(vote_slot).unwrap();
@@ -1423,13 +1446,16 @@ mod tests {
             );
         let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
-        let bank_forks = BankForks::new(bank);
-        let bank = bank_forks.get(0).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+        let bank = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(0).unwrap().clone();
         let vote_tracker = VoteTracker::new(&bank);
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
-            Arc::new(RwLock::new(bank_forks)),
+            bank_forks,
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default())),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         ));
 
         // Send a vote to process, should add a reference to the pubkey for that voter
@@ -1460,6 +1486,7 @@ mod tests {
             &bank,
             &subscriptions,
             &verified_vote_sender,
+            &None,
         );
         let ref_count = Arc::strong_count(
             &vote_tracker
@@ -1529,6 +1556,7 @@ mod tests {
             &new_root_bank,
             &subscriptions,
             &verified_vote_sender,
+            &None,
         );
 
         // Check new replay vote pubkey first
@@ -1578,12 +1606,15 @@ mod tests {
         let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
         let vote_tracker = VoteTracker::new(&bank);
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
-        let bank_forks = BankForks::new(bank);
-        let bank = bank_forks.get(0).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+        let bank = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(0).unwrap().clone();
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
-            Arc::new(RwLock::new(bank_forks)),
+            bank_forks,
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default())),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         ));
 
         // Integrity Checks
diff --git a/core/src/lib.rs b/core/src/lib.rs
index d7c2130d4e..771c9ed7e6 100644
--- a/core/src/lib.rs
+++ b/core/src/lib.rs
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ pub mod ledger_cleanup_service;
 pub mod local_vote_signer_service;
 pub mod non_circulating_supply;
 pub mod optimistic_confirmation_verifier;
+pub mod optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker;
 pub mod poh_recorder;
 pub mod poh_service;
 pub mod progress_map;
diff --git a/core/src/optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker.rs b/core/src/optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8de96bac88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/src/optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+//! The `optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker` module implements a threaded service to track the
+//! most recent optimistically confirmed bank for use in rpc services, and triggers gossip
+//! subscription notifications
+
+use crate::rpc_subscriptions::RpcSubscriptions;
+use crossbeam_channel::{Receiver, RecvTimeoutError, Sender};
+use solana_runtime::{bank::Bank, bank_forks::BankForks};
+use solana_sdk::clock::Slot;
+use std::{
+    collections::HashSet,
+    sync::{
+        atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+        Arc, RwLock,
+    },
+    thread::{self, Builder, JoinHandle},
+    time::Duration,
+};
+
+pub struct OptimisticallyConfirmedBank {
+    pub bank: Arc<Bank>,
+}
+
+impl OptimisticallyConfirmedBank {
+    pub fn locked_from_bank_forks_root(bank_forks: &Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>) -> Arc<RwLock<Self>> {
+        Arc::new(RwLock::new(Self {
+            bank: bank_forks.read().unwrap().root_bank().clone(),
+        }))
+    }
+}
+
+pub enum BankNotification {
+    OptimisticallyConfirmed(Slot),
+    Frozen(Arc<Bank>),
+    Root(Arc<Bank>),
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for BankNotification {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(slot) => {
+                write!(f, "OptimisticallyConfirmed({:?})", slot)
+            }
+            BankNotification::Frozen(bank) => write!(f, "Frozen({})", bank.slot()),
+            BankNotification::Root(bank) => write!(f, "Root({})", bank.slot()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub type BankNotificationReceiver = Receiver<BankNotification>;
+pub type BankNotificationSender = Sender<BankNotification>;
+
+pub struct OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker {
+    thread_hdl: JoinHandle<()>,
+}
+
+impl OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker {
+    pub fn new(
+        receiver: BankNotificationReceiver,
+        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
+        bank_forks: Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>,
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank: Arc<RwLock<OptimisticallyConfirmedBank>>,
+        subscriptions: Arc<RpcSubscriptions>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let exit_ = exit.clone();
+        let mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks = HashSet::new();
+        let thread_hdl = Builder::new()
+            .name("solana-optimistic-bank-tracker".to_string())
+            .spawn(move || loop {
+                if exit_.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                if let Err(RecvTimeoutError::Disconnected) = Self::recv_notification(
+                    &receiver,
+                    &bank_forks,
+                    &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+                    &subscriptions,
+                    &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+                ) {
+                    break;
+                }
+            })
+            .unwrap();
+        Self { thread_hdl }
+    }
+
+    fn recv_notification(
+        receiver: &Receiver<BankNotification>,
+        bank_forks: &Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>,
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank: &Arc<RwLock<OptimisticallyConfirmedBank>>,
+        subscriptions: &Arc<RpcSubscriptions>,
+        mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks: &mut HashSet<Slot>,
+    ) -> Result<(), RecvTimeoutError> {
+        let notification = receiver.recv_timeout(Duration::from_secs(1))?;
+        Self::process_notification(
+            notification,
+            bank_forks,
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn process_notification(
+        notification: BankNotification,
+        bank_forks: &Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>,
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank: &Arc<RwLock<OptimisticallyConfirmedBank>>,
+        subscriptions: &Arc<RpcSubscriptions>,
+        pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks: &mut HashSet<Slot>,
+    ) {
+        debug!("received bank notification: {:?}", notification);
+        match notification {
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(slot) => {
+                if let Some(bank) = bank_forks
+                    .read()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .get(slot)
+                    .filter(|b| b.is_frozen())
+                {
+                    let mut w_optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+                        optimistically_confirmed_bank.write().unwrap();
+                    if bank.slot() > w_optimistically_confirmed_bank.bank.slot() {
+                        w_optimistically_confirmed_bank.bank = bank.clone();
+                        subscriptions.notify_gossip_subscribers(slot);
+                    }
+                    drop(w_optimistically_confirmed_bank);
+                } else if slot > bank_forks.read().unwrap().root_bank().slot() {
+                    pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.insert(slot);
+                }
+            }
+            BankNotification::Frozen(bank) => {
+                let frozen_slot = bank.slot();
+                if pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.remove(&bank.slot()) {
+                    let mut w_optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+                        optimistically_confirmed_bank.write().unwrap();
+                    if frozen_slot > w_optimistically_confirmed_bank.bank.slot() {
+                        w_optimistically_confirmed_bank.bank = bank;
+                        subscriptions.notify_gossip_subscribers(frozen_slot);
+                    }
+                    drop(w_optimistically_confirmed_bank);
+                }
+            }
+            BankNotification::Root(bank) => {
+                let root_slot = bank.slot();
+                let mut w_optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+                    optimistically_confirmed_bank.write().unwrap();
+                if root_slot > w_optimistically_confirmed_bank.bank.slot() {
+                    w_optimistically_confirmed_bank.bank = bank;
+                }
+                drop(w_optimistically_confirmed_bank);
+                pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.retain(|&s| s > root_slot);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn close(self) -> thread::Result<()> {
+        self.join()
+    }
+
+    pub fn join(self) -> thread::Result<()> {
+        self.thread_hdl.join()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use solana_ledger::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
+    use solana_runtime::commitment::BlockCommitmentCache;
+    use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_process_notification() {
+        let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(100);
+        let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
+        let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+        let bank0 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(0).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank1 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank0, &Pubkey::default(), 1);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank1);
+        let bank1 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(1).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank2 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank1, &Pubkey::default(), 2);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank2);
+        let bank2 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(2).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank3 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank2, &Pubkey::default(), 3);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank3);
+
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
+
+        let block_commitment_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default()));
+        let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
+            &exit,
+            bank_forks.clone(),
+            block_commitment_cache,
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank.clone(),
+        ));
+        let mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks = HashSet::new();
+
+        assert_eq!(optimistically_confirmed_bank.read().unwrap().bank.slot(), 0);
+
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(2),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(optimistically_confirmed_bank.read().unwrap().bank.slot(), 2);
+
+        // Test max optimistically confirmed bank remains in the cache
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(1),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(optimistically_confirmed_bank.read().unwrap().bank.slot(), 2);
+
+        // Test bank will only be cached when frozen
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(3),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(optimistically_confirmed_bank.read().unwrap().bank.slot(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.contains(&3), true);
+
+        // Test bank will only be cached when frozen
+        let bank3 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(3).unwrap().clone();
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::Frozen(bank3),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(optimistically_confirmed_bank.read().unwrap().bank.slot(), 3);
+
+        // Test higher root will be cached and clear pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks
+        let bank3 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(3).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank4 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank3, &Pubkey::default(), 4);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank4);
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(4),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(optimistically_confirmed_bank.read().unwrap().bank.slot(), 3);
+        assert_eq!(pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.contains(&4), true);
+
+        let bank4 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(4).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank5 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank4, &Pubkey::default(), 5);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank5);
+        let bank5 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(5).unwrap().clone();
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::Root(bank5),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(optimistically_confirmed_bank.read().unwrap().bank.slot(), 5);
+        assert_eq!(pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.len(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.contains(&4), false);
+
+        // Banks <= root do not get added to pending list, even if not frozen
+        let bank5 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(5).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank6 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank5, &Pubkey::default(), 6);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank6);
+        let bank5 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(5).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank7 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank5, &Pubkey::default(), 7);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank7);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().set_root(7, &None, None);
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(6),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        assert_eq!(optimistically_confirmed_bank.read().unwrap().bank.slot(), 5);
+        assert_eq!(pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.len(), 0);
+        assert_eq!(pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks.contains(&6), false);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/src/replay_stage.rs b/core/src/replay_stage.rs
index cbef8f42a0..de42e5ec12 100644
--- a/core/src/replay_stage.rs
+++ b/core/src/replay_stage.rs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use crate::{
     consensus::{ComputedBankState, Stake, SwitchForkDecision, Tower, VotedStakes},
     fork_choice::{ForkChoice, SelectVoteAndResetForkResult},
     heaviest_subtree_fork_choice::HeaviestSubtreeForkChoice,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::{BankNotification, BankNotificationSender},
     poh_recorder::{PohRecorder, GRACE_TICKS_FACTOR, MAX_GRACE_SLOTS},
     progress_map::{ForkProgress, ProgressMap, PropagatedStats},
     pubkey_references::PubkeyReferences,
@@ -108,6 +109,7 @@ pub struct ReplayStageConfig {
     pub transaction_status_sender: Option<TransactionStatusSender>,
     pub rewards_recorder_sender: Option<RewardsRecorderSender>,
     pub cache_block_time_sender: Option<CacheBlockTimeSender>,
+    pub bank_notification_sender: Option<BankNotificationSender>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Default)]
@@ -239,6 +241,7 @@ impl ReplayStage {
             transaction_status_sender,
             rewards_recorder_sender,
             cache_block_time_sender,
+            bank_notification_sender,
         } = config;
 
         trace!("replay stage");
@@ -308,8 +311,8 @@ impl ReplayStage {
                         transaction_status_sender.clone(),
                         &verify_recyclers,
                         &mut heaviest_subtree_fork_choice,
-                        &subscriptions,
                         &replay_vote_sender,
+                        &bank_notification_sender,
                     );
                     replay_active_banks_time.stop();
                     Self::report_memory(&allocated, "replay_active_banks", start);
@@ -462,6 +465,7 @@ impl ReplayStage {
                             &block_commitment_cache,
                             &mut heaviest_subtree_fork_choice,
                             &cache_block_time_sender,
+                            &bank_notification_sender,
                         )?;
                     };
                     voting_time.stop();
@@ -1032,6 +1036,7 @@ impl ReplayStage {
         block_commitment_cache: &Arc<RwLock<BlockCommitmentCache>>,
         heaviest_subtree_fork_choice: &mut HeaviestSubtreeForkChoice,
         cache_block_time_sender: &Option<CacheBlockTimeSender>,
+        bank_notification_sender: &Option<BankNotificationSender>,
     ) -> Result<()> {
         if bank.is_empty() {
             inc_new_counter_info!("replay_stage-voted_empty_bank", 1);
@@ -1055,7 +1060,7 @@ impl ReplayStage {
                 .expect("Root bank doesn't exist")
                 .clone();
             let mut rooted_banks = root_bank.parents();
-            rooted_banks.push(root_bank);
+            rooted_banks.push(root_bank.clone());
             let rooted_slots: Vec<_> = rooted_banks.iter().map(|bank| bank.slot()).collect();
             // Call leader schedule_cache.set_root() before blockstore.set_root() because
             // bank_forks.root is consumed by repair_service to update gossip, so we don't want to
@@ -1087,6 +1092,11 @@ impl ReplayStage {
                 heaviest_subtree_fork_choice,
             );
             subscriptions.notify_roots(rooted_slots);
+            if let Some(sender) = bank_notification_sender {
+                sender
+                    .send(BankNotification::Root(root_bank))
+                    .unwrap_or_else(|err| warn!("bank_notification_sender failed: {:?}", err));
+            }
             latest_root_senders.iter().for_each(|s| {
                 if let Err(e) = s.send(new_root) {
                     trace!("latest root send failed: {:?}", e);
@@ -1253,8 +1263,8 @@ impl ReplayStage {
         transaction_status_sender: Option<TransactionStatusSender>,
         verify_recyclers: &VerifyRecyclers,
         heaviest_subtree_fork_choice: &mut HeaviestSubtreeForkChoice,
-        subscriptions: &Arc<RpcSubscriptions>,
         replay_vote_sender: &ReplayVoteSender,
+        bank_notification_sender: &Option<BankNotificationSender>,
     ) -> bool {
         let mut did_complete_bank = false;
         let mut tx_count = 0;
@@ -1325,7 +1335,11 @@ impl ReplayStage {
                 bank.freeze();
                 heaviest_subtree_fork_choice
                     .add_new_leaf_slot(bank.slot(), Some(bank.parent_slot()));
-                subscriptions.notify_frozen(bank.slot());
+                if let Some(sender) = bank_notification_sender {
+                    sender
+                        .send(BankNotification::Frozen(bank.clone()))
+                        .unwrap_or_else(|err| warn!("bank_notification_sender failed: {:?}", err));
+                }
             } else {
                 trace!(
                     "bank {} not completed tick_height: {}, max_tick_height: {}",
@@ -1961,6 +1975,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
     use crate::{
         consensus::test::{initialize_state, VoteSimulator},
         consensus::Tower,
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank,
         progress_map::ValidatorStakeInfo,
         replay_stage::ReplayStage,
         transaction_status_service::TransactionStatusService,
@@ -2073,11 +2088,14 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
         let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank0)));
 
         // RpcSubscriptions
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
         let rpc_subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
             bank_forks.clone(),
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default())),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         ));
 
         ReplayBlockstoreComponents {
@@ -2568,6 +2586,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
             &exit,
             bank_forks.clone(),
             block_commitment_cache.clone(),
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
         ));
         let (lockouts_sender, _) =
             AggregateCommitmentService::new(&exit, block_commitment_cache.clone(), subscriptions);
diff --git a/core/src/rpc.rs b/core/src/rpc.rs
index 973dc1c166..c83b47a766 100644
--- a/core/src/rpc.rs
+++ b/core/src/rpc.rs
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ use crate::{
     cluster_info::ClusterInfo,
     contact_info::ContactInfo,
     non_circulating_supply::calculate_non_circulating_supply,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank,
     rpc_error::RpcCustomError,
     rpc_health::*,
     send_transaction_service::{SendTransactionService, TransactionInfo},
@@ -121,6 +122,7 @@ pub struct JsonRpcRequestProcessor {
     transaction_sender: Arc<Mutex<Sender<TransactionInfo>>>,
     runtime_handle: runtime::Handle,
     bigtable_ledger_storage: Option<solana_storage_bigtable::LedgerStorage>,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank: Arc<RwLock<OptimisticallyConfirmedBank>>,
 }
 impl Metadata for JsonRpcRequestProcessor {}
 
@@ -134,6 +136,17 @@ impl JsonRpcRequestProcessor {
             Some(config) => config.commitment,
         };
 
+        if commitment_level == CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip {
+            let bank = self
+                .optimistically_confirmed_bank
+                .read()
+                .unwrap()
+                .bank
+                .clone();
+            debug!("RPC using optimistically confirmed slot: {:?}", bank.slot());
+            return bank;
+        }
+
         let slot = self
             .block_commitment_cache
             .read()
@@ -147,12 +160,13 @@ impl JsonRpcRequestProcessor {
             CommitmentLevel::Root => {
                 debug!("RPC using node root: {:?}", slot);
             }
-            CommitmentLevel::Single | CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip => {
+            CommitmentLevel::Single => {
                 debug!("RPC using confirmed slot: {:?}", slot);
             }
             CommitmentLevel::Max => {
                 debug!("RPC using block: {:?}", slot);
             }
+            CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip => unreachable!(),
         };
 
         r_bank_forks.get(slot).cloned().unwrap_or_else(|| {
@@ -187,6 +201,7 @@ impl JsonRpcRequestProcessor {
         genesis_hash: Hash,
         runtime: &runtime::Runtime,
         bigtable_ledger_storage: Option<solana_storage_bigtable::LedgerStorage>,
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank: Arc<RwLock<OptimisticallyConfirmedBank>>,
     ) -> (Self, Receiver<TransactionInfo>) {
         let (sender, receiver) = channel();
         (
@@ -202,6 +217,7 @@ impl JsonRpcRequestProcessor {
                 transaction_sender: Arc::new(Mutex::new(sender)),
                 runtime_handle: runtime.handle().clone(),
                 bigtable_ledger_storage,
+                optimistically_confirmed_bank,
             },
             receiver,
         )
@@ -237,6 +253,9 @@ impl JsonRpcRequestProcessor {
             transaction_sender: Arc::new(Mutex::new(sender)),
             runtime_handle: runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap().handle().clone(),
             bigtable_ledger_storage: None,
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank: Arc::new(RwLock::new(OptimisticallyConfirmedBank {
+                bank: bank.clone(),
+            })),
         }
     }
 
@@ -2553,8 +2572,13 @@ pub(crate) fn create_validator_exit(exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>) -> Arc<RwLock<Option
 pub mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use crate::{
-        contact_info::ContactInfo, non_circulating_supply::non_circulating_accounts,
+        contact_info::ContactInfo,
+        non_circulating_supply::non_circulating_accounts,
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::{
+            BankNotification, OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker,
+        },
         replay_stage::tests::create_test_transactions_and_populate_blockstore,
+        rpc_subscriptions::RpcSubscriptions,
     };
     use bincode::deserialize;
     use jsonrpc_core::{
@@ -2752,6 +2776,7 @@ pub mod tests {
             Hash::default(),
             &runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap(),
             None,
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
         );
         SendTransactionService::new(tpu_address, &bank_forks, None, receiver);
 
@@ -4096,31 +4121,13 @@ pub mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn test_rpc_send_bad_tx() {
-        let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
-        let validator_exit = create_validator_exit(&exit);
-        let ledger_path = get_tmp_ledger_path!();
-        let blockstore = Arc::new(Blockstore::open(&ledger_path).unwrap());
-        let block_commitment_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default()));
+        let genesis = create_genesis_config(100);
+        let bank = Arc::new(Bank::new(&genesis.genesis_config));
+        let meta = JsonRpcRequestProcessor::new_from_bank(&bank);
 
         let mut io = MetaIoHandler::default();
         let rpc = RpcSolImpl;
         io.extend_with(rpc.to_delegate());
-        let cluster_info = Arc::new(ClusterInfo::default());
-        let tpu_address = cluster_info.my_contact_info().tpu;
-        let bank_forks = new_bank_forks().0;
-        let (meta, receiver) = JsonRpcRequestProcessor::new(
-            JsonRpcConfig::default(),
-            new_bank_forks().0,
-            block_commitment_cache,
-            blockstore,
-            validator_exit,
-            RpcHealth::stub(),
-            cluster_info,
-            Hash::default(),
-            &runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap(),
-            None,
-        );
-        SendTransactionService::new(tpu_address, &bank_forks, None, receiver);
 
         let req = r#"{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"sendTransaction","params":["37u9WtQpcm6ULa3Vmu7ySnANv"]}"#;
         let res = io.handle_request_sync(req, meta);
@@ -4160,6 +4167,7 @@ pub mod tests {
             Hash::default(),
             &runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap(),
             None,
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
         );
         SendTransactionService::new(tpu_address, &bank_forks, None, receiver);
 
@@ -4342,6 +4350,7 @@ pub mod tests {
             Hash::default(),
             &runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap(),
             None,
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
         );
         SendTransactionService::new(tpu_address, &bank_forks, None, receiver);
         assert_eq!(request_processor.validator_exit(), false);
@@ -4371,6 +4380,7 @@ pub mod tests {
             Hash::default(),
             &runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap(),
             None,
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
         );
         SendTransactionService::new(tpu_address, &bank_forks, None, receiver);
         assert_eq!(request_processor.validator_exit(), true);
@@ -4459,6 +4469,7 @@ pub mod tests {
             Hash::default(),
             &runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap(),
             None,
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
         );
         SendTransactionService::new(tpu_address, &bank_forks, None, receiver);
         assert_eq!(
@@ -5525,4 +5536,118 @@ pub mod tests {
             })
         );
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_rpc_single_gossip() {
+        let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let validator_exit = create_validator_exit(&exit);
+        let ledger_path = get_tmp_ledger_path!();
+        let blockstore = Arc::new(Blockstore::open(&ledger_path).unwrap());
+        let block_commitment_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default()));
+        let cluster_info = Arc::new(ClusterInfo::default());
+
+        let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(100);
+        let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
+
+        let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+        let bank0 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(0).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank1 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank0, &Pubkey::default(), 1);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank1);
+        let bank1 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(1).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank2 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank1, &Pubkey::default(), 2);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank2);
+        let bank2 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(2).unwrap().clone();
+        let bank3 = Bank::new_from_parent(&bank2, &Pubkey::default(), 3);
+        bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank3);
+
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
+        let mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks = HashSet::new();
+
+        let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
+            &exit,
+            bank_forks.clone(),
+            block_commitment_cache.clone(),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank.clone(),
+        ));
+
+        let (meta, _receiver) = JsonRpcRequestProcessor::new(
+            JsonRpcConfig::default(),
+            bank_forks.clone(),
+            block_commitment_cache,
+            blockstore,
+            validator_exit,
+            RpcHealth::stub(),
+            cluster_info,
+            Hash::default(),
+            &runtime::Runtime::new().unwrap(),
+            None,
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank.clone(),
+        );
+
+        let mut io = MetaIoHandler::default();
+        io.extend_with(RpcSolImpl.to_delegate());
+
+        let req = r#"{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"getSlot","params":[{"commitment":"singleGossip"}]}"#;
+        let res = io.handle_request_sync(req, meta.clone());
+        let json: Value = serde_json::from_str(&res.unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let slot: Slot = serde_json::from_value(json["result"].clone()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(slot, 0);
+
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(2),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        let req = r#"{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"getSlot","params":[{"commitment": "singleGossip"}]}"#;
+        let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, meta.clone());
+        let json: Value = serde_json::from_str(&res.unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let slot: Slot = serde_json::from_value(json["result"].clone()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(slot, 2);
+
+        // Test rollback does not appear to happen, even if slots are notified out of order
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(1),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        let req = r#"{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"getSlot","params":[{"commitment": "singleGossip"}]}"#;
+        let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, meta.clone());
+        let json: Value = serde_json::from_str(&res.unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let slot: Slot = serde_json::from_value(json["result"].clone()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(slot, 2);
+
+        // Test bank will only be cached when frozen
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(3),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        let req = r#"{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"getSlot","params":[{"commitment": "singleGossip"}]}"#;
+        let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, meta.clone());
+        let json: Value = serde_json::from_str(&res.unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let slot: Slot = serde_json::from_value(json["result"].clone()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(slot, 2);
+
+        // Test freezing an optimistically confirmed bank will update cache
+        let bank3 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(3).unwrap().clone();
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::Frozen(bank3),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
+        let req = r#"{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1,"method":"getSlot","params":[{"commitment": "singleGossip"}]}"#;
+        let res = io.handle_request_sync(&req, meta);
+        let json: Value = serde_json::from_str(&res.unwrap()).unwrap();
+        let slot: Slot = serde_json::from_value(json["result"].clone()).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(slot, 3);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/src/rpc_pubsub.rs b/core/src/rpc_pubsub.rs
index df56ea85cf..235b7fe584 100644
--- a/core/src/rpc_pubsub.rs
+++ b/core/src/rpc_pubsub.rs
@@ -354,6 +354,7 @@ mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use crate::{
         cluster_info_vote_listener::{ClusterInfoVoteListener, VoteTracker},
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank,
         rpc_subscriptions::tests::robust_poll_or_panic,
     };
     use crossbeam_channel::unbounded;
@@ -431,6 +432,7 @@ mod tests {
                 &Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false)),
                 bank_forks.clone(),
                 Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests())),
+                OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
             )),
             uid: Arc::new(atomic::AtomicUsize::default()),
         };
@@ -568,6 +570,7 @@ mod tests {
                 Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests_with_slots(
                     1, 1,
                 ))),
+                OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
             )),
             uid: Arc::new(atomic::AtomicUsize::default()),
         };
@@ -676,6 +679,7 @@ mod tests {
                 Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests_with_slots(
                     1, 1,
                 ))),
+                OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
             )),
             uid: Arc::new(atomic::AtomicUsize::default()),
         };
@@ -798,6 +802,7 @@ mod tests {
             &exit,
             bank_forks.clone(),
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests())),
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
         );
         rpc.subscriptions = Arc::new(subscriptions);
         let session = create_session();
@@ -847,8 +852,12 @@ mod tests {
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
         let block_commitment_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests()));
 
-        let subscriptions =
-            RpcSubscriptions::new(&exit, bank_forks.clone(), block_commitment_cache);
+        let subscriptions = RpcSubscriptions::new(
+            &exit,
+            bank_forks.clone(),
+            block_commitment_cache,
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
+        );
         rpc.subscriptions = Arc::new(subscriptions);
         let session = create_session();
         let (subscriber, _id_receiver, receiver) = Subscriber::new_test("accountNotification");
@@ -991,7 +1000,14 @@ mod tests {
         let (subscriber, _id_receiver, receiver) = Subscriber::new_test("voteNotification");
 
         // Setup Subscriptions
-        let subscriptions = RpcSubscriptions::new(&exit, bank_forks, block_commitment_cache);
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
+        let subscriptions = RpcSubscriptions::new(
+            &exit,
+            bank_forks,
+            block_commitment_cache,
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+        );
         rpc.subscriptions = Arc::new(subscriptions);
         rpc.vote_subscribe(session, subscriber);
 
diff --git a/core/src/rpc_pubsub_service.rs b/core/src/rpc_pubsub_service.rs
index a3fcea38a4..1e422fcbb8 100644
--- a/core/src/rpc_pubsub_service.rs
+++ b/core/src/rpc_pubsub_service.rs
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ impl PubSubService {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank;
     use solana_runtime::{
         bank::Bank,
         bank_forks::BankForks,
@@ -91,10 +92,13 @@ mod tests {
         let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(10_000);
         let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
         let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
             bank_forks,
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests())),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         ));
         let pubsub_service = PubSubService::new(&subscriptions, pubsub_addr, &exit);
         let thread = pubsub_service.thread_hdl.thread();
diff --git a/core/src/rpc_service.rs b/core/src/rpc_service.rs
index c9fa919a81..dcdb732345 100644
--- a/core/src/rpc_service.rs
+++ b/core/src/rpc_service.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 use crate::{
     bigtable_upload_service::BigTableUploadService,
     cluster_info::ClusterInfo,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank,
     poh_recorder::PohRecorder,
     rpc::*,
     rpc_health::*,
@@ -249,6 +250,7 @@ impl JsonRpcService {
         validator_exit: Arc<RwLock<Option<ValidatorExit>>>,
         trusted_validators: Option<HashSet<Pubkey>>,
         override_health_check: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank: Arc<RwLock<OptimisticallyConfirmedBank>>,
     ) -> Self {
         info!("rpc bound to {:?}", rpc_addr);
         info!("rpc configuration: {:?}", config);
@@ -311,6 +313,7 @@ impl JsonRpcService {
             genesis_hash,
             &runtime,
             bigtable_ledger_storage,
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         );
 
         let leader_info =
@@ -436,6 +439,8 @@ mod tests {
         let ledger_path = get_tmp_ledger_path!();
         let blockstore = Arc::new(Blockstore::open(&ledger_path).unwrap());
         let block_commitment_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default()));
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let mut rpc_service = JsonRpcService::new(
             rpc_addr,
             JsonRpcConfig::default(),
@@ -450,6 +455,7 @@ mod tests {
             validator_exit,
             None,
             Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false)),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         );
         let thread = rpc_service.thread_hdl.thread();
         assert_eq!(thread.name().unwrap(), "solana-jsonrpc");
diff --git a/core/src/rpc_subscriptions.rs b/core/src/rpc_subscriptions.rs
index d2785bbcf4..d8896d51fa 100644
--- a/core/src/rpc_subscriptions.rs
+++ b/core/src/rpc_subscriptions.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 //! The `pubsub` module implements a threaded subscription service on client RPC request
 
-use crate::rpc::{get_parsed_token_account, get_parsed_token_accounts};
+use crate::{
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank,
+    rpc::{get_parsed_token_account, get_parsed_token_accounts},
+};
 use core::hash::Hash;
 use jsonrpc_core::futures::Future;
 use jsonrpc_pubsub::{
@@ -61,7 +64,6 @@ enum NotificationEntry {
     Slot(SlotInfo),
     Vote(Vote),
     Root(Slot),
-    Frozen(Slot),
     Bank(CommitmentSlots),
     Gossip(Slot),
     SignaturesReceived((Slot, Vec<Signature>)),
@@ -71,7 +73,6 @@ impl std::fmt::Debug for NotificationEntry {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
         match self {
             NotificationEntry::Root(root) => write!(f, "Root({})", root),
-            NotificationEntry::Frozen(slot) => write!(f, "Frozen({})", slot),
             NotificationEntry::Vote(vote) => write!(f, "Vote({:?})", vote),
             NotificationEntry::Slot(slot_info) => write!(f, "Slot({:?})", slot_info),
             NotificationEntry::Bank(commitment_slots) => {
@@ -346,7 +347,7 @@ pub struct RpcSubscriptions {
     notifier_runtime: Option<Runtime>,
     bank_forks: Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>,
     block_commitment_cache: Arc<RwLock<BlockCommitmentCache>>,
-    last_checked_slots: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<CommitmentLevel, Slot>>>,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank: Arc<RwLock<OptimisticallyConfirmedBank>>,
     exit: Arc<AtomicBool>,
 }
 
@@ -363,6 +364,7 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
         exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
         bank_forks: Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>,
         block_commitment_cache: Arc<RwLock<BlockCommitmentCache>>,
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank: Arc<RwLock<OptimisticallyConfirmedBank>>,
     ) -> Self {
         let (notification_sender, notification_receiver): (
             Sender<NotificationEntry>,
@@ -396,9 +398,6 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
         };
         let _subscriptions = subscriptions.clone();
 
-        let last_checked_slots = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new()));
-        let _last_checked_slots = last_checked_slots.clone();
-
         let notifier_runtime = RuntimeBuilder::new()
             .core_threads(1)
             .name_prefix("solana-rpc-notifier-")
@@ -415,7 +414,6 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
                     notification_receiver,
                     _subscriptions,
                     _bank_forks,
-                    _last_checked_slots,
                 );
             })
             .unwrap();
@@ -427,16 +425,19 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
             t_cleanup: Some(t_cleanup),
             bank_forks,
             block_commitment_cache,
-            last_checked_slots,
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
             exit: exit.clone(),
         }
     }
 
     pub fn default_with_bank_forks(bank_forks: Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>) -> Self {
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         Self::new(
             &Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false)),
             bank_forks,
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default())),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         )
     }
 
@@ -529,12 +530,12 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
                 .read()
                 .unwrap()
                 .highest_confirmed_slot(),
-            CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip => *self
-                .last_checked_slots
+            CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip => self
+                .optimistically_confirmed_bank
                 .read()
                 .unwrap()
-                .get(&CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip)
-                .unwrap_or(&0),
+                .bank
+                .slot(),
         };
         let last_notified_slot = if let Some((_account, slot)) = self
             .bank_forks
@@ -724,10 +725,6 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
         self.enqueue_notification(NotificationEntry::Vote(vote.clone()));
     }
 
-    pub fn notify_frozen(&self, frozen_slot: Slot) {
-        self.enqueue_notification(NotificationEntry::Frozen(frozen_slot));
-    }
-
     pub fn add_root_subscription(&self, sub_id: SubscriptionId, subscriber: Subscriber<Slot>) {
         let sink = subscriber.assign_id(sub_id.clone()).unwrap();
         let mut subscriptions = self.subscriptions.root_subscriptions.write().unwrap();
@@ -769,9 +766,7 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
         notification_receiver: Receiver<NotificationEntry>,
         subscriptions: Subscriptions,
         bank_forks: Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>,
-        last_checked_slots: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<CommitmentLevel, Slot>>>,
     ) {
-        let mut pending_gossip_notifications = HashSet::new();
         loop {
             if exit.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
                 break;
@@ -804,18 +799,10 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
                     }
                     NotificationEntry::Root(root) => {
                         debug!("root notify: {:?}", root);
-                        {
-                            let subscriptions = subscriptions.root_subscriptions.read().unwrap();
-                            for (_, sink) in subscriptions.iter() {
-                                notifier.notify(root, sink);
-                            }
+                        let subscriptions = subscriptions.root_subscriptions.read().unwrap();
+                        for (_, sink) in subscriptions.iter() {
+                            notifier.notify(root, sink);
                         }
-
-                        // Prune old pending notifications
-                        pending_gossip_notifications = pending_gossip_notifications
-                            .into_iter()
-                            .filter(|&s| s > root)
-                            .collect();
                     }
                     NotificationEntry::Bank(commitment_slots) => {
                         RpcSubscriptions::notify_accounts_programs_signatures(
@@ -828,36 +815,13 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
                             "bank",
                         )
                     }
-                    NotificationEntry::Frozen(slot) => {
-                        if pending_gossip_notifications.remove(&slot) {
-                            Self::process_gossip_notification(
-                                slot,
-                                &notifier,
-                                &subscriptions,
-                                &bank_forks,
-                                &last_checked_slots,
-                            );
-                        }
-                    }
                     NotificationEntry::Gossip(slot) => {
-                        let bank_frozen = bank_forks
-                            .read()
-                            .unwrap()
-                            .get(slot)
-                            .filter(|b| b.is_frozen())
-                            .is_some();
-
-                        if !bank_frozen {
-                            pending_gossip_notifications.insert(slot);
-                        } else {
-                            Self::process_gossip_notification(
-                                slot,
-                                &notifier,
-                                &subscriptions,
-                                &bank_forks,
-                                &last_checked_slots,
-                            );
-                        }
+                        Self::process_gossip_notification(
+                            slot,
+                            &notifier,
+                            &subscriptions,
+                            &bank_forks,
+                        );
                     }
                     NotificationEntry::SignaturesReceived(slot_signatures) => {
                         RpcSubscriptions::process_signatures_received(
@@ -883,23 +847,7 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
         notifier: &RpcNotifier,
         subscriptions: &Subscriptions,
         bank_forks: &Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>,
-        last_checked_slots: &Arc<RwLock<HashMap<CommitmentLevel, Slot>>>,
     ) {
-        let mut last_checked_slots_lock = last_checked_slots.write().unwrap();
-        let last_checked_slot = last_checked_slots_lock
-            .get(&CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip)
-            .cloned()
-            .unwrap_or_default();
-
-        if slot > last_checked_slot {
-            last_checked_slots_lock.insert(CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip, slot);
-        } else {
-            // Avoid sending stale or duplicate notifications
-            return;
-        }
-
-        drop(last_checked_slots_lock);
-
         let commitment_slots = CommitmentSlots {
             highest_confirmed_slot: slot,
             ..CommitmentSlots::default()
@@ -1053,6 +1001,9 @@ impl RpcSubscriptions {
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub(crate) mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::{
+        BankNotification, OptimisticallyConfirmedBank, OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker,
+    };
     use jsonrpc_core::futures::{self, stream::Stream};
     use jsonrpc_pubsub::typed::Subscriber;
     use serial_test_derive::serial;
@@ -1118,6 +1069,7 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests_with_slots(
                 1, 1,
             ))),
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
         );
         subscriptions.add_account_subscription(
             alice.pubkey(),
@@ -1216,10 +1168,13 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
             Subscriber::new_test("programNotification");
         let sub_id = SubscriptionId::Number(0 as u64);
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let subscriptions = RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
             bank_forks,
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests())),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         );
         subscriptions.add_program_subscription(
             solana_stake_program::id(),
@@ -1324,10 +1279,13 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
         );
 
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let subscriptions = RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
             bank_forks,
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(block_commitment_cache)),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         );
 
         let (past_bank_sub1, _id_receiver, past_bank_recv1) =
@@ -1480,10 +1438,13 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
         let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(10_000);
         let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
         let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let subscriptions = RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
             bank_forks,
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests())),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         );
         subscriptions.add_slot_subscription(sub_id.clone(), subscriber);
 
@@ -1528,10 +1489,13 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
         let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(10_000);
         let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
         let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
         let subscriptions = RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
             bank_forks,
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests())),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank,
         );
         subscriptions.add_root_subscription(sub_id.clone(), subscriber);
 
@@ -1630,18 +1594,23 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
         bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(bank2);
         let alice = Keypair::new();
 
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
+        let mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks = HashSet::new();
+
         let (subscriber0, _id_receiver, transport_receiver0) =
             Subscriber::new_test("accountNotification");
         let (subscriber1, _id_receiver, transport_receiver1) =
             Subscriber::new_test("accountNotification");
         let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
-        let subscriptions = RpcSubscriptions::new(
+        let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
             bank_forks.clone(),
             Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::new_for_tests_with_slots(
                 1, 1,
             ))),
-        );
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank.clone(),
+        ));
         let sub_id0 = SubscriptionId::Number(0 as u64);
         subscriptions.add_account_subscription(
             alice.pubkey(),
@@ -1685,10 +1654,22 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
             .unwrap();
 
         // First, notify the unfrozen bank first to queue pending notification
-        subscriptions.notify_gossip_subscribers(2);
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(2),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
 
         // Now, notify the frozen bank and ensure its notifications are processed
-        subscriptions.notify_gossip_subscribers(1);
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::OptimisticallyConfirmed(1),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
 
         let (response, _) = robust_poll_or_panic(transport_receiver0);
         let expected = json!({
@@ -1723,7 +1704,14 @@ pub(crate) mod tests {
             subscriber1,
         );
 
-        subscriptions.notify_frozen(2);
+        let bank2 = bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(2).unwrap().clone();
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::process_notification(
+            BankNotification::Frozen(bank2),
+            &bank_forks,
+            &optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+            &subscriptions,
+            &mut pending_optimistically_confirmed_banks,
+        );
         let (response, _) = robust_poll_or_panic(transport_receiver1);
         let expected = json!({
            "jsonrpc": "2.0",
diff --git a/core/src/tpu.rs b/core/src/tpu.rs
index 60c535367b..253748f58e 100644
--- a/core/src/tpu.rs
+++ b/core/src/tpu.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use crate::{
     cluster_info::ClusterInfo,
     cluster_info_vote_listener::{ClusterInfoVoteListener, VerifiedVoteSender, VoteTracker},
     fetch_stage::FetchStage,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::BankNotificationSender,
     poh_recorder::{PohRecorder, WorkingBankEntry},
     rpc_subscriptions::RpcSubscriptions,
     sigverify::TransactionSigVerifier,
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ impl Tpu {
         verified_vote_sender: VerifiedVoteSender,
         replay_vote_receiver: ReplayVoteReceiver,
         replay_vote_sender: ReplayVoteSender,
+        bank_notification_sender: Option<BankNotificationSender>,
     ) -> Self {
         let (packet_sender, packet_receiver) = channel();
         let fetch_stage = FetchStage::new_with_sender(
@@ -85,6 +87,7 @@ impl Tpu {
             verified_vote_sender,
             replay_vote_receiver,
             blockstore.clone(),
+            bank_notification_sender,
         );
 
         let banking_stage = BankingStage::new(
diff --git a/core/src/tvu.rs b/core/src/tvu.rs
index a0d7674dd6..97e1413c08 100644
--- a/core/src/tvu.rs
+++ b/core/src/tvu.rs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use crate::{
     completed_data_sets_service::CompletedDataSetsSender,
     consensus::Tower,
     ledger_cleanup_service::LedgerCleanupService,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::BankNotificationSender,
     poh_recorder::PohRecorder,
     replay_stage::{ReplayStage, ReplayStageConfig},
     retransmit_stage::RetransmitStage,
@@ -108,6 +109,7 @@ impl Tvu {
         verified_vote_receiver: VerifiedVoteReceiver,
         replay_vote_sender: ReplayVoteSender,
         completed_data_sets_sender: CompletedDataSetsSender,
+        bank_notification_sender: Option<BankNotificationSender>,
         tvu_config: TvuConfig,
     ) -> Self {
         let keypair: Arc<Keypair> = cluster_info.keypair.clone();
@@ -219,6 +221,7 @@ impl Tvu {
             transaction_status_sender,
             rewards_recorder_sender,
             cache_block_time_sender,
+            bank_notification_sender,
         };
 
         let replay_stage = ReplayStage::new(
@@ -279,6 +282,7 @@ pub mod tests {
     use crate::{
         banking_stage::create_test_recorder,
         cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, Node},
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank,
     };
     use serial_test_derive::serial;
     use solana_ledger::{
@@ -348,6 +352,7 @@ pub mod tests {
                 &exit,
                 bank_forks.clone(),
                 block_commitment_cache.clone(),
+                OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks),
             )),
             &poh_recorder,
             tower,
@@ -365,6 +370,7 @@ pub mod tests {
             verified_vote_receiver,
             replay_vote_sender,
             completed_data_sets_sender,
+            None,
             TvuConfig::default(),
         );
         exit.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
diff --git a/core/src/validator.rs b/core/src/validator.rs
index 59ace24e3d..5427193a61 100644
--- a/core/src/validator.rs
+++ b/core/src/validator.rs
@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ use crate::{
     consensus::{reconcile_blockstore_roots_with_tower, Tower, TowerError},
     contact_info::ContactInfo,
     gossip_service::GossipService,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::{
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBank, OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker,
+    },
     poh_recorder::{PohRecorder, GRACE_TICKS_FACTOR, MAX_GRACE_SLOTS},
     poh_service::PohService,
     rewards_recorder_service::{RewardsRecorderSender, RewardsRecorderService},
@@ -166,10 +169,17 @@ struct TransactionHistoryServices {
     cache_block_time_service: Option<CacheBlockTimeService>,
 }
 
+struct RpcServices {
+    json_rpc_service: JsonRpcService,
+    pubsub_service: PubSubService,
+    rpc_banks_service: RpcBanksService,
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker: OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker,
+}
+
 pub struct Validator {
     pub id: Pubkey,
     validator_exit: Arc<RwLock<Option<ValidatorExit>>>,
-    rpc_service: Option<(JsonRpcService, PubSubService, RpcBanksService)>,
+    rpc_service: Option<RpcServices>,
     transaction_status_service: Option<TransactionStatusService>,
     rewards_recorder_service: Option<RewardsRecorderService>,
     cache_block_time_service: Option<CacheBlockTimeService>,
@@ -329,10 +339,14 @@ impl Validator {
         block_commitment_cache.initialize_slots(bank.slot());
         let block_commitment_cache = Arc::new(RwLock::new(block_commitment_cache));
 
+        let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+            OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
+
         let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
             &exit,
             bank_forks.clone(),
             block_commitment_cache.clone(),
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank.clone(),
         ));
 
         let (completed_data_sets_sender, completed_data_sets_receiver) =
@@ -391,9 +405,8 @@ impl Validator {
         let poh_recorder = Arc::new(Mutex::new(poh_recorder));
 
         let rpc_override_health_check = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
-        let rpc_service = config
-            .rpc_addrs
-            .map(|(rpc_addr, rpc_pubsub_addr, rpc_banks_addr)| {
+        let (rpc_service, bank_notification_sender) =
+            if let Some((rpc_addr, rpc_pubsub_addr, rpc_banks_addr)) = config.rpc_addrs {
                 if ContactInfo::is_valid_address(&node.info.rpc) {
                     assert!(ContactInfo::is_valid_address(&node.info.rpc_pubsub));
                     assert_eq!(rpc_addr.port(), node.info.rpc.port());
@@ -403,32 +416,47 @@ impl Validator {
                     assert!(!ContactInfo::is_valid_address(&node.info.rpc_pubsub));
                 }
                 let tpu_address = cluster_info.my_contact_info().tpu;
+                let (bank_notification_sender, bank_notification_receiver) = unbounded();
                 (
-                    JsonRpcService::new(
-                        rpc_addr,
-                        config.rpc_config.clone(),
-                        config.snapshot_config.clone(),
-                        bank_forks.clone(),
-                        block_commitment_cache.clone(),
-                        blockstore.clone(),
-                        cluster_info.clone(),
-                        Some(poh_recorder.clone()),
-                        genesis_config.hash(),
-                        ledger_path,
-                        validator_exit.clone(),
-                        config.trusted_validators.clone(),
-                        rpc_override_health_check.clone(),
-                    ),
-                    PubSubService::new(&subscriptions, rpc_pubsub_addr, &exit),
-                    RpcBanksService::new(
-                        rpc_banks_addr,
-                        tpu_address,
-                        &bank_forks,
-                        &block_commitment_cache,
-                        &exit,
-                    ),
+                    Some(RpcServices {
+                        json_rpc_service: JsonRpcService::new(
+                            rpc_addr,
+                            config.rpc_config.clone(),
+                            config.snapshot_config.clone(),
+                            bank_forks.clone(),
+                            block_commitment_cache.clone(),
+                            blockstore.clone(),
+                            cluster_info.clone(),
+                            Some(poh_recorder.clone()),
+                            genesis_config.hash(),
+                            ledger_path,
+                            validator_exit.clone(),
+                            config.trusted_validators.clone(),
+                            rpc_override_health_check.clone(),
+                            optimistically_confirmed_bank.clone(),
+                        ),
+                        pubsub_service: PubSubService::new(&subscriptions, rpc_pubsub_addr, &exit),
+                        rpc_banks_service: RpcBanksService::new(
+                            rpc_banks_addr,
+                            tpu_address,
+                            &bank_forks,
+                            &block_commitment_cache,
+                            &exit,
+                        ),
+                        optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker:
+                            OptimisticallyConfirmedBankTracker::new(
+                                bank_notification_receiver,
+                                &exit,
+                                bank_forks.clone(),
+                                optimistically_confirmed_bank,
+                                subscriptions.clone(),
+                            ),
+                    }),
+                    Some(bank_notification_sender),
                 )
-            });
+            } else {
+                (None, None)
+            };
 
         let ip_echo_server = solana_net_utils::ip_echo_server(node.sockets.ip_echo.unwrap());
 
@@ -532,6 +560,7 @@ impl Validator {
             verified_vote_receiver,
             replay_vote_sender.clone(),
             completed_data_sets_sender,
+            bank_notification_sender.clone(),
             TvuConfig {
                 max_ledger_shreds: config.max_ledger_shreds,
                 halt_on_trusted_validators_accounts_hash_mismatch: config
@@ -562,6 +591,7 @@ impl Validator {
             verified_vote_sender,
             replay_vote_receiver,
             replay_vote_sender,
+            bank_notification_sender,
         );
 
         datapoint_info!("validator-new", ("id", id.to_string(), String));
@@ -625,10 +655,17 @@ impl Validator {
     pub fn join(self) -> Result<()> {
         self.poh_service.join()?;
         drop(self.poh_recorder);
-        if let Some((rpc_service, rpc_pubsub_service, rpc_banks_service)) = self.rpc_service {
-            rpc_service.join()?;
-            rpc_pubsub_service.join()?;
+        if let Some(RpcServices {
+            json_rpc_service,
+            pubsub_service,
+            rpc_banks_service,
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker,
+        }) = self.rpc_service
+        {
+            json_rpc_service.join()?;
+            pubsub_service.join()?;
             rpc_banks_service.join()?;
+            optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker.join()?;
         }
         if let Some(transaction_status_service) = self.transaction_status_service {
             transaction_status_service.join()?;
diff --git a/core/tests/client.rs b/core/tests/client.rs
index bebe1a7773..77b10ef807 100644
--- a/core/tests/client.rs
+++ b/core/tests/client.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use solana_client::{pubsub_client::PubsubClient, rpc_client::RpcClient, rpc_response::SlotInfo};
 use solana_core::{
+    optimistically_confirmed_bank_tracker::OptimisticallyConfirmedBank,
     rpc_pubsub_service::PubSubService, rpc_subscriptions::RpcSubscriptions,
     test_validator::TestValidator,
 };
@@ -91,10 +92,13 @@ fn test_slot_subscription() {
     let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(10_000);
     let bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
     let bank_forks = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BankForks::new(bank)));
+    let optimistically_confirmed_bank =
+        OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::locked_from_bank_forks_root(&bank_forks);
     let subscriptions = Arc::new(RpcSubscriptions::new(
         &exit,
         bank_forks,
         Arc::new(RwLock::new(BlockCommitmentCache::default())),
+        optimistically_confirmed_bank,
     ));
     let pubsub_service = PubSubService::new(&subscriptions, pubsub_addr, &exit);
     std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(400));
diff --git a/runtime/src/commitment.rs b/runtime/src/commitment.rs
index c6b41b6278..b298db4b9c 100644
--- a/runtime/src/commitment.rs
+++ b/runtime/src/commitment.rs
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ impl BlockCommitmentCache {
     }
 
     pub fn highest_gossip_confirmed_slot(&self) -> Slot {
-        // TODO: see solana_core::RpcSubscriptions:
-        //self.last_checked_slots.get(&CommitmentLevel::SingleGossip).unwrap_or(&0)
+        // TODO: combine bank caches
+        // Currently, this information is provided by OptimisticallyConfirmedBank::bank.slot()
         self.highest_confirmed_slot()
     }