log leader (#10280 )

Co-authored-by: Carl <carl@solana.com>
Adjust mainnet-beta shred version
2020-05-27 18:07:31 -07:00 · 2020-05-27 17:10:53 -07:00 · 2020-05-27 17:10:27 -07:00 · 2020-05-26 21:22:34 -07:00 · 2020-05-26 21:16:46 -07:00 · 2020-05-26 17:28:14 -07:00
510 changed files with 41479 additions and 26034 deletions
--- a/.appveyor.yml
+++ b/.appveyor.yml
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-version: '{build}'
-
-branches:
-  only:
-  - master
-  - /^v[0-9.]+\.[0-9.]+/
-
-cache:
-  - '%USERPROFILE%\.cargo'
-  - '%APPVEYOR_BUILD_FOLDER%\target'
-
-clone_folder: d:\projects\solana
-
-build_script:
-  - bash ci/publish-tarball.sh
-
-notifications:
-  - provider: Slack
-    incoming_webhook:
-      secure: GJsBey+F5apAtUm86MHVJ68Uqa6WN1SImcuIc4TsTZrDhA8K1QWUNw9FFQPybUWDyOcS5dly3kubnUqlGt9ux6Ad2efsfRIQYWv0tOVXKeY=
-    channel: ci-status
-    on_build_success: false
-    on_build_failure: true
-    on_build_status_changed: true
-
-deploy:
-  - provider: S3
-    access_key_id:
-      secure: fTbJl6JpFebR40J7cOWZ2mXBa3kIvEiXgzxAj6L3N7A=
-    secret_access_key:
-      secure: vItsBXb2rEFLvkWtVn/Rcxu5a5+2EwC+b7GsA0waJy9hXh6XuBAD0lnHd9re3g/4
-    bucket: release.solana.com
-    region: us-west-1
-    set_public: true
-
-  - provider: GitHub
-    auth_token:
-      secure: 81fEmPZ0cV1wLtNuUrcmtgxKF6ROQF1+/ft5m+fHX21z6PoeCbaNo8cTyLioWBj7
-    draft: false
-    prerelease: false
-    on:
-      appveyor_repo_tag: true
--- a/.buildkite/env/secrets.ejson
+++ b/.buildkite/env/secrets.ejson
@@ -7,6 +7,6 @@
      "GITHUB_TOKEN": "EJ[1:yGpTmjdbyjW2kjgIHkFoJv7Ue7EbUvUbqHyw6anGgWg=:Vq2dkGTOzfEpRht0BAGHFp/hDogMvXJe:tFXHg1epVt2mq9hkuc5sRHe+KAnVREi/p8S+IZu67XRyzdiA/nGak1k860FXYuuzuaE0QWekaEc=]",
      "INFLUX_DATABASE": "EJ[1:yGpTmjdbyjW2kjgIHkFoJv7Ue7EbUvUbqHyw6anGgWg=:5KI9WBkXx3R/W4m256mU5MJOE7N8aAT9:Cb8QFELZ9I60t5zhJ9h55Kcs]",
      "INFLUX_PASSWORD": "EJ[1:yGpTmjdbyjW2kjgIHkFoJv7Ue7EbUvUbqHyw6anGgWg=:hQRMpLCrav+OYkNphkeM4hagdVoZv5Iw:AUO76rr6+gF1OLJA8ZLSG8wHKXgYCPNk6gRCV8rBhZBJ4KwDaxpvOhMl7bxxXG6jol7v4aRa/Lk=]",
-      "INFLUX_USERNAME": "EJ[1:yGpTmjdbyjW2kjgIHkFoJv7Ue7EbUvUbqHyw6anGgWg=:R7BNmQjfeqoGDAFTJu9bYTGHol2NgnYN:Q2tOT/EBcFvhFk+DKLKmVU7tLCpVC3Ui]",
+      "INFLUX_USERNAME": "EJ[1:yGpTmjdbyjW2kjgIHkFoJv7Ue7EbUvUbqHyw6anGgWg=:R7BNmQjfeqoGDAFTJu9bYTGHol2NgnYN:Q2tOT/EBcFvhFk+DKLKmVU7tLCpVC3Ui]"
    }
 }
--- a/.gitbook.yaml
+++ b/.gitbook.yaml
@@ -3,3 +3,16 @@ root: ./docs/src
 structure:
    readme: introduction.md
    summary: SUMMARY.md
+
+redirects:
+    wallet: ./wallet-guide/README.md
+    wallet/app-wallets: ./wallet-guide/apps.md
+    wallet/app-wallets/trust-wallet: ./wallet-guide/trust-wallet.md
+    wallet/app-wallets/ledger-live:  ./wallet-guide/ledger-live.md
+    wallet/cli-wallets:  ./wallet-guide/cli.md
+    wallet/cli-wallets/paper-wallet:  ./paper-wallet/README.md
+    wallet/cli-wallets/paper-wallet/paper-wallet-usage: ./paper-wallet/paper-wallet-usage.md
+    wallet/cli-wallets/remote-wallet: ./hardware-wallets/README.md
+    wallet/cli-wallets/remote-wallet/ledger: ./hardware-wallets/ledger.md
+    wallet/cli-wallets/file-system-wallet: ./file-system-wallet/README.md
+    wallet/support: ./wallet-guide/support.md
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 /docs/html/
 /docs/src/tests.ok
+/docs/src/cli/usage.md
 /docs/src/.gitbook/assets/*.svg
 /farf/
 /solana-release/
--- a/.mergify.yml
+++ b/.mergify.yml
@@ -19,20 +19,13 @@ pull_request_rules:
      label:
        add:
          - automerge
-  - name: v0.23 backport
-    conditions:
-      - base=master
-      - label=v0.23
-    actions:
-      backport:
-        branches:
-          - v0.23
  - name: v1.0 backport
    conditions:
      - base=master
      - label=v1.0
    actions:
      backport:
+        ignore_conflicts: true
        branches:
          - v1.0
  - name: v1.1 backport
@@ -41,6 +34,7 @@ pull_request_rules:
      - label=v1.1
    actions:
      backport:
+        ignore_conflicts: true
        branches:
          - v1.1
  - name: v1.2 backport
@@ -49,5 +43,6 @@ pull_request_rules:
      - label=v1.2
    actions:
      backport:
+        ignore_conflicts: true
        branches:
          - v1.2
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ $ git pull --rebase upstream master

 If there are no functional changes, PRs can be very large and that's no
 problem. If, however, your changes are making meaningful changes or additions,
-then about 1000 lines of changes is about the most you should ask a Solana
+then about 1,000 lines of changes is about the most you should ask a Solana
 maintainer to review.

 ### Should I send small PRs as I develop large, new components?
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ members = [
    "bench-exchange",
    "bench-streamer",
    "bench-tps",
+    "accounts-bench",
    "banking-bench",
    "chacha",
    "chacha-cuda",
@@ -10,6 +11,8 @@ members = [
    "cli-config",
    "client",
    "core",
+    "dos",
+    "download-utils",
    "faucet",
    "perf",
    "validator",
@@ -24,6 +27,7 @@ members = [
    "logger",
    "log-analyzer",
    "merkle-tree",
+    "streamer",
    "measure",
    "metrics",
    "net-shaper",
@@ -48,9 +52,13 @@ members = [
    "sdk",
    "sdk-c",
    "scripts",
+    "stake-accounts",
+    "stake-monitor",
    "sys-tuner",
+    "transaction-status",
    "upload-perf",
    "net-utils",
+    "version",
    "vote-signer",
    "cli",
    "rayon-threadlimit",
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -9,46 +9,7 @@ Blockchain Rebuilt for Scale
 Solana&trade; is a new blockchain architecture built from the ground up for scale. The architecture supports
 up to 710 thousand transactions per second on a gigabit network.

-Documentation
-===
-
-Before you jump into the code, review the documentation [Solana: Blockchain Rebuilt for Scale](https://docs.solana.com).
-
-(The _latest_ development version of the docs is [available here](https://docs.solana.com/v/master).)
-
-Release Binaries
-===
-Official release binaries are available at [Github Releases](https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases).
-
-Additionally we provide pre-release binaries for the latest code on the edge and
-beta channels.  Note that these pre-release binaries may be less stable than an
-official release.
-
-### Edge channel
-#### Linux (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
-* [solana.tar.bz2](http://release.solana.com/edge/solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2)
-* [solana-install-init](http://release.solana.com/edge/solana-install-init-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu) as a stand-alone executable
-#### mac OS (x86_64-apple-darwin)
-* [solana.tar.bz2](http://release.solana.com/edge/solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2)
-* [solana-install-init](http://release.solana.com/edge/solana-install-init-x86_64-apple-darwin) as a stand-alone executable
-#### Windows (x86_64-pc-windows-msvc)
-* [solana.tar.bz2](http://release.solana.com/edge/solana-release-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.tar.bz2)
-* [solana-install-init.exe](http://release.solana.com/edge/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe) as a stand-alone executable
-#### All platforms
-* [solana-metrics.tar.bz2](http://release.solana.com.s3.amazonaws.com/edge/solana-metrics.tar.bz2)
-
-### Beta channel
-#### Linux (x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu)
-* [solana.tar.bz2](http://release.solana.com/beta/solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2)
-* [solana-install-init](http://release.solana.com/beta/solana-install-init-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu) as a stand-alone executable
-#### mac OS (x86_64-apple-darwin)
-* [solana.tar.bz2](http://release.solana.com/beta/solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2)
-* [solana-install-init](http://release.solana.com/beta/solana-install-init-x86_64-apple-darwin) as a stand-alone executable
-#### Windows (x86_64-pc-windows-msvc)
-* [solana.tar.bz2](http://release.solana.com/beta/solana-release-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.tar.bz2)
-* [solana-install-init.exe](http://release.solana.com/beta/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe) as a stand-alone executable
-#### All platforms
-* [solana-metrics.tar.bz2](http://release.solana.com.s3.amazonaws.com/beta/solana-metrics.tar.bz2)
+Read all about it at [Solana: Blockchain Rebuilt for Scale](https://docs.solana.com/v/master).

 Developing
 ===
--- a/accounts-bench/Cargo.toml
+++ b/accounts-bench/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+[package]
+authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
+edition = "2018"
+name = "solana-accounts-bench"
+version = "1.1.15"
+repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
+license = "Apache-2.0"
+homepage = "https://solana.com/"
+
+[dependencies]
+log = "0.4.6"
+rayon = "1.3.0"
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-measure = { path = "../measure", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }
+rand = "0.7.0"
+clap = "2.33.0"
+crossbeam-channel = "0.4"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/accounts-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/accounts-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+use clap::{value_t, App, Arg};
+use rayon::prelude::*;
+use solana_measure::measure::Measure;
+use solana_runtime::{
+    accounts::{create_test_accounts, update_accounts, Accounts},
+    accounts_index::Ancestors,
+};
+use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
+use std::fs;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+
+fn main() {
+    solana_logger::setup();
+
+    let matches = App::new("crate")
+        .about("about")
+        .version("version")
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("num_slots")
+                .long("num_slots")
+                .takes_value(true)
+                .value_name("SLOTS")
+                .help("Number of slots to store to."),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("num_accounts")
+                .long("num_accounts")
+                .takes_value(true)
+                .value_name("NUM_ACCOUNTS")
+                .help("Total number of accounts"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("iterations")
+                .long("iterations")
+                .takes_value(true)
+                .value_name("ITERATIONS")
+                .help("Number of bench iterations"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("clean")
+                .long("clean")
+                .takes_value(false)
+                .help("Run clean"),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    let num_slots = value_t!(matches, "num_slots", usize).unwrap_or(4);
+    let num_accounts = value_t!(matches, "num_accounts", usize).unwrap_or(10_000);
+    let iterations = value_t!(matches, "iterations", usize).unwrap_or(20);
+    let clean = matches.is_present("clean");
+    println!("clean: {:?}", clean);
+
+    let path = PathBuf::from("farf/accounts-bench");
+    if fs::remove_dir_all(path.clone()).is_err() {
+        println!("Warning: Couldn't remove {:?}", path);
+    }
+    let accounts = Accounts::new(vec![path]);
+    println!("Creating {} accounts", num_accounts);
+    let mut create_time = Measure::start("create accounts");
+    let pubkeys: Vec<_> = (0..num_slots)
+        .into_par_iter()
+        .map(|slot| {
+            let mut pubkeys: Vec<Pubkey> = vec![];
+            create_test_accounts(
+                &accounts,
+                &mut pubkeys,
+                num_accounts / num_slots,
+                slot as u64,
+            );
+            pubkeys
+        })
+        .collect();
+    let pubkeys: Vec<_> = pubkeys.into_iter().flatten().collect();
+    create_time.stop();
+    println!(
+        "created {} accounts in {} slots {}",
+        (num_accounts / num_slots) * num_slots,
+        num_slots,
+        create_time
+    );
+    let mut ancestors: Ancestors = vec![(0, 0)].into_iter().collect();
+    for i in 1..num_slots {
+        ancestors.insert(i as u64, i - 1);
+        accounts.add_root(i as u64);
+    }
+    for x in 0..iterations {
+        if clean {
+            let mut time = Measure::start("clean");
+            accounts.accounts_db.clean_accounts();
+            time.stop();
+            println!("{}", time);
+            for slot in 0..num_slots {
+                update_accounts(&accounts, &pubkeys, ((x + 1) * num_slots + slot) as u64);
+                accounts.add_root((x * num_slots + slot) as u64);
+            }
+        } else {
+            let mut pubkeys: Vec<Pubkey> = vec![];
+            let mut time = Measure::start("hash");
+            let hash = accounts.accounts_db.update_accounts_hash(0, &ancestors);
+            time.stop();
+            println!("hash: {} {}", hash, time);
+            create_test_accounts(&accounts, &mut pubkeys, 1, 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/archiver-lib/Cargo.toml
+++ b/archiver-lib/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "solana-archiver-lib"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 description = "Solana Archiver Library"
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
@@ -10,30 +10,34 @@ edition = "2018"

 [dependencies]
 bincode = "1.2.1"
-crossbeam-channel = "0.3"
-ed25519-dalek = "=1.0.0-pre.1"
+crossbeam-channel = "0.4"
+ed25519-dalek = "=1.0.0-pre.3"
 log = "0.4.8"
-rand = "0.6.5"
-rand_chacha = "0.1.1"
-solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-storage-program = { path = "../programs/storage", version = "1.0.9" }
+rand = "0.7.0"
+rand_chacha = "0.2.2"
+solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-storage-program = { path = "../programs/storage", version = "1.1.15" }
 thiserror = "1.0"
-serde = "1.0.104"
-serde_json = "1.0.46"
+serde = "1.0.105"
+serde_json = "1.0.48"
 serde_derive = "1.0.103"
-solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-chacha = { path = "../chacha", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-chacha-sys = { path = "../chacha-sys", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-archiver-utils = { path = "../archiver-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-chacha = { path = "../chacha", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-chacha-sys = { path = "../chacha-sys", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-streamer = { path = "../streamer", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-archiver-utils = { path = "../archiver-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.1.15" }

 [dev-dependencies]
-hex = "0.4.0"
+hex = "0.4.2"

 [lib]
 name = "solana_archiver_lib"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/archiver-lib/src/archiver.rs
+++ b/archiver-lib/src/archiver.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use crate::result::ArchiverError;
 use crossbeam_channel::unbounded;
-use rand::{thread_rng, Rng, SeedableRng};
-use rand_chacha::ChaChaRng;
+use rand::{thread_rng, Rng};
+use rand_chacha::{rand_core::SeedableRng, ChaChaRng};
 use solana_archiver_utils::sample_file;
 use solana_chacha::chacha::{chacha_cbc_encrypt_ledger, CHACHA_BLOCK_SIZE};
 use solana_client::{
@@ -10,16 +10,14 @@ use solana_client::{
 };
 use solana_core::{
    cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, Node, VALIDATOR_PORT_RANGE},
+    cluster_slots::ClusterSlots,
    contact_info::ContactInfo,
    gossip_service::GossipService,
-    packet::{limited_deserialize, PACKET_DATA_SIZE},
-    repair_service,
-    repair_service::{RepairService, RepairSlotRange, RepairStrategy},
+    repair_service::{self, RepairService, RepairSlotRange, RepairStats, RepairStrategy},
    serve_repair::ServeRepair,
    shred_fetch_stage::ShredFetchStage,
    sigverify_stage::{DisabledSigVerifier, SigVerifyStage},
    storage_stage::NUM_STORAGE_SAMPLES,
-    streamer::{receiver, responder, PacketReceiver},
    window_service::WindowService,
 };
 use solana_ledger::{
@@ -27,6 +25,7 @@ use solana_ledger::{
 };
 use solana_net_utils::bind_in_range;
 use solana_perf::packet::Packets;
+use solana_perf::packet::{limited_deserialize, PACKET_DATA_SIZE};
 use solana_perf::recycler::Recycler;
 use solana_sdk::packet::Packet;
 use solana_sdk::{
@@ -45,6 +44,7 @@ use solana_storage_program::{
    storage_contract::StorageContract,
    storage_instruction::{self, StorageAccountType},
 };
+use solana_streamer::streamer::{receiver, responder, PacketReceiver};
 use std::{
    io::{self, ErrorKind},
    net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr, UdpSocket},
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ use std::{
    result,
    sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
    sync::mpsc::{channel, Receiver, Sender},
-    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
+    sync::Arc,
    thread::{sleep, spawn, JoinHandle},
    time::Duration,
 };
@@ -184,10 +184,10 @@ impl Archiver {

        info!("Archiver: id: {}", keypair.pubkey());
        info!("Creating cluster info....");
-        let mut cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new(node.info.clone(), keypair.clone());
+        let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new(node.info.clone(), keypair.clone());
        cluster_info.set_entrypoint(cluster_entrypoint.clone());
-        let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
-
+        let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
+        let cluster_slots = Arc::new(ClusterSlots::default());
        // Note for now, this ledger will not contain any of the existing entries
        // in the ledger located at ledger_path, and will only append on newly received
        // entries after being passed to window_service
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ impl Archiver {

        info!("Connecting to the cluster via {:?}", cluster_entrypoint);
        let (nodes, _) =
-            match solana_core::gossip_service::discover_cluster(&cluster_entrypoint.gossip, 1) {
+            match solana_core::gossip_service::discover_cluster(&cluster_entrypoint.gossip, 2) {
                Ok(nodes_and_archivers) => nodes_and_archivers,
                Err(e) => {
                    //shutdown services before exiting
@@ -262,6 +262,7 @@ impl Archiver {
                    repair_socket,
                    shred_fetch_receiver,
                    slot_sender,
+                    cluster_slots,
                ) {
                    Ok(window_service) => window_service,
                    Err(e) => {
@@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ impl Archiver {
    fn run(
        meta: &mut ArchiverMeta,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
-        cluster_info: Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: Arc<ClusterInfo>,
        archiver_keypair: &Arc<Keypair>,
        storage_keypair: &Arc<Keypair>,
        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
@@ -363,12 +364,12 @@ impl Archiver {
    }

    fn redeem_rewards(
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        archiver_keypair: &Arc<Keypair>,
        storage_keypair: &Arc<Keypair>,
        client_commitment: CommitmentConfig,
    ) {
-        let nodes = cluster_info.read().unwrap().tvu_peers();
+        let nodes = cluster_info.tvu_peers();
        let client = solana_core::gossip_service::get_client(&nodes);

        if let Ok(Some(account)) =
@@ -400,9 +401,10 @@ impl Archiver {
    }

    // Find a segment to replicate and download it.
+    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    fn setup(
        meta: &mut ArchiverMeta,
-        cluster_info: Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: Arc<ClusterInfo>,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
        node_info: &ContactInfo,
@@ -410,6 +412,7 @@ impl Archiver {
        repair_socket: Arc<UdpSocket>,
        shred_fetch_receiver: PacketReceiver,
        slot_sender: Sender<u64>,
+        cluster_slots: Arc<ClusterSlots>,
    ) -> Result<WindowService> {
        let slots_per_segment =
            match Self::get_segment_config(&cluster_info, meta.client_commitment) {
@@ -467,6 +470,7 @@ impl Archiver {
            RepairStrategy::RepairRange(repair_slot_range),
            &Arc::new(LeaderScheduleCache::default()),
            |_, _, _, _| true,
+            cluster_slots,
        );
        info!("waiting for ledger download");
        Self::wait_for_segment_download(
@@ -486,7 +490,7 @@ impl Archiver {
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
        node_info: &ContactInfo,
-        cluster_info: Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: Arc<ClusterInfo>,
    ) {
        info!(
            "window created, waiting for ledger download starting at slot {:?}",
@@ -514,11 +518,8 @@ impl Archiver {
        contact_info.tvu = "0.0.0.0:0".parse().unwrap();
        contact_info.wallclock = timestamp();
        // copy over the adopted shred_version from the entrypoint
-        contact_info.shred_version = cluster_info.read().unwrap().my_data().shred_version;
-        {
-            let mut cluster_info_w = cluster_info.write().unwrap();
-            cluster_info_w.insert_self(contact_info);
-        }
+        contact_info.shred_version = cluster_info.my_shred_version();
+        cluster_info.update_contact_info(|current| *current = contact_info);
    }

    fn encrypt_ledger(meta: &mut ArchiverMeta, blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>) -> Result<()> {
@@ -621,12 +622,12 @@ impl Archiver {

    fn submit_mining_proof(
        meta: &ArchiverMeta,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        archiver_keypair: &Arc<Keypair>,
        storage_keypair: &Arc<Keypair>,
    ) {
        // No point if we've got no storage account...
-        let nodes = cluster_info.read().unwrap().tvu_peers();
+        let nodes = cluster_info.tvu_peers();
        let client = solana_core::gossip_service::get_client(&nodes);
        let storage_balance = client
            .poll_get_balance_with_commitment(&storage_keypair.pubkey(), meta.client_commitment);
@@ -684,13 +685,10 @@ impl Archiver {
    }

    fn get_segment_config(
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        client_commitment: CommitmentConfig,
    ) -> Result<u64> {
-        let rpc_peers = {
-            let cluster_info = cluster_info.read().unwrap();
-            cluster_info.all_rpc_peers()
-        };
+        let rpc_peers = cluster_info.all_rpc_peers();
        debug!("rpc peers: {:?}", rpc_peers);
        if !rpc_peers.is_empty() {
            let rpc_client = {
@@ -698,16 +696,10 @@ impl Archiver {
                RpcClient::new_socket(rpc_peers[node_index].rpc)
            };
            Ok(rpc_client
-                .send(
-                    &RpcRequest::GetSlotsPerSegment,
+                .send::<u64>(
+                    RpcRequest::GetSlotsPerSegment,
                    serde_json::json!([client_commitment]),
-                    0,
                )
-                .map_err(|err| {
-                    warn!("Error while making rpc request {:?}", err);
-                    ArchiverError::ClientError(err)
-                })?
-                .as_u64()
                .unwrap())
        } else {
            Err(ArchiverError::NoRpcPeers)
@@ -716,7 +708,7 @@ impl Archiver {

    /// Waits until the first segment is ready, and returns the current segment
    fn poll_for_segment(
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        slots_per_segment: u64,
        previous_blockhash: &Hash,
        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
@@ -736,38 +728,24 @@ impl Archiver {

    /// Poll for a different blockhash and associated max_slot than `previous_blockhash`
    fn poll_for_blockhash_and_slot(
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        slots_per_segment: u64,
        previous_blockhash: &Hash,
        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
    ) -> Result<(Hash, u64)> {
        info!("waiting for the next turn...");
        loop {
-            let rpc_peers = {
-                let cluster_info = cluster_info.read().unwrap();
-                cluster_info.all_rpc_peers()
-            };
+            let rpc_peers = cluster_info.all_rpc_peers();
            debug!("rpc peers: {:?}", rpc_peers);
            if !rpc_peers.is_empty() {
                let rpc_client = {
                    let node_index = thread_rng().gen_range(0, rpc_peers.len());
                    RpcClient::new_socket(rpc_peers[node_index].rpc)
                };
-                let response = rpc_client
-                    .send(
-                        &RpcRequest::GetStorageTurn,
-                        serde_json::value::Value::Null,
-                        0,
-                    )
-                    .map_err(|err| {
-                        warn!("Error while making rpc request {:?}", err);
-                        ArchiverError::ClientError(err)
-                    })?;
                let RpcStorageTurn {
                    blockhash: storage_blockhash,
                    slot: turn_slot,
-                } = serde_json::from_value::<RpcStorageTurn>(response)
-                    .map_err(ArchiverError::JsonError)?;
+                } = rpc_client.send(RpcRequest::GetStorageTurn, serde_json::value::Value::Null)?;
                let turn_blockhash = storage_blockhash.parse().map_err(|err| {
                    io::Error::new(
                        io::ErrorKind::Other,
@@ -839,13 +817,14 @@ impl Archiver {
                repair_service::MAX_REPAIR_LENGTH,
                &repair_slot_range,
            );
+            let mut repair_stats = RepairStats::default();
            //iter over the repairs and send them
            if let Ok(repairs) = repairs {
                let reqs: Vec<_> = repairs
                    .into_iter()
                    .filter_map(|repair_request| {
                        serve_repair
-                            .map_repair_request(&repair_request)
+                            .map_repair_request(&repair_request, &mut repair_stats, Some(0))
                            .map(|result| ((archiver_info.gossip, result), repair_request))
                            .ok()
                    })
--- a/archiver-lib/src/result.rs
+++ b/archiver-lib/src/result.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use serde_json;
 use solana_client::client_error;
 use solana_ledger::blockstore;
 use solana_sdk::transport;
--- a/archiver-utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/archiver-utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "solana-archiver-utils"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 description = "Solana Archiver Utils"
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
@@ -10,16 +10,19 @@ edition = "2018"

 [dependencies]
 log = "0.4.8"
-rand = "0.6.5"
-solana-chacha = { path = "../chacha", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-chacha-sys = { path = "../chacha-sys", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
+rand = "0.7.0"
+solana-chacha = { path = "../chacha", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-chacha-sys = { path = "../chacha-sys", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }

 [dev-dependencies]
-hex = "0.4.0"
+hex = "0.4.2"

 [lib]
 name = "solana_archiver_utils"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/archiver/Cargo.toml
+++ b/archiver/Cargo.toml
@@ -2,19 +2,22 @@
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 edition = "2018"
 name = "solana-archiver"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 homepage = "https://solana.com/"

 [dependencies]
 clap = "2.33.0"
-console = "0.9.2"
-solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-archiver-lib = { path = "../archiver-lib", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
+console = "0.10.0"
+solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-archiver-lib = { path = "../archiver-lib", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }

+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/banking-bench/Cargo.toml
+++ b/banking-bench/Cargo.toml
@@ -2,19 +2,26 @@
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 edition = "2018"
 name = "solana-banking-bench"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 homepage = "https://solana.com/"

 [dependencies]
+clap = "2.33.1"
+crossbeam-channel = "0.4"
 log = "0.4.6"
-rayon = "1.2.0"
-solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-measure = { path = "../measure", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
-rand = "0.6.5"
-crossbeam-channel = "0.3"
+rand = "0.7.0"
+rayon = "1.3.0"
+solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-streamer = { path = "../streamer", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-measure = { path = "../measure", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-version = { path = "../version", version = "1.1.15" }
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/banking-bench/src/main.rs
+++ b/banking-bench/src/main.rs
@@ -1,30 +1,38 @@
+use clap::{crate_description, crate_name, value_t, App, Arg};
 use crossbeam_channel::unbounded;
 use log::*;
 use rand::{thread_rng, Rng};
 use rayon::prelude::*;
-use solana_core::banking_stage::{create_test_recorder, BankingStage};
-use solana_core::cluster_info::ClusterInfo;
-use solana_core::cluster_info::Node;
-use solana_core::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
-use solana_core::packet::to_packets_chunked;
-use solana_core::poh_recorder::PohRecorder;
-use solana_core::poh_recorder::WorkingBankEntry;
-use solana_ledger::bank_forks::BankForks;
-use solana_ledger::{blockstore::Blockstore, get_tmp_ledger_path};
+use solana_core::{
+    banking_stage::{create_test_recorder, BankingStage},
+    cluster_info::ClusterInfo,
+    cluster_info::Node,
+    poh_recorder::PohRecorder,
+    poh_recorder::WorkingBankEntry,
+};
+use solana_ledger::{
+    bank_forks::BankForks,
+    blockstore::Blockstore,
+    genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo},
+    get_tmp_ledger_path,
+};
 use solana_measure::measure::Measure;
+use solana_perf::packet::to_packets_chunked;
 use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
-use solana_sdk::hash::Hash;
-use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
-use solana_sdk::signature::Keypair;
-use solana_sdk::signature::Signature;
-use solana_sdk::system_transaction;
-use solana_sdk::timing::{duration_as_us, timestamp};
-use solana_sdk::transaction::Transaction;
-use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
-use std::sync::mpsc::Receiver;
-use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock};
-use std::thread::sleep;
-use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+use solana_sdk::{
+    hash::Hash,
+    pubkey::Pubkey,
+    signature::Keypair,
+    signature::Signature,
+    system_transaction,
+    timing::{duration_as_us, timestamp},
+    transaction::Transaction,
+};
+use std::{
+    sync::{atomic::Ordering, mpsc::Receiver, Arc, Mutex},
+    thread::sleep,
+    time::{Duration, Instant},
+};

 fn check_txs(
    receiver: &Arc<Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>>,
@@ -57,15 +65,22 @@ fn check_txs(
    no_bank
 }

-fn make_accounts_txs(txes: usize, mint_keypair: &Keypair, hash: Hash) -> Vec<Transaction> {
+fn make_accounts_txs(
+    total_num_transactions: usize,
+    hash: Hash,
+    same_payer: bool,
+) -> Vec<Transaction> {
    let to_pubkey = Pubkey::new_rand();
-    let dummy = system_transaction::transfer(mint_keypair, &to_pubkey, 1, hash);
-    (0..txes)
+    let payer_key = Keypair::new();
+    let dummy = system_transaction::transfer(&payer_key, &to_pubkey, 1, hash);
+    (0..total_num_transactions)
        .into_par_iter()
        .map(|_| {
            let mut new = dummy.clone();
            let sig: Vec<u8> = (0..64).map(|_| thread_rng().gen()).collect();
-            new.message.account_keys[0] = Pubkey::new_rand();
+            if !same_payer {
+                new.message.account_keys[0] = Pubkey::new_rand();
+            }
            new.message.account_keys[1] = Pubkey::new_rand();
            new.signatures = vec![Signature::new(&sig[0..64])];
            new
@@ -89,13 +104,61 @@ fn bytes_as_usize(bytes: &[u8]) -> usize {
    bytes[0] as usize | (bytes[1] as usize) << 8
 }

+#[allow(clippy::cognitive_complexity)]
 fn main() {
    solana_logger::setup();
-    let num_threads = BankingStage::num_threads() as usize;
+
+    let matches = App::new(crate_name!())
+        .about(crate_description!())
+        .version(solana_version::version!())
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("num_chunks")
+                .long("num-chunks")
+                .takes_value(true)
+                .value_name("SIZE")
+                .help("Number of transaction chunks."),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("packets_per_chunk")
+                .long("packets-per-chunk")
+                .takes_value(true)
+                .value_name("SIZE")
+                .help("Packets per chunk"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("skip_sanity")
+                .long("skip-sanity")
+                .takes_value(false)
+                .help("Skip transaction sanity execution"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("same_payer")
+                .long("same-payer")
+                .takes_value(false)
+                .help("Use the same payer for transfers"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("iterations")
+                .long("iterations")
+                .takes_value(true)
+                .help("Number of iterations"),
+        )
+        .arg(
+            Arg::with_name("num_threads")
+                .long("num-threads")
+                .takes_value(true)
+                .help("Number of iterations"),
+        )
+        .get_matches();
+
+    let num_threads =
+        value_t!(matches, "num_threads", usize).unwrap_or(BankingStage::num_threads() as usize);
    //   a multiple of packet chunk duplicates to avoid races
-    const CHUNKS: usize = 8 * 2;
-    const PACKETS_PER_BATCH: usize = 192;
-    let txes = PACKETS_PER_BATCH * num_threads * CHUNKS;
+    let num_chunks = value_t!(matches, "num_chunks", usize).unwrap_or(16);
+    let packets_per_chunk = value_t!(matches, "packets_per_chunk", usize).unwrap_or(192);
+    let iterations = value_t!(matches, "iterations", usize).unwrap_or(1000);
+
+    let total_num_transactions = num_chunks * num_threads * packets_per_chunk;
    let mint_total = 1_000_000_000_000;
    let GenesisConfigInfo {
        genesis_config,
@@ -109,34 +172,44 @@ fn main() {
    let mut bank_forks = BankForks::new(0, bank0);
    let mut bank = bank_forks.working_bank();

-    info!("threads: {} txs: {}", num_threads, txes);
+    info!("threads: {} txs: {}", num_threads, total_num_transactions);

-    let mut transactions = make_accounts_txs(txes, &mint_keypair, genesis_config.hash());
+    let same_payer = matches.is_present("same_payer");
+    let mut transactions =
+        make_accounts_txs(total_num_transactions, genesis_config.hash(), same_payer);

    // fund all the accounts
    transactions.iter().for_each(|tx| {
-        let fund = system_transaction::transfer(
+        let mut fund = system_transaction::transfer(
            &mint_keypair,
            &tx.message.account_keys[0],
-            mint_total / txes as u64,
+            mint_total / total_num_transactions as u64,
            genesis_config.hash(),
        );
+        // Ignore any pesky duplicate signature errors in the case we are using single-payer
+        let sig: Vec<u8> = (0..64).map(|_| thread_rng().gen()).collect();
+        fund.signatures = vec![Signature::new(&sig[0..64])];
        let x = bank.process_transaction(&fund);
        x.unwrap();
    });
-    //sanity check, make sure all the transactions can execute sequentially
-    transactions.iter().for_each(|tx| {
-        let res = bank.process_transaction(&tx);
-        assert!(res.is_ok(), "sanity test transactions");
-    });
-    bank.clear_signatures();
-    //sanity check, make sure all the transactions can execute in parallel
-    let res = bank.process_transactions(&transactions);
-    for r in res {
-        assert!(r.is_ok(), "sanity parallel execution");
+
+    let skip_sanity = matches.is_present("skip_sanity");
+    if !skip_sanity {
+        //sanity check, make sure all the transactions can execute sequentially
+        transactions.iter().for_each(|tx| {
+            let res = bank.process_transaction(&tx);
+            assert!(res.is_ok(), "sanity test transactions error: {:?}", res);
+        });
+        bank.clear_signatures();
+        //sanity check, make sure all the transactions can execute in parallel
+        let res = bank.process_transactions(&transactions);
+        for r in res {
+            assert!(r.is_ok(), "sanity parallel execution error: {:?}", r);
+        }
+        bank.clear_signatures();
    }
-    bank.clear_signatures();
-    let mut verified: Vec<_> = to_packets_chunked(&transactions.clone(), PACKETS_PER_BATCH);
+
+    let mut verified: Vec<_> = to_packets_chunked(&transactions.clone(), packets_per_chunk);
    let ledger_path = get_tmp_ledger_path!();
    {
        let blockstore = Arc::new(
@@ -145,7 +218,7 @@ fn main() {
        let (exit, poh_recorder, poh_service, signal_receiver) =
            create_test_recorder(&bank, &blockstore, None);
        let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(Node::new_localhost().info);
-        let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+        let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
        let banking_stage = BankingStage::new(
            &cluster_info,
            &poh_recorder,
@@ -155,7 +228,7 @@ fn main() {
        );
        poh_recorder.lock().unwrap().set_bank(&bank);

-        let chunk_len = verified.len() / CHUNKS;
+        let chunk_len = verified.len() / num_chunks;
        let mut start = 0;

        // This is so that the signal_receiver does not go out of scope after the closure.
@@ -164,17 +237,17 @@ fn main() {
        let signal_receiver = Arc::new(signal_receiver);
        let mut total_us = 0;
        let mut tx_total_us = 0;
+        let base_tx_count = bank.transaction_count();
        let mut txs_processed = 0;
        let mut root = 1;
        let collector = Pubkey::new_rand();
-        const ITERS: usize = 1_000;
        let config = Config {
-            packets_per_batch: PACKETS_PER_BATCH,
+            packets_per_batch: packets_per_chunk,
            chunk_len,
            num_threads,
        };
        let mut total_sent = 0;
-        for _ in 0..ITERS {
+        for _ in 0..iterations {
            let now = Instant::now();
            let mut sent = 0;

@@ -215,7 +288,11 @@ fn main() {
                    sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));
                }
            }
-            if check_txs(&signal_receiver, txes / CHUNKS, &poh_recorder) {
+            if check_txs(
+                &signal_receiver,
+                total_num_transactions / num_chunks,
+                &poh_recorder,
+            ) {
                debug!(
                    "resetting bank {} tx count: {} txs_proc: {}",
                    bank.slot(),
@@ -246,7 +323,7 @@ fn main() {
                poh_recorder.lock().unwrap().set_bank(&bank);
                assert!(poh_recorder.lock().unwrap().bank().is_some());
                if bank.slot() > 32 {
-                    bank_forks.set_root(root, &None);
+                    bank_forks.set_root(root, &None, None);
                    root += 1;
                }
                debug!(
@@ -267,7 +344,7 @@ fn main() {
            debug!(
                "time: {} us checked: {} sent: {}",
                duration_as_us(&now.elapsed()),
-                txes / CHUNKS,
+                total_num_transactions / num_chunks,
                sent,
            );
            total_sent += sent;
@@ -278,20 +355,26 @@ fn main() {
                    let sig: Vec<u8> = (0..64).map(|_| thread_rng().gen()).collect();
                    tx.signatures[0] = Signature::new(&sig[0..64]);
                }
-                verified = to_packets_chunked(&transactions.clone(), PACKETS_PER_BATCH);
+                verified = to_packets_chunked(&transactions.clone(), packets_per_chunk);
            }

            start += chunk_len;
            start %= verified.len();
        }
+        let txs_processed = bank_forks.working_bank().transaction_count();
+        debug!("processed: {} base: {}", txs_processed, base_tx_count);
        eprintln!(
-            "{{'name': 'banking_bench_total', 'median': '{}'}}",
+            "{{'name': 'banking_bench_total', 'median': '{:.2}'}}",
            (1000.0 * 1000.0 * total_sent as f64) / (total_us as f64),
        );
        eprintln!(
-            "{{'name': 'banking_bench_tx_total', 'median': '{}'}}",
+            "{{'name': 'banking_bench_tx_total', 'median': '{:.2}'}}",
            (1000.0 * 1000.0 * total_sent as f64) / (tx_total_us as f64),
        );
+        eprintln!(
+            "{{'name': 'banking_bench_success_tx_total', 'median': '{:.2}'}}",
+            (1000.0 * 1000.0 * (txs_processed - base_tx_count) as f64) / (total_us as f64),
+        );

        drop(verified_sender);
        drop(vote_sender);
--- a/bench-exchange/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bench-exchange/Cargo.toml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 edition = "2018"
 name = "solana-bench-exchange"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 homepage = "https://solana.com/"
@@ -10,25 +10,28 @@ publish = false

 [dependencies]
 clap = "2.32.0"
-itertools = "0.8.2"
+itertools = "0.9.0"
 log = "0.4.8"
 num-derive = "0.3"
 num-traits = "0.2"
-rand = "0.6.5"
-rayon = "1.2.0"
-serde_json = "1.0.46"
+rand = "0.7.0"
+rayon = "1.3.0"
+serde_json = "1.0.48"
 serde_yaml = "0.8.11"
-solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-genesis = { path = "../genesis", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-faucet = { path = "../faucet", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-exchange-program = { path = "../programs/exchange", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-genesis = { path = "../genesis", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-faucet = { path = "../faucet", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-exchange-program = { path = "../programs/exchange", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }

 [dev-dependencies]
-solana-local-cluster = { path = "../local-cluster", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-local-cluster = { path = "../local-cluster", version = "1.1.15" }
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/bench-exchange/tests/bench_exchange.rs
+++ b/bench-exchange/tests/bench_exchange.rs
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ fn test_exchange_bank_client() {
    solana_logger::setup();
    let (genesis_config, identity) = create_genesis_config(100_000_000_000_000);
    let mut bank = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
-    bank.add_instruction_processor(id(), process_instruction);
+    bank.add_static_program("exchange_program", id(), process_instruction);
    let clients = vec![BankClient::new(bank)];

    let mut config = Config::default();
--- a/bench-streamer/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bench-streamer/Cargo.toml
@@ -2,14 +2,17 @@
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 edition = "2018"
 name = "solana-bench-streamer"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 homepage = "https://solana.com/"

 [dependencies]
 clap = "2.33.0"
-solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-streamer = { path = "../streamer", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/bench-streamer/src/main.rs
+++ b/bench-streamer/src/main.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use clap::{crate_description, crate_name, App, Arg};
-use solana_core::packet::{Packet, Packets, PacketsRecycler, PACKET_DATA_SIZE};
-use solana_core::streamer::{receiver, PacketReceiver};
+use solana_streamer::packet::{Packet, Packets, PacketsRecycler, PACKET_DATA_SIZE};
+use solana_streamer::streamer::{receiver, PacketReceiver};
 use std::cmp::max;
 use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr, UdpSocket};
 use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicUsize, Ordering};
--- a/bench-tps/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bench-tps/Cargo.toml
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 edition = "2018"
 name = "solana-bench-tps"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 homepage = "https://solana.com/"
@@ -11,27 +11,30 @@ homepage = "https://solana.com/"
 bincode = "1.2.1"
 clap = "2.33.0"
 log = "0.4.8"
-rayon = "1.2.0"
-serde_json = "1.0.46"
+rayon = "1.3.0"
+serde_json = "1.0.48"
 serde_yaml = "0.8.11"
-solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-genesis = { path = "../genesis", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-faucet = { path = "../faucet", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-librapay = { path = "../programs/librapay", version = "1.0.9", optional = true }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-measure = { path = "../measure", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-move-loader-program = { path = "../programs/move_loader", version = "1.0.9", optional = true }
+solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-genesis = { path = "../genesis", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-faucet = { path = "../faucet", version = "1.1.15" }
+#solana-librapay = { path = "../programs/librapay", version = "1.1.8", optional = true }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-measure = { path = "../measure", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }
+#solana-move-loader-program = { path = "../programs/move_loader", version = "1.1.8", optional = true }

 [dev-dependencies]
-serial_test = "0.3.2"
+serial_test = "0.4.0"
 serial_test_derive = "0.4.0"
-solana-local-cluster = { path = "../local-cluster", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-local-cluster = { path = "../local-cluster", version = "1.1.15" }

-[features]
-move = ["solana-librapay", "solana-move-loader-program"]
+#[features]
+#move = ["solana-librapay", "solana-move-loader-program"]
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/chacha-cuda/Cargo.toml
+++ b/chacha-cuda/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "solana-chacha-cuda"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 description = "Solana Chacha Cuda APIs"
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
@@ -10,15 +10,18 @@ edition = "2018"

 [dependencies]
 log = "0.4.8"
-solana-archiver-utils = { path = "../archiver-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-chacha = { path = "../chacha", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-archiver-utils = { path = "../archiver-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-chacha = { path = "../chacha", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }

 [dev-dependencies]
 hex-literal = "0.2.1"

 [lib]
 name = "solana_chacha_cuda"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/chacha-sys/Cargo.toml
+++ b/chacha-sys/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "solana-chacha-sys"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 description = "Solana chacha-sys"
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
@@ -10,3 +10,6 @@ edition = "2018"

 [build-dependencies]
 cc = "1.0.49"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/chacha/Cargo.toml
+++ b/chacha/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "solana-chacha"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 description = "Solana Chacha APIs"
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
@@ -10,16 +10,19 @@ edition = "2018"

 [dependencies]
 log = "0.4.8"
-rand = "0.6.5"
-rand_chacha = "0.1.1"
-solana-chacha-sys = { path = "../chacha-sys", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
+rand = "0.7.0"
+rand_chacha = "0.2.2"
+solana-chacha-sys = { path = "../chacha-sys", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }

 [dev-dependencies]
 hex-literal = "0.2.1"

 [lib]
 name = "solana_chacha"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/ci/_
+++ b/ci/_
@@ -5,7 +5,13 @@
 # |source| me
 #

+base_dir=$(realpath --strip "$(dirname "$0")/..")
+
 _() {
-  echo "--- $*"
+  if [[ $(pwd) = $base_dir ]]; then
+    echo "--- $*"
+  else
+    echo "--- $* (wd: $(pwd))"
+  fi
  "$@"
 }
--- a/ci/buildkite-secondary.yml
+++ b/ci/buildkite-secondary.yml
@@ -2,6 +2,16 @@
 # Build steps that run after the primary pipeline on pushes and tags.
 # Pull requests to not run these steps.
 steps:
+  - command: "ci/publish-tarball.sh"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 60
+    name: "publish tarball"
+  - command: "ci/publish-docs.sh"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 15
+    name: "publish docs"
+  - command: "ci/publish-bpf-sdk.sh"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 5
+    name: "publish bpf sdk"
+  - wait
  - command: "sdk/docker-solana/build.sh"
    timeout_in_minutes: 60
    name: "publish docker"
@@ -9,12 +19,6 @@ steps:
    timeout_in_minutes: 240
    name: "publish crate"
    branches: "!master"
-  - command: "ci/publish-bpf-sdk.sh"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 5
-    name: "publish bpf sdk"
-  - command: "ci/publish-tarball.sh"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 60
-    name: "publish tarball"
-  - command: "ci/publish-docs.sh"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 15
-    name: "publish docs"
+    #  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_stable_docker_image ci/test-move.sh"
+    #    name: "move"
+    #    timeout_in_minutes: 20
--- a/ci/buildkite-tests.yml
+++ b/ci/buildkite-tests.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+# These steps are conditionally triggered by ci/buildkite.yml when files
+# other than those in docs/ are modified
+
+steps:
+  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_nightly_docker_image ci/test-coverage.sh"
+    name: "coverage"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 30
+  - wait
+  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_stable_docker_image ci/test-stable.sh"
+    name: "stable"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 60
+    artifact_paths: "log-*.txt"
+  - wait
+  - command: "ci/test-stable-perf.sh"
+    name: "stable-perf"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 40
+    artifact_paths: "log-*.txt"
+    agents:
+      - "queue=cuda"
+  - command: "ci/test-bench.sh"
+    name: "bench"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 30
+  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_stable_docker_image ci/test-local-cluster.sh"
+    name: "local-cluster"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 45
+    artifact_paths: "log-*.txt"
--- a/ci/buildkite.yml
+++ b/ci/buildkite.yml
@@ -1,42 +1,25 @@
 # Build steps that run on pushes and pull requests.
+# If files other than those in docs/ were modified, this will be followed up by
+# ci/buildkite-tests.yml
 #
 # Release tags use buildkite-release.yml instead
+
 steps:
-  - command: "ci/shellcheck.sh"
-    name: "shellcheck"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 5
  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_nightly_docker_image ci/test-checks.sh"
    name: "checks"
    timeout_in_minutes: 20
+  - command: "ci/shellcheck.sh"
+    name: "shellcheck"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 5
+
  - wait
-  - command: "ci/test-stable-perf.sh"
-    name: "stable-perf"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 40
-    artifact_paths: "log-*.txt"
-    agents:
-      - "queue=cuda"
-  - command: "ci/test-bench.sh"
-    name: "bench"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 30
-  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_stable_docker_image ci/test-stable.sh"
-    name: "stable"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 60
-    artifact_paths: "log-*.txt"
-    agents:
-      - "queue=rpc-test-capable"
-  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_stable_docker_image ci/test-move.sh"
-    name: "move"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 20
-  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_stable_docker_image ci/test-local-cluster.sh"
-    name: "local-cluster"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 45
-    artifact_paths: "log-*.txt"
-  - command: ". ci/rust-version.sh; ci/docker-run.sh $$rust_nightly_docker_image ci/test-coverage.sh"
-    name: "coverage"
-    timeout_in_minutes: 30
-    agents:
-      - "queue=rpc-test-capable"
+
+  - command: "ci/maybe-trigger-tests.sh"
+    name: "maybe-trigger-tests"
+    timeout_in_minutes: 2
+
  - wait
+
  - trigger: "solana-secondary"
    branches: "!pull/*"
    async: true
--- a/ci/docker-run.sh
+++ b/ci/docker-run.sh
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ else
  # ~/.cargo
  ARGS+=(--volume "$PWD:/home")
 fi
-ARGS+=(--env "CARGO_HOME=/home/.cargo")
+ARGS+=(--env "HOME=/home" --env "CARGO_HOME=/home/.cargo")

 # kcov tries to set the personality of the binary which docker
 # doesn't allow by default.
--- a/ci/docker-rust-nightly/Dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker-rust-nightly/Dockerfile
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM solanalabs/rust:1.42.0
+FROM solanalabs/rust:1.43.0
 ARG date

 RUN set -x \
--- a/ci/docker-rust/Dockerfile
+++ b/ci/docker-rust/Dockerfile
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Note: when the rust version is changed also modify
 # ci/rust-version.sh to pick up the new image tag
-FROM rust:1.42.0
+FROM rust:1.43.0

 # Add Google Protocol Buffers for Libra's metrics library.
 ENV PROTOC_VERSION 3.8.0
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ RUN set -x \
 && cargo install cargo-audit \
 && cargo install svgbob_cli \
 && cargo install mdbook \
+ && cargo install mdbook-linkcheck \
 && rustc --version \
 && cargo --version \
 && curl -OL https://github.com/google/protobuf/releases/download/v$PROTOC_VERSION/$PROTOC_ZIP \
--- a/ci/maybe-trigger-tests.sh
+++ b/ci/maybe-trigger-tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+set -e
+cd "$(dirname "$0")/.."
+
+annotate() {
+  ${BUILDKITE:-false} && {
+    buildkite-agent annotate "$@"
+  }
+}
+
+# Skip if only the docs have been modified
+ci/affects-files.sh \
+  \!^docs/ \
+|| {
+  annotate --style info \
+    "Skipping all further tests as only docs/ files were modified"
+  exit 0
+}
+
+annotate --style info "Triggering tests"
+buildkite-agent pipeline upload ci/buildkite-tests.yml
--- a/ci/publish-tarball.sh
+++ b/ci/publish-tarball.sh
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ echo --- Creating release tarball
  export CHANNEL

  source ci/rust-version.sh stable
-  scripts/cargo-install-all.sh +"$rust_stable" --use-move solana-release
+  scripts/cargo-install-all.sh +"$rust_stable" solana-release

  tar cvf solana-release-$TARGET.tar solana-release
  bzip2 solana-release-$TARGET.tar
@@ -95,9 +95,8 @@ fi
 source ci/upload-ci-artifact.sh

 for file in solana-release-$TARGET.tar.bz2 solana-release-$TARGET.yml solana-install-init-"$TARGET"* $MAYBE_TARBALLS; do
-  upload-ci-artifact "$file"
-
  if [[ -n $DO_NOT_PUBLISH_TAR ]]; then
+    upload-ci-artifact "$file"
    echo "Skipped $file due to DO_NOT_PUBLISH_TAR"
    continue
  fi
--- a/ci/run-sanity.sh
+++ b/ci/run-sanity.sh
@@ -2,8 +2,10 @@
 set -e

 cd "$(dirname "$0")/.."
+# shellcheck source=multinode-demo/common.sh
+source multinode-demo/common.sh

-rm -f config/run/init-completed
+rm -rf config/run/init-completed config/ledger config/snapshot-ledger

 timeout 15 ./run.sh &
 pid=$!
@@ -17,6 +19,13 @@ while [[ ! -f config/run/init-completed ]]; do
  fi
 done

+while [[ $($solana_cli slot --commitment recent) -eq 0 ]]; do
+  sleep 1
+done
 curl -X POST -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d '{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":1, "method":"validatorExit"}' http://localhost:8899

 wait $pid
+
+$solana_ledger_tool create-snapshot --ledger config/ledger 1 config/snapshot-ledger
+cp config/ledger/genesis.tar.bz2 config/snapshot-ledger
+$solana_ledger_tool verify --ledger config/snapshot-ledger
--- a/ci/rust-version.sh
+++ b/ci/rust-version.sh
@@ -1,28 +1,30 @@
 #
 # This file maintains the rust versions for use by CI.
 #
-# Build with stable rust, updating the stable toolchain if necessary:
-#   $ source ci/rust-version.sh stable
-#   $ cargo +"$rust_stable" build
-#
-# Build with nightly rust, updating the nightly toolchain if necessary:
-#   $ source ci/rust-version.sh nightly
-#   $ cargo +"$rust_nightly" build
-#
 # Obtain the environment variables without any automatic toolchain updating:
 #   $ source ci/rust-version.sh
 #
+# Obtain the environment variables updating both stable and nightly, only stable, or
+# only nightly:
+#   $ source ci/rust-version.sh all
+#   $ source ci/rust-version.sh stable
+#   $ source ci/rust-version.sh nightly
+
+# Then to build with either stable or nightly:
+#   $ cargo +"$rust_stable" build
+#   $ cargo +"$rust_nightly" build
+#

 if [[ -n $RUST_STABLE_VERSION ]]; then
  stable_version="$RUST_STABLE_VERSION"
 else
-  stable_version=1.42.0
+  stable_version=1.43.0
 fi

 if [[ -n $RUST_NIGHTLY_VERSION ]]; then
  nightly_version="$RUST_NIGHTLY_VERSION"
 else
-  nightly_version=2020-03-12
+  nightly_version=2020-04-23
 fi


@@ -51,6 +53,10 @@ export rust_nightly_docker_image=solanalabs/rust-nightly:"$nightly_version"
  nightly)
     rustup_install "$rust_nightly"
    ;;
+  all)
+     rustup_install "$rust_stable"
+     rustup_install "$rust_nightly"
+    ;;
  *)
    echo "Note: ignoring unknown argument: $1"
    ;;
--- a/ci/test-bench.sh
+++ b/ci/test-bench.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ source ci/_
 source ci/upload-ci-artifact.sh

 eval "$(ci/channel-info.sh)"
-source ci/rust-version.sh nightly
+source ci/rust-version.sh all

 set -o pipefail
 export RUST_BACKTRACE=1
@@ -67,8 +67,9 @@ _ cargo +$rust_nightly bench --manifest-path core/Cargo.toml ${V:+--verbose} \
 _ cargo +$rust_nightly bench --manifest-path programs/bpf/Cargo.toml ${V:+--verbose} --features=bpf_c \
  -- -Z unstable-options --format=json --nocapture | tee -a "$BENCH_FILE"

-# Run banking bench. Doesn't require nightly, but use since it is already built.
+# Run banking/accounts bench. Doesn't require nightly, but use since it is already built.
 _ cargo +$rust_nightly run --release --manifest-path banking-bench/Cargo.toml ${V:+--verbose} | tee -a "$BENCH_FILE"
+_ cargo +$rust_nightly run --release --manifest-path accounts-bench/Cargo.toml ${V:+--verbose} -- --num_accounts 10000 --num_slots 4 | tee -a "$BENCH_FILE"

 # `solana-upload-perf` disabled as it can take over 30 minutes to complete for some
 # reason
--- a/ci/test-checks.sh
+++ b/ci/test-checks.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ _ cargo +"$rust_stable" clippy --all --exclude solana-sdk-c -- --deny=warnings
 _ cargo +"$rust_stable" clippy --manifest-path sdk-c/Cargo.toml -- --deny=warnings

 _ cargo +"$rust_stable" audit --version
-_ cargo +"$rust_stable" audit --ignore RUSTSEC-2020-0002
+_ cargo +"$rust_stable" audit --ignore RUSTSEC-2020-0002 --ignore RUSTSEC-2020-0008
 _ ci/nits.sh
 _ ci/order-crates-for-publishing.py
 _ docs/build.sh
--- a/ci/test-stable.sh
+++ b/ci/test-stable.sh
@@ -38,11 +38,16 @@ test -d target/release/bpf && find target/release/bpf -name '*.d' -delete
 # Clear the BPF sysroot files, they are not automatically rebuilt
 rm -rf target/xargo # Issue #3105

+# Limit compiler jobs to reduce memory usage
+# on machines with 1gb/thread of memory
+NPROC=$(nproc)
+NPROC=$((NPROC>16 ? 16 : NPROC))
+
 echo "Executing $testName"
 case $testName in
 test-stable)
-  _ cargo +"$rust_stable" test --all --exclude solana-local-cluster ${V:+--verbose} -- --nocapture
-  _ cargo +"$rust_stable" test --manifest-path bench-tps/Cargo.toml --features=move ${V:+--verbose} test_bench_tps_local_cluster_move -- --nocapture
+  _ cargo +"$rust_stable" test --jobs "$NPROC" --all --exclude solana-local-cluster ${V:+--verbose} -- --nocapture
+  #_ cargo +"$rust_stable" test --manifest-path bench-tps/Cargo.toml --features=move ${V:+--verbose} test_bench_tps_local_cluster_move -- --nocapture
  ;;
 test-stable-perf)
  ci/affects-files.sh \
--- a/clap-utils/Cargo.toml
+++ b/clap-utils/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "solana-clap-utils"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 description = "Solana utilities for the clap"
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ edition = "2018"
 [dependencies]
 clap = "2.33.0"
 rpassword = "4.0"
-solana-remote-wallet = { path = "../remote-wallet", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-remote-wallet = { path = "../remote-wallet", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }
 thiserror = "1.0.11"
 tiny-bip39 = "0.7.0"
 url = "2.1.0"
@@ -20,3 +20,6 @@ chrono = "0.4"

 [lib]
 name = "solana_clap_utils"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/clap-utils/src/commitment.rs
+++ b/clap-utils/src/commitment.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+use crate::ArgConstant;
+use clap::Arg;
+
+pub const COMMITMENT_ARG: ArgConstant<'static> = ArgConstant {
+    name: "commitment",
+    long: "commitment",
+    help: "Return information at the selected commitment level",
+};
+
+pub fn commitment_arg<'a, 'b>() -> Arg<'a, 'b> {
+    commitment_arg_with_default("recent")
+}
+
+pub fn commitment_arg_with_default<'a, 'b>(default_value: &'static str) -> Arg<'a, 'b> {
+    Arg::with_name(COMMITMENT_ARG.name)
+        .long(COMMITMENT_ARG.long)
+        .takes_value(true)
+        .possible_values(&["recent", "root", "max"])
+        .default_value(default_value)
+        .value_name("COMMITMENT_LEVEL")
+        .help(COMMITMENT_ARG.help)
+}
--- a/clap-utils/src/input_parsers.rs
+++ b/clap-utils/src/input_parsers.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use clap::ArgMatches;
 use solana_remote_wallet::remote_wallet::RemoteWalletManager;
 use solana_sdk::{
    clock::UnixTimestamp,
+    commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,
    native_token::sol_to_lamports,
    pubkey::Pubkey,
    signature::{read_keypair_file, Keypair, Signature, Signer},
@@ -62,6 +63,21 @@ pub fn keypair_of(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>, name: &str) -> Option<Keypair> {
    }
 }

+pub fn keypairs_of(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>, name: &str) -> Option<Vec<Keypair>> {
+    matches.values_of(name).map(|values| {
+        values
+            .filter_map(|value| {
+                if value == ASK_KEYWORD {
+                    let skip_validation = matches.is_present(SKIP_SEED_PHRASE_VALIDATION_ARG.name);
+                    keypair_from_seed_phrase(name, skip_validation, true).ok()
+                } else {
+                    read_keypair_file(value).ok()
+                }
+            })
+            .collect()
+    })
+}
+
 // Return a pubkey for an argument that can itself be parsed into a pubkey,
 // or is a filename that can be read as a keypair
 pub fn pubkey_of(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>, name: &str) -> Option<Pubkey> {
@@ -101,7 +117,7 @@ pub fn pubkeys_sigs_of(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>, name: &str) -> Option<Vec<(Pubk
 pub fn signer_of(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    name: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<(Option<Box<dyn Signer>>, Option<Pubkey>), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    if let Some(location) = matches.value_of(name) {
        let signer = signer_from_path(matches, location, name, wallet_manager)?;
@@ -115,7 +131,7 @@ pub fn signer_of(
 pub fn pubkey_of_signer(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    name: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<Option<Pubkey>, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    if let Some(location) = matches.value_of(name) {
        Ok(Some(pubkey_from_path(
@@ -132,7 +148,7 @@ pub fn pubkey_of_signer(
 pub fn pubkeys_of_multiple_signers(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    name: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<Option<Vec<Pubkey>>, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    if let Some(pubkey_matches) = matches.values_of(name) {
        let mut pubkeys: Vec<Pubkey> = vec![];
@@ -148,7 +164,7 @@ pub fn pubkeys_of_multiple_signers(
 pub fn resolve_signer(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    name: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<Option<String>, Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    Ok(resolve_signer_from_path(
        matches,
@@ -162,6 +178,15 @@ pub fn lamports_of_sol(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>, name: &str) -> Option<u64> {
    value_of(matches, name).map(sol_to_lamports)
 }

+pub fn commitment_of(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>, name: &str) -> Option<CommitmentConfig> {
+    matches.value_of(name).map(|value| match value {
+        "max" => CommitmentConfig::max(),
+        "recent" => CommitmentConfig::recent(),
+        "root" => CommitmentConfig::root(),
+        _ => CommitmentConfig::default(),
+    })
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::*;
--- a/clap-utils/src/keypair.rs
+++ b/clap-utils/src/keypair.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use clap::ArgMatches;
 use rpassword::prompt_password_stderr;
 use solana_remote_wallet::{
    remote_keypair::generate_remote_keypair,
-    remote_wallet::{RemoteWalletError, RemoteWalletManager},
+    remote_wallet::{maybe_wallet_manager, RemoteWalletError, RemoteWalletManager},
 };
 use solana_sdk::{
    pubkey::Pubkey,
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ pub fn signer_from_path(
    matches: &ArgMatches,
    path: &str,
    keypair_name: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<Box<dyn Signer>, Box<dyn error::Error>> {
    match parse_keypair_path(path) {
        KeypairUrl::Ask => {
@@ -88,6 +88,9 @@ pub fn signer_from_path(
            Ok(Box::new(read_keypair(&mut stdin)?))
        }
        KeypairUrl::Usb(path) => {
+            if wallet_manager.is_none() {
+                *wallet_manager = maybe_wallet_manager()?;
+            }
            if let Some(wallet_manager) = wallet_manager {
                Ok(Box::new(generate_remote_keypair(
                    path,
@@ -122,7 +125,7 @@ pub fn pubkey_from_path(
    matches: &ArgMatches,
    path: &str,
    keypair_name: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<Pubkey, Box<dyn error::Error>> {
    match parse_keypair_path(path) {
        KeypairUrl::Pubkey(pubkey) => Ok(pubkey),
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@ pub fn resolve_signer_from_path(
    matches: &ArgMatches,
    path: &str,
    keypair_name: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<Option<String>, Box<dyn error::Error>> {
    match parse_keypair_path(path) {
        KeypairUrl::Ask => {
@@ -158,6 +161,9 @@ pub fn resolve_signer_from_path(
            read_keypair(&mut stdin).map(|_| None)
        }
        KeypairUrl::Usb(path) => {
+            if wallet_manager.is_none() {
+                *wallet_manager = maybe_wallet_manager()?;
+            }
            if let Some(wallet_manager) = wallet_manager {
                let path = generate_remote_keypair(
                    path,
--- a/clap-utils/src/lib.rs
+++ b/clap-utils/src/lib.rs
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@ impl std::fmt::Debug for DisplayError {
    }
 }

+pub mod commitment;
 pub mod input_parsers;
 pub mod input_validators;
 pub mod keypair;
--- a/cli-config/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cli-config/Cargo.toml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 edition = "2018"
 name = "solana-cli-config"
 description = "Blockchain, Rebuilt for Scale"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 homepage = "https://solana.com/"
@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ homepage = "https://solana.com/"
 [dependencies]
 dirs = "2.0.2"
 lazy_static = "1.4.0"
-serde = "1.0.104"
+serde = "1.0.105"
 serde_derive = "1.0.103"
 serde_yaml = "0.8.11"
 url = "2.1.1"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/cli-config/src/config.rs
+++ b/cli-config/src/config.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,6 @@
 // Wallet settings that can be configured for long-term use
 use serde_derive::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use std::{
-    fs::{create_dir_all, File},
-    io::{self, Write},
-    path::Path,
-};
+use std::io;
 use url::Url;

 lazy_static! {
@@ -30,7 +26,7 @@ impl Default for Config {
            keypair_path.extend(&[".config", "solana", "id.json"]);
            keypair_path.to_str().unwrap().to_string()
        };
-        let json_rpc_url = "http://127.0.0.1:8899".to_string();
+        let json_rpc_url = "https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com".to_string();

        // Empty websocket_url string indicates the client should
        // `Config::compute_websocket_url(&json_rpc_url)`
@@ -46,23 +42,11 @@ impl Default for Config {

 impl Config {
    pub fn load(config_file: &str) -> Result<Self, io::Error> {
-        let file = File::open(config_file.to_string())?;
-        let config = serde_yaml::from_reader(file)
-            .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, format!("{:?}", err)))?;
-        Ok(config)
+        crate::load_config_file(config_file)
    }

    pub fn save(&self, config_file: &str) -> Result<(), io::Error> {
-        let serialized = serde_yaml::to_string(self)
-            .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, format!("{:?}", err)))?;
-
-        if let Some(outdir) = Path::new(&config_file).parent() {
-            create_dir_all(outdir)?;
-        }
-        let mut file = File::create(config_file)?;
-        file.write_all(&serialized.into_bytes())?;
-
-        Ok(())
+        crate::save_config_file(self, config_file)
    }

    pub fn compute_websocket_url(json_rpc_url: &str) -> String {
@@ -76,17 +60,38 @@ impl Config {
        ws_url
            .set_scheme(if is_secure { "wss" } else { "ws" })
            .expect("unable to set scheme");
-        let ws_port = match json_rpc_url.port() {
-            Some(port) => port + 1,
-            None => {
-                if is_secure {
-                    8901
-                } else {
-                    8900
-                }
-            }
-        };
-        ws_url.set_port(Some(ws_port)).expect("unable to set port");
+        if let Some(port) = json_rpc_url.port() {
+            ws_url.set_port(Some(port + 1)).expect("unable to set port");
+        }
        ws_url.to_string()
    }
 }
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compute_websocket_url() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            Config::compute_websocket_url(&"http://devnet.solana.com"),
+            "ws://devnet.solana.com/".to_string()
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            Config::compute_websocket_url(&"https://devnet.solana.com"),
+            "wss://devnet.solana.com/".to_string()
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            Config::compute_websocket_url(&"http://example.com:8899"),
+            "ws://example.com:8900/".to_string()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            Config::compute_websocket_url(&"https://example.com:1234"),
+            "wss://example.com:1235/".to_string()
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(Config::compute_websocket_url(&"garbage"), String::new());
+    }
+}
--- a/cli-config/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cli-config/src/lib.rs
@@ -3,3 +3,37 @@ extern crate lazy_static;

 mod config;
 pub use config::{Config, CONFIG_FILE};
+
+use std::{
+    fs::{create_dir_all, File},
+    io::{self, Write},
+    path::Path,
+};
+
+pub fn load_config_file<T, P>(config_file: P) -> Result<T, io::Error>
+where
+    T: serde::de::DeserializeOwned,
+    P: AsRef<Path>,
+{
+    let file = File::open(config_file)?;
+    let config = serde_yaml::from_reader(file)
+        .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, format!("{:?}", err)))?;
+    Ok(config)
+}
+
+pub fn save_config_file<T, P>(config: &T, config_file: P) -> Result<(), io::Error>
+where
+    T: serde::ser::Serialize,
+    P: AsRef<Path>,
+{
+    let serialized = serde_yaml::to_string(config)
+        .map_err(|err| io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, format!("{:?}", err)))?;
+
+    if let Some(outdir) = config_file.as_ref().parent() {
+        create_dir_all(outdir)?;
+    }
+    let mut file = File::create(config_file)?;
+    file.write_all(&serialized.into_bytes())?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
--- a/cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 edition = "2018"
 name = "solana-cli"
 description = "Blockchain, Rebuilt for Scale"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 homepage = "https://solana.com/"
@@ -11,45 +11,49 @@ homepage = "https://solana.com/"
 [dependencies]
 bincode = "1.2.1"
 bs58 = "0.3.0"
-chrono = { version = "0.4.10", features = ["serde"] }
+chrono = { version = "0.4.11", features = ["serde"] }
 clap = "2.33.0"
 criterion-stats = "0.3.0"
 ctrlc = { version = "3.1.4", features = ["termination"] }
-console = "0.9.2"
+console = "0.10.0"
 dirs = "2.0.2"
 log = "0.4.8"
+Inflector = "0.11.4"
 indicatif = "0.14.0"
 humantime = "2.0.0"
 num-traits = "0.2"
 pretty-hex = "0.1.1"
-reqwest = { version = "0.10.1", default-features = false, features = ["blocking", "rustls-tls"] }
-serde = "1.0.104"
+reqwest = { version = "0.10.4", default-features = false, features = ["blocking", "rustls-tls", "json"] }
+serde = "1.0.105"
 serde_derive = "1.0.103"
-serde_json = "1.0.46"
-solana-budget-program = { path = "../programs/budget", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-cli-config = { path = "../cli-config", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-config-program = { path = "../programs/config", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-faucet = { path = "../faucet", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-remote-wallet = { path = "../remote-wallet", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-stake-program = { path = "../programs/stake", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-storage-program = { path = "../programs/storage", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-vote-program = { path = "../programs/vote", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-vote-signer = { path = "../vote-signer", version = "1.0.9" }
-titlecase = "1.1.0"
-thiserror = "1.0.11"
+serde_json = "1.0.48"
+solana-budget-program = { path = "../programs/budget", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-cli-config = { path = "../cli-config", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-config-program = { path = "../programs/config", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-faucet = { path = "../faucet", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-remote-wallet = { path = "../remote-wallet", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-stake-program = { path = "../programs/stake", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-storage-program = { path = "../programs/storage", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-transaction-status = { path = "../transaction-status", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-vote-program = { path = "../programs/vote", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-vote-signer = { path = "../vote-signer", version = "1.1.15" }
+thiserror = "1.0.13"
 url = "2.1.1"

 [dev-dependencies]
-solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-budget-program = { path = "../programs/budget", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-core = { path = "../core", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-budget-program = { path = "../programs/budget", version = "1.1.15" }
 tempfile = "3.1.0"

 [[bin]]
 name = "solana"
 path = "src/main.rs"
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/cli/src/cli.rs
+++ b/cli/src/cli.rs
--- a/cli/src/cli_output.rs
+++ b/cli/src/cli_output.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,982 @@
+use crate::{cli::build_balance_message, display::writeln_name_value};
+use chrono::{DateTime, NaiveDateTime, SecondsFormat, Utc};
+use console::{style, Emoji};
+use inflector::cases::titlecase::to_title_case;
+use serde::Serialize;
+use serde_json::{Map, Value};
+use solana_client::rpc_response::{
+    RpcAccountBalance, RpcEpochInfo, RpcKeyedAccount, RpcSupply, RpcVoteAccountInfo,
+};
+use solana_sdk::{
+    clock::{self, Epoch, Slot, UnixTimestamp},
+    native_token::lamports_to_sol,
+    stake_history::StakeHistoryEntry,
+};
+use solana_stake_program::stake_state::{Authorized, Lockup};
+use solana_vote_program::{
+    authorized_voters::AuthorizedVoters,
+    vote_state::{BlockTimestamp, Lockout},
+};
+use std::{collections::BTreeMap, fmt, time::Duration};
+
+static WARNING: Emoji = Emoji("⚠️", "!");
+
+#[derive(PartialEq)]
+pub enum OutputFormat {
+    Display,
+    Json,
+    JsonCompact,
+}
+
+impl OutputFormat {
+    pub fn formatted_string<T>(&self, item: &T) -> String
+    where
+        T: Serialize + fmt::Display,
+    {
+        match self {
+            OutputFormat::Display => format!("{}", item),
+            OutputFormat::Json => serde_json::to_string_pretty(item).unwrap(),
+            OutputFormat::JsonCompact => serde_json::to_value(item).unwrap().to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CliAccount {
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    pub keyed_account: RpcKeyedAccount,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
+    pub use_lamports_unit: bool,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliAccount {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f)?;
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Public Key:", &self.keyed_account.pubkey)?;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Balance:",
+            &build_balance_message(
+                self.keyed_account.account.lamports,
+                self.use_lamports_unit,
+                true,
+            ),
+        )?;
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Owner:", &self.keyed_account.account.owner)?;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Executable:",
+            &self.keyed_account.account.executable.to_string(),
+        )?;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Rent Epoch:",
+            &self.keyed_account.account.rent_epoch.to_string(),
+        )?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CliBlockProduction {
+    pub epoch: Epoch,
+    pub start_slot: Slot,
+    pub end_slot: Slot,
+    pub total_slots: usize,
+    pub total_blocks_produced: usize,
+    pub total_slots_skipped: usize,
+    pub leaders: Vec<CliBlockProductionEntry>,
+    pub individual_slot_status: Vec<CliSlotStatus>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
+    pub verbose: bool,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliBlockProduction {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f)?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "{}",
+            style(format!(
+                "  {:<44}  {:>15}  {:>15}  {:>15}  {:>23}",
+                "Identity Pubkey",
+                "Leader Slots",
+                "Blocks Produced",
+                "Skipped Slots",
+                "Skipped Slot Percentage",
+            ))
+            .bold()
+        )?;
+        for leader in &self.leaders {
+            writeln!(
+                f,
+                "  {:<44}  {:>15}  {:>15}  {:>15}  {:>22.2}%",
+                leader.identity_pubkey,
+                leader.leader_slots,
+                leader.blocks_produced,
+                leader.skipped_slots,
+                leader.skipped_slots as f64 / leader.leader_slots as f64 * 100.
+            )?;
+        }
+        writeln!(f)?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "  {:<44}  {:>15}  {:>15}  {:>15}  {:>22.2}%",
+            format!("Epoch {} total:", self.epoch),
+            self.total_slots,
+            self.total_blocks_produced,
+            self.total_slots_skipped,
+            self.total_slots_skipped as f64 / self.total_slots as f64 * 100.
+        )?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "  (using data from {} slots: {} to {})",
+            self.total_slots, self.start_slot, self.end_slot
+        )?;
+        if self.verbose {
+            writeln!(f)?;
+            writeln!(f)?;
+            writeln!(
+                f,
+                "{}",
+                style(format!("  {:<15} {:<44}", "Slot", "Identity Pubkey")).bold(),
+            )?;
+            for status in &self.individual_slot_status {
+                if status.skipped {
+                    writeln!(
+                        f,
+                        "{}",
+                        style(format!(
+                            "  {:<15} {:<44} SKIPPED",
+                            status.slot, status.leader
+                        ))
+                        .red()
+                    )?;
+                } else {
+                    writeln!(
+                        f,
+                        "{}",
+                        style(format!("  {:<15} {:<44}", status.slot, status.leader))
+                    )?;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliBlockProductionEntry {
+    pub identity_pubkey: String,
+    pub leader_slots: u64,
+    pub blocks_produced: u64,
+    pub skipped_slots: u64,
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliSlotStatus {
+    pub slot: Slot,
+    pub leader: String,
+    pub skipped: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliEpochInfo {
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    pub epoch_info: RpcEpochInfo,
+}
+
+impl From<RpcEpochInfo> for CliEpochInfo {
+    fn from(epoch_info: RpcEpochInfo) -> Self {
+        Self { epoch_info }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliEpochInfo {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f)?;
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Slot:", &self.epoch_info.absolute_slot.to_string())?;
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Epoch:", &self.epoch_info.epoch.to_string())?;
+        let start_slot = self.epoch_info.absolute_slot - self.epoch_info.slot_index;
+        let end_slot = start_slot + self.epoch_info.slots_in_epoch;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Epoch Slot Range:",
+            &format!("[{}..{})", start_slot, end_slot),
+        )?;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Epoch Completed Percent:",
+            &format!(
+                "{:>3.3}%",
+                self.epoch_info.slot_index as f64 / self.epoch_info.slots_in_epoch as f64 * 100_f64
+            ),
+        )?;
+        let remaining_slots_in_epoch = self.epoch_info.slots_in_epoch - self.epoch_info.slot_index;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Epoch Completed Slots:",
+            &format!(
+                "{}/{} ({} remaining)",
+                self.epoch_info.slot_index,
+                self.epoch_info.slots_in_epoch,
+                remaining_slots_in_epoch
+            ),
+        )?;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Epoch Completed Time:",
+            &format!(
+                "{}/{} ({} remaining)",
+                slot_to_human_time(self.epoch_info.slot_index),
+                slot_to_human_time(self.epoch_info.slots_in_epoch),
+                slot_to_human_time(remaining_slots_in_epoch)
+            ),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+fn slot_to_human_time(slot: Slot) -> String {
+    humantime::format_duration(Duration::from_secs(
+        slot * clock::DEFAULT_TICKS_PER_SLOT / clock::DEFAULT_TICKS_PER_SECOND,
+    ))
+    .to_string()
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliValidators {
+    pub total_active_stake: u64,
+    pub total_current_stake: u64,
+    pub total_deliquent_stake: u64,
+    pub current_validators: Vec<CliValidator>,
+    pub delinquent_validators: Vec<CliValidator>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
+    pub use_lamports_unit: bool,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliValidators {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        fn write_vote_account(
+            f: &mut fmt::Formatter,
+            validator: &CliValidator,
+            total_active_stake: u64,
+            use_lamports_unit: bool,
+            delinquent: bool,
+        ) -> fmt::Result {
+            fn non_zero_or_dash(v: u64) -> String {
+                if v == 0 {
+                    "-".into()
+                } else {
+                    format!("{}", v)
+                }
+            }
+
+            writeln!(
+                f,
+                "{} {:<44}  {:<44}  {:>9}%   {:>8}  {:>10}  {:>7}  {}",
+                if delinquent {
+                    WARNING.to_string()
+                } else {
+                    " ".to_string()
+                },
+                validator.identity_pubkey,
+                validator.vote_account_pubkey,
+                validator.commission,
+                non_zero_or_dash(validator.last_vote),
+                non_zero_or_dash(validator.root_slot),
+                validator.credits,
+                if validator.activated_stake > 0 {
+                    format!(
+                        "{} ({:.2}%)",
+                        build_balance_message(validator.activated_stake, use_lamports_unit, true),
+                        100. * validator.activated_stake as f64 / total_active_stake as f64
+                    )
+                } else {
+                    "-".into()
+                },
+            )
+        }
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Active Stake:",
+            &build_balance_message(self.total_active_stake, self.use_lamports_unit, true),
+        )?;
+        if self.total_deliquent_stake > 0 {
+            writeln_name_value(
+                f,
+                "Current Stake:",
+                &format!(
+                    "{} ({:0.2}%)",
+                    &build_balance_message(self.total_current_stake, self.use_lamports_unit, true),
+                    100. * self.total_current_stake as f64 / self.total_active_stake as f64
+                ),
+            )?;
+            writeln_name_value(
+                f,
+                "Delinquent Stake:",
+                &format!(
+                    "{} ({:0.2}%)",
+                    &build_balance_message(
+                        self.total_deliquent_stake,
+                        self.use_lamports_unit,
+                        true
+                    ),
+                    100. * self.total_deliquent_stake as f64 / self.total_active_stake as f64
+                ),
+            )?;
+        }
+        writeln!(f)?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "{}",
+            style(format!(
+                "  {:<44}  {:<44}  {}  {}  {}  {:>7}  {}",
+                "Identity Pubkey",
+                "Vote Account Pubkey",
+                "Commission",
+                "Last Vote",
+                "Root Block",
+                "Credits",
+                "Active Stake",
+            ))
+            .bold()
+        )?;
+        for validator in &self.current_validators {
+            write_vote_account(
+                f,
+                validator,
+                self.total_active_stake,
+                self.use_lamports_unit,
+                false,
+            )?;
+        }
+        for validator in &self.delinquent_validators {
+            write_vote_account(
+                f,
+                validator,
+                self.total_active_stake,
+                self.use_lamports_unit,
+                true,
+            )?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliValidator {
+    pub identity_pubkey: String,
+    pub vote_account_pubkey: String,
+    pub commission: u8,
+    pub last_vote: u64,
+    pub root_slot: u64,
+    pub credits: u64,
+    pub activated_stake: u64,
+}
+
+impl CliValidator {
+    pub fn new(vote_account: &RpcVoteAccountInfo, current_epoch: Epoch) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            identity_pubkey: vote_account.node_pubkey.to_string(),
+            vote_account_pubkey: vote_account.vote_pubkey.to_string(),
+            commission: vote_account.commission,
+            last_vote: vote_account.last_vote,
+            root_slot: vote_account.root_slot,
+            credits: vote_account
+                .epoch_credits
+                .iter()
+                .find_map(|(epoch, credits, _)| {
+                    if *epoch == current_epoch {
+                        Some(*credits)
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
+                })
+                .unwrap_or(0),
+            activated_stake: vote_account.activated_stake,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliNonceAccount {
+    pub balance: u64,
+    pub minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption: u64,
+    pub nonce: Option<String>,
+    pub lamports_per_signature: Option<u64>,
+    pub authority: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
+    pub use_lamports_unit: bool,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliNonceAccount {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "Balance: {}",
+            build_balance_message(self.balance, self.use_lamports_unit, true)
+        )?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "Minimum Balance Required: {}",
+            build_balance_message(
+                self.minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption,
+                self.use_lamports_unit,
+                true
+            )
+        )?;
+        let nonce = self.nonce.as_deref().unwrap_or("uninitialized");
+        writeln!(f, "Nonce: {}", nonce)?;
+        if let Some(fees) = self.lamports_per_signature {
+            writeln!(f, "Fee: {} lamports per signature", fees)?;
+        } else {
+            writeln!(f, "Fees: uninitialized")?;
+        }
+        let authority = self.authority.as_deref().unwrap_or("uninitialized");
+        writeln!(f, "Authority: {}", authority)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CliStakeVec(Vec<CliKeyedStakeState>);
+
+impl CliStakeVec {
+    pub fn new(list: Vec<CliKeyedStakeState>) -> Self {
+        Self(list)
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliStakeVec {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        for state in &self.0 {
+            writeln!(f)?;
+            write!(f, "{}", state)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliKeyedStakeState {
+    pub stake_pubkey: String,
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    pub stake_state: CliStakeState,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliKeyedStakeState {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f, "Stake Pubkey: {}", self.stake_pubkey)?;
+        write!(f, "{}", self.stake_state)
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliStakeState {
+    pub stake_type: CliStakeType,
+    pub total_stake: u64,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub delegated_stake: Option<u64>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub delegated_vote_account_address: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub activation_epoch: Option<Epoch>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub deactivation_epoch: Option<Epoch>,
+    #[serde(flatten, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub authorized: Option<CliAuthorized>,
+    #[serde(flatten, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+    pub lockup: Option<CliLockup>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
+    pub use_lamports_unit: bool,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliStakeState {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        fn show_authorized(f: &mut fmt::Formatter, authorized: &CliAuthorized) -> fmt::Result {
+            writeln!(f, "Stake Authority: {}", authorized.staker)?;
+            writeln!(f, "Withdraw Authority: {}", authorized.withdrawer)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        fn show_lockup(f: &mut fmt::Formatter, lockup: &CliLockup) -> fmt::Result {
+            writeln!(
+                f,
+                "Lockup Timestamp: {} (UnixTimestamp: {})",
+                DateTime::<Utc>::from_utc(
+                    NaiveDateTime::from_timestamp(lockup.unix_timestamp, 0),
+                    Utc
+                )
+                .to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Secs, true),
+                lockup.unix_timestamp
+            )?;
+            writeln!(f, "Lockup Epoch: {}", lockup.epoch)?;
+            writeln!(f, "Lockup Custodian: {}", lockup.custodian)?;
+            Ok(())
+        }
+
+        match self.stake_type {
+            CliStakeType::RewardsPool => writeln!(f, "Stake account is a rewards pool")?,
+            CliStakeType::Uninitialized => writeln!(f, "Stake account is uninitialized")?,
+            CliStakeType::Initialized => {
+                writeln!(
+                    f,
+                    "Total Stake: {}",
+                    build_balance_message(self.total_stake, self.use_lamports_unit, true)
+                )?;
+                writeln!(f, "Stake account is undelegated")?;
+                show_authorized(f, self.authorized.as_ref().unwrap())?;
+                show_lockup(f, self.lockup.as_ref().unwrap())?;
+            }
+            CliStakeType::Stake => {
+                writeln!(
+                    f,
+                    "Total Stake: {}",
+                    build_balance_message(self.total_stake, self.use_lamports_unit, true)
+                )?;
+                writeln!(
+                    f,
+                    "Delegated Stake: {}",
+                    build_balance_message(
+                        self.delegated_stake.unwrap(),
+                        self.use_lamports_unit,
+                        true
+                    )
+                )?;
+                if let Some(delegated_vote_account_address) = &self.delegated_vote_account_address {
+                    writeln!(
+                        f,
+                        "Delegated Vote Account Address: {}",
+                        delegated_vote_account_address
+                    )?;
+                }
+                writeln!(
+                    f,
+                    "Stake activates starting from epoch: {}",
+                    self.activation_epoch.unwrap()
+                )?;
+                if let Some(deactivation_epoch) = self.deactivation_epoch {
+                    writeln!(
+                        f,
+                        "Stake deactivates starting from epoch: {}",
+                        deactivation_epoch
+                    )?;
+                }
+                show_authorized(f, self.authorized.as_ref().unwrap())?;
+                show_lockup(f, self.lockup.as_ref().unwrap())?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub enum CliStakeType {
+    Stake,
+    RewardsPool,
+    Uninitialized,
+    Initialized,
+}
+
+impl Default for CliStakeType {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::Uninitialized
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliStakeHistory {
+    pub entries: Vec<CliStakeHistoryEntry>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
+    pub use_lamports_unit: bool,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliStakeHistory {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f)?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "{}",
+            style(format!(
+                "  {:<5}  {:>20}  {:>20}  {:>20}",
+                "Epoch", "Effective Stake", "Activating Stake", "Deactivating Stake",
+            ))
+            .bold()
+        )?;
+        for entry in &self.entries {
+            writeln!(
+                f,
+                "  {:>5}  {:>20}  {:>20}  {:>20} {}",
+                entry.epoch,
+                build_balance_message(entry.effective_stake, self.use_lamports_unit, false),
+                build_balance_message(entry.activating_stake, self.use_lamports_unit, false),
+                build_balance_message(entry.deactivating_stake, self.use_lamports_unit, false),
+                if self.use_lamports_unit {
+                    "lamports"
+                } else {
+                    "SOL"
+                }
+            )?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<&(Epoch, StakeHistoryEntry)> for CliStakeHistoryEntry {
+    fn from((epoch, entry): &(Epoch, StakeHistoryEntry)) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            epoch: *epoch,
+            effective_stake: entry.effective,
+            activating_stake: entry.activating,
+            deactivating_stake: entry.deactivating,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliStakeHistoryEntry {
+    pub epoch: Epoch,
+    pub effective_stake: u64,
+    pub activating_stake: u64,
+    pub deactivating_stake: u64,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliAuthorized {
+    pub staker: String,
+    pub withdrawer: String,
+}
+
+impl From<&Authorized> for CliAuthorized {
+    fn from(authorized: &Authorized) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            staker: authorized.staker.to_string(),
+            withdrawer: authorized.withdrawer.to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliLockup {
+    pub unix_timestamp: UnixTimestamp,
+    pub epoch: Epoch,
+    pub custodian: String,
+}
+
+impl From<&Lockup> for CliLockup {
+    fn from(lockup: &Lockup) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            unix_timestamp: lockup.unix_timestamp,
+            epoch: lockup.epoch,
+            custodian: lockup.custodian.to_string(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CliValidatorInfoVec(Vec<CliValidatorInfo>);
+
+impl CliValidatorInfoVec {
+    pub fn new(list: Vec<CliValidatorInfo>) -> Self {
+        Self(list)
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliValidatorInfoVec {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        if self.0.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "No validator info accounts found")?;
+        }
+        for validator_info in &self.0 {
+            writeln!(f)?;
+            write!(f, "{}", validator_info)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliValidatorInfo {
+    pub identity_pubkey: String,
+    pub info_pubkey: String,
+    pub info: Map<String, Value>,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliValidatorInfo {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Validator Identity Pubkey:", &self.identity_pubkey)?;
+        writeln_name_value(f, "  Info Pubkey:", &self.info_pubkey)?;
+        for (key, value) in self.info.iter() {
+            writeln_name_value(
+                f,
+                &format!("  {}:", to_title_case(key)),
+                &value.as_str().unwrap_or("?"),
+            )?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliVoteAccount {
+    pub account_balance: u64,
+    pub validator_identity: String,
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    pub authorized_voters: CliAuthorizedVoters,
+    pub authorized_withdrawer: String,
+    pub credits: u64,
+    pub commission: u8,
+    pub root_slot: Option<Slot>,
+    pub recent_timestamp: BlockTimestamp,
+    pub votes: Vec<CliLockout>,
+    pub epoch_voting_history: Vec<CliEpochVotingHistory>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
+    pub use_lamports_unit: bool,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliVoteAccount {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "Account Balance: {}",
+            build_balance_message(self.account_balance, self.use_lamports_unit, true)
+        )?;
+        writeln!(f, "Validator Identity: {}", self.validator_identity)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Authorized Voters: {}", self.authorized_voters)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Authorized Withdrawer: {}", self.authorized_withdrawer)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Credits: {}", self.credits)?;
+        writeln!(f, "Commission: {}%", self.commission)?;
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "Root Slot: {}",
+            match self.root_slot {
+                Some(slot) => slot.to_string(),
+                None => "~".to_string(),
+            }
+        )?;
+        writeln!(f, "Recent Timestamp: {:?}", self.recent_timestamp)?;
+        if !self.votes.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "Recent Votes:")?;
+            for vote in &self.votes {
+                writeln!(
+                    f,
+                    "- slot: {}\n  confirmation count: {}",
+                    vote.slot, vote.confirmation_count
+                )?;
+            }
+            writeln!(f, "Epoch Voting History:")?;
+            for epoch_info in &self.epoch_voting_history {
+                writeln!(
+                    f,
+                    "- epoch: {}\n  slots in epoch: {}\n  credits earned: {}",
+                    epoch_info.epoch, epoch_info.slots_in_epoch, epoch_info.credits_earned,
+                )?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliAuthorizedVoters {
+    authorized_voters: BTreeMap<Epoch, String>,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliAuthorizedVoters {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        write!(f, "{:?}", self.authorized_voters)
+    }
+}
+
+impl From<&AuthorizedVoters> for CliAuthorizedVoters {
+    fn from(authorized_voters: &AuthorizedVoters) -> Self {
+        let mut voter_map: BTreeMap<Epoch, String> = BTreeMap::new();
+        for (epoch, voter) in authorized_voters.iter() {
+            voter_map.insert(*epoch, voter.to_string());
+        }
+        Self {
+            authorized_voters: voter_map,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliEpochVotingHistory {
+    pub epoch: Epoch,
+    pub slots_in_epoch: u64,
+    pub credits_earned: u64,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliLockout {
+    pub slot: Slot,
+    pub confirmation_count: u32,
+}
+
+impl From<&Lockout> for CliLockout {
+    fn from(lockout: &Lockout) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            slot: lockout.slot,
+            confirmation_count: lockout.confirmation_count,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliBlockTime {
+    pub slot: Slot,
+    pub timestamp: UnixTimestamp,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliBlockTime {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Block:", &self.slot.to_string())?;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Date:",
+            &format!(
+                "{} (UnixTimestamp: {})",
+                DateTime::<Utc>::from_utc(NaiveDateTime::from_timestamp(self.timestamp, 0), Utc)
+                    .to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Secs, true),
+                self.timestamp
+            ),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct CliSignOnlyData {
+    pub blockhash: String,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty", default)]
+    pub signers: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty", default)]
+    pub absent: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing_if = "Vec::is_empty", default)]
+    pub bad_sig: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliSignOnlyData {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f)?;
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Blockhash:", &self.blockhash)?;
+        if !self.signers.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "{}", style("Signers (Pubkey=Signature):").bold())?;
+            for signer in self.signers.iter() {
+                writeln!(f, " {}", signer)?;
+            }
+        }
+        if !self.absent.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "{}", style("Absent Signers (Pubkey):").bold())?;
+            for pubkey in self.absent.iter() {
+                writeln!(f, " {}", pubkey)?;
+            }
+        }
+        if !self.bad_sig.is_empty() {
+            writeln!(f, "{}", style("Bad Signatures (Pubkey):").bold())?;
+            for pubkey in self.bad_sig.iter() {
+                writeln!(f, " {}", pubkey)?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CliSignature {
+    pub signature: String,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliSignature {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(f)?;
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Signature:", &self.signature)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CliAccountBalances {
+    pub accounts: Vec<RpcAccountBalance>,
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliAccountBalances {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln!(
+            f,
+            "{}",
+            style(format!("{:<44}  {}", "Address", "Balance",)).bold()
+        )?;
+        for account in &self.accounts {
+            writeln!(
+                f,
+                "{:<44}  {}",
+                account.address,
+                &format!("{} SOL", lamports_to_sol(account.lamports))
+            )?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct CliSupply {
+    pub total: u64,
+    pub circulating: u64,
+    pub non_circulating: u64,
+    pub non_circulating_accounts: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(skip_serializing)]
+    pub print_accounts: bool,
+}
+
+impl From<RpcSupply> for CliSupply {
+    fn from(rpc_supply: RpcSupply) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            total: rpc_supply.total,
+            circulating: rpc_supply.circulating,
+            non_circulating: rpc_supply.non_circulating,
+            non_circulating_accounts: rpc_supply.non_circulating_accounts,
+            print_accounts: false,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl fmt::Display for CliSupply {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        writeln_name_value(f, "Total:", &format!("{} SOL", lamports_to_sol(self.total)))?;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Circulating:",
+            &format!("{} SOL", lamports_to_sol(self.circulating)),
+        )?;
+        writeln_name_value(
+            f,
+            "Non-Circulating:",
+            &format!("{} SOL", lamports_to_sol(self.non_circulating)),
+        )?;
+        if self.print_accounts {
+            writeln!(f)?;
+            writeln_name_value(f, "Non-Circulating Accounts:", " ")?;
+            for account in &self.non_circulating_accounts {
+                writeln!(f, "  {}", account)?;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
--- a/cli/src/cluster_query.rs
+++ b/cli/src/cluster_query.rs
--- a/cli/src/display.rs
+++ b/cli/src/display.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 use crate::cli::SettingType;
 use console::style;
-use solana_sdk::hash::Hash;
+use solana_sdk::{
+    hash::Hash, native_token::lamports_to_sol, program_utils::limited_deserialize,
+    transaction::Transaction,
+};
+use solana_transaction_status::RpcTransactionStatusMeta;
+use std::{fmt, io};

 // Pretty print a "name value"
 pub fn println_name_value(name: &str, value: &str) {
@@ -12,6 +17,15 @@ pub fn println_name_value(name: &str, value: &str) {
    println!("{} {}", style(name).bold(), styled_value);
 }

+pub fn writeln_name_value(f: &mut fmt::Formatter, name: &str, value: &str) -> fmt::Result {
+    let styled_value = if value == "" {
+        style("(not set)").italic()
+    } else {
+        style(value)
+    };
+    writeln!(f, "{} {}", style(name).bold(), styled_value)
+}
+
 pub fn println_name_value_or(name: &str, value: &str, setting_type: SettingType) {
    let description = match setting_type {
        SettingType::Explicit => "",
@@ -49,3 +63,140 @@ pub fn println_signers(
    }
    println!();
 }
+
+pub fn write_transaction<W: io::Write>(
+    w: &mut W,
+    transaction: &Transaction,
+    transaction_status: &Option<RpcTransactionStatusMeta>,
+    prefix: &str,
+) -> io::Result<()> {
+    let message = &transaction.message;
+    writeln!(
+        w,
+        "{}Recent Blockhash: {:?}",
+        prefix, message.recent_blockhash
+    )?;
+    for (signature_index, signature) in transaction.signatures.iter().enumerate() {
+        writeln!(
+            w,
+            "{}Signature {}: {:?}",
+            prefix, signature_index, signature
+        )?;
+    }
+    writeln!(w, "{}{:?}", prefix, message.header)?;
+    for (account_index, account) in message.account_keys.iter().enumerate() {
+        writeln!(w, "{}Account {}: {:?}", prefix, account_index, account)?;
+    }
+    for (instruction_index, instruction) in message.instructions.iter().enumerate() {
+        let program_pubkey = message.account_keys[instruction.program_id_index as usize];
+        writeln!(w, "{}Instruction {}", prefix, instruction_index)?;
+        writeln!(
+            w,
+            "{}  Program: {} ({})",
+            prefix, program_pubkey, instruction.program_id_index
+        )?;
+        for (account_index, account) in instruction.accounts.iter().enumerate() {
+            let account_pubkey = message.account_keys[*account as usize];
+            writeln!(
+                w,
+                "{}  Account {}: {} ({})",
+                prefix, account_index, account_pubkey, account
+            )?;
+        }
+
+        let mut raw = true;
+        if program_pubkey == solana_vote_program::id() {
+            if let Ok(vote_instruction) = limited_deserialize::<
+                solana_vote_program::vote_instruction::VoteInstruction,
+            >(&instruction.data)
+            {
+                writeln!(w, "{}  {:?}", prefix, vote_instruction)?;
+                raw = false;
+            }
+        } else if program_pubkey == solana_stake_program::id() {
+            if let Ok(stake_instruction) = limited_deserialize::<
+                solana_stake_program::stake_instruction::StakeInstruction,
+            >(&instruction.data)
+            {
+                writeln!(w, "{}  {:?}", prefix, stake_instruction)?;
+                raw = false;
+            }
+        } else if program_pubkey == solana_sdk::system_program::id() {
+            if let Ok(system_instruction) = limited_deserialize::<
+                solana_sdk::system_instruction::SystemInstruction,
+            >(&instruction.data)
+            {
+                writeln!(w, "{}  {:?}", prefix, system_instruction)?;
+                raw = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if raw {
+            writeln!(w, "{}  Data: {:?}", prefix, instruction.data)?;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if let Some(transaction_status) = transaction_status {
+        writeln!(
+            w,
+            "{}Status: {}",
+            prefix,
+            match &transaction_status.status {
+                Ok(_) => "Ok".into(),
+                Err(err) => err.to_string(),
+            }
+        )?;
+        writeln!(
+            w,
+            "{}  Fee: {} SOL",
+            prefix,
+            lamports_to_sol(transaction_status.fee)
+        )?;
+        assert_eq!(
+            transaction_status.pre_balances.len(),
+            transaction_status.post_balances.len()
+        );
+        for (i, (pre, post)) in transaction_status
+            .pre_balances
+            .iter()
+            .zip(transaction_status.post_balances.iter())
+            .enumerate()
+        {
+            if pre == post {
+                writeln!(
+                    w,
+                    "{}  Account {} balance: {} SOL",
+                    prefix,
+                    i,
+                    lamports_to_sol(*pre)
+                )?;
+            } else {
+                writeln!(
+                    w,
+                    "{}  Account {} balance: {} SOL -> {} SOL",
+                    prefix,
+                    i,
+                    lamports_to_sol(*pre),
+                    lamports_to_sol(*post)
+                )?;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        writeln!(w, "{}Status: Unavailable", prefix)?;
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub fn println_transaction(
+    transaction: &Transaction,
+    transaction_status: &Option<RpcTransactionStatusMeta>,
+    prefix: &str,
+) {
+    let mut w = Vec::new();
+    if write_transaction(&mut w, transaction, transaction_status, prefix).is_ok() {
+        if let Ok(s) = String::from_utf8(w) {
+            print!("{}", s);
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/cli/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cli/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate serde_derive;
+
 pub mod cli;
+pub mod cli_output;
 pub mod cluster_query;
 pub mod display;
 pub mod nonce;
--- a/cli/src/main.rs
+++ b/cli/src/main.rs
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ use clap::{crate_description, crate_name, AppSettings, Arg, ArgGroup, ArgMatches
 use console::style;

 use solana_clap_utils::{
-    input_validators::is_url, keypair::SKIP_SEED_PHRASE_VALIDATION_ARG, offline::SIGN_ONLY_ARG,
-    DisplayError,
+    input_validators::is_url, keypair::SKIP_SEED_PHRASE_VALIDATION_ARG, DisplayError,
 };
 use solana_cli::{
    cli::{app, parse_command, process_command, CliCommandInfo, CliConfig, CliSigners},
+    cli_output::OutputFormat,
    display::{println_name_value, println_name_value_or},
 };
 use solana_cli_config::{Config, CONFIG_FILE};
-use solana_remote_wallet::remote_wallet::{maybe_wallet_manager, RemoteWalletManager};
+use solana_remote_wallet::remote_wallet::RemoteWalletManager;
 use std::{error, sync::Arc};

 fn parse_settings(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>) -> Result<bool, Box<dyn error::Error>> {
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ fn parse_settings(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>) -> Result<bool, Box<dyn error::Error

 pub fn parse_args<'a>(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
-    wallet_manager: Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    mut wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<(CliConfig<'a>, CliSigners), Box<dyn error::Error>> {
    let config = if let Some(config_file) = matches.value_of("config_file") {
        Config::load(config_file).unwrap_or_default()
@@ -125,7 +125,16 @@ pub fn parse_args<'a>(
    );

    let CliCommandInfo { command, signers } =
-        parse_command(&matches, &default_signer_path, wallet_manager.as_ref())?;
+        parse_command(&matches, &default_signer_path, &mut wallet_manager)?;
+
+    let output_format = matches
+        .value_of("output_format")
+        .map(|value| match value {
+            "json" => OutputFormat::Json,
+            "json-compact" => OutputFormat::JsonCompact,
+            _ => unreachable!(),
+        })
+        .unwrap_or(OutputFormat::Display);

    Ok((
        CliConfig {
@@ -136,6 +145,7 @@ pub fn parse_args<'a>(
            keypair_path: default_signer_path,
            rpc_client: None,
            verbose: matches.is_present("verbose"),
+            output_format,
        },
        signers,
    ))
@@ -197,6 +207,14 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn error::Error>> {
            .global(true)
            .help("Show additional information"),
    )
+    .arg(
+        Arg::with_name("output_format")
+            .long("output")
+            .global(true)
+            .takes_value(true)
+            .possible_values(&["json", "json-compact"])
+            .help("Return information in specified output format. Supports: json, json-compact"),
+    )
    .arg(
        Arg::with_name(SKIP_SEED_PHRASE_VALIDATION_ARG.name)
            .long(SKIP_SEED_PHRASE_VALIDATION_ARG.long)
@@ -238,18 +256,12 @@ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn error::Error>> {

 fn do_main(matches: &ArgMatches<'_>) -> Result<(), Box<dyn error::Error>> {
    if parse_settings(&matches)? {
-        let wallet_manager = maybe_wallet_manager()?;
+        let mut wallet_manager = None;

-        let (mut config, signers) = parse_args(&matches, wallet_manager)?;
+        let (mut config, signers) = parse_args(&matches, &mut wallet_manager)?;
        config.signers = signers.iter().map(|s| s.as_ref()).collect();
        let result = process_command(&config)?;
-        let (_, submatches) = matches.subcommand();
-        let sign_only = submatches
-            .map(|m| m.is_present(SIGN_ONLY_ARG.name))
-            .unwrap_or(false);
-        if !sign_only {
-            println!("{}", result);
-        }
+        println!("{}", result);
    };
    Ok(())
 }
--- a/cli/src/nonce.rs
+++ b/cli/src/nonce.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
-use crate::cli::{
-    build_balance_message, check_account_for_fee, check_unique_pubkeys, generate_unique_signers,
-    log_instruction_custom_error, CliCommand, CliCommandInfo, CliConfig, CliError, ProcessResult,
-    SignerIndex,
+use crate::{
+    cli::{
+        check_account_for_fee, check_unique_pubkeys, generate_unique_signers,
+        log_instruction_custom_error, CliCommand, CliCommandInfo, CliConfig, CliError,
+        ProcessResult, SignerIndex,
+    },
+    cli_output::CliNonceAccount,
 };
 use clap::{App, Arg, ArgMatches, SubCommand};
 use solana_clap_utils::{
@@ -21,9 +24,8 @@ use solana_sdk::{
    },
    pubkey::Pubkey,
    system_instruction::{
-        advance_nonce_account, authorize_nonce_account, create_address_with_seed,
-        create_nonce_account, create_nonce_account_with_seed, withdraw_nonce_account, NonceError,
-        SystemError,
+        advance_nonce_account, authorize_nonce_account, create_nonce_account,
+        create_nonce_account_with_seed, withdraw_nonce_account, NonceError, SystemError,
    },
    system_program,
    transaction::Transaction,
@@ -277,7 +279,7 @@ pub fn data_from_state(state: &State) -> Result<&Data, CliNonceError> {
 pub fn parse_authorize_nonce_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let nonce_account = pubkey_of_signer(matches, "nonce_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
    let new_authority = pubkey_of_signer(matches, "new_authority", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -305,7 +307,7 @@ pub fn parse_authorize_nonce_account(
 pub fn parse_nonce_create_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let (nonce_account, nonce_account_pubkey) =
        signer_of(matches, "nonce_account_keypair", wallet_manager)?;
@@ -334,7 +336,7 @@ pub fn parse_nonce_create_account(

 pub fn parse_get_nonce(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let nonce_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "nonce_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -348,7 +350,7 @@ pub fn parse_get_nonce(
 pub fn parse_new_nonce(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let nonce_account = pubkey_of_signer(matches, "nonce_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
    let (nonce_authority, nonce_authority_pubkey) =
@@ -373,7 +375,7 @@ pub fn parse_new_nonce(

 pub fn parse_show_nonce_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let nonce_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "nonce_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -391,7 +393,7 @@ pub fn parse_show_nonce_account(
 pub fn parse_withdraw_from_nonce_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let nonce_account = pubkey_of_signer(matches, "nonce_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
    let destination_account_pubkey =
@@ -460,8 +462,8 @@ pub fn process_authorize_nonce_account(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<NonceError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<NonceError>(result, &config)
 }

 pub fn process_create_nonce_account(
@@ -474,7 +476,7 @@ pub fn process_create_nonce_account(
 ) -> ProcessResult {
    let nonce_account_pubkey = config.signers[nonce_account].pubkey();
    let nonce_account_address = if let Some(seed) = seed.clone() {
-        create_address_with_seed(&nonce_account_pubkey, &seed, &system_program::id())?
+        Pubkey::create_with_seed(&nonce_account_pubkey, &seed, &system_program::id())?
    } else {
        nonce_account_pubkey
    };
@@ -537,8 +539,8 @@ pub fn process_create_nonce_account(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result, &config)
 }

 pub fn process_get_nonce(rpc_client: &RpcClient, nonce_account_pubkey: &Pubkey) -> ProcessResult {
@@ -578,46 +580,32 @@ pub fn process_new_nonce(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let result = rpc_client
-        .send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &[config.signers[0], nonce_authority]);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result, &config)
 }

 pub fn process_show_nonce_account(
    rpc_client: &RpcClient,
+    config: &CliConfig,
    nonce_account_pubkey: &Pubkey,
    use_lamports_unit: bool,
 ) -> ProcessResult {
    let nonce_account = get_account(rpc_client, nonce_account_pubkey)?;
    let print_account = |data: Option<&nonce::state::Data>| {
-        println!(
-            "Balance: {}",
-            build_balance_message(nonce_account.lamports, use_lamports_unit, true)
-        );
-        println!(
-            "Minimum Balance Required: {}",
-            build_balance_message(
-                rpc_client.get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(State::size())?,
-                use_lamports_unit,
-                true
-            )
-        );
-        match data {
-            Some(ref data) => {
-                println!("Nonce: {}", data.blockhash);
-                println!(
-                    "Fee: {} lamports per signature",
-                    data.fee_calculator.lamports_per_signature
-                );
-                println!("Authority: {}", data.authority);
-            }
-            None => {
-                println!("Nonce: uninitialized");
-                println!("Fees: uninitialized");
-                println!("Authority: uninitialized");
-            }
+        let mut nonce_account = CliNonceAccount {
+            balance: nonce_account.lamports,
+            minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption: rpc_client
+                .get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption(State::size())?,
+            use_lamports_unit,
+            ..CliNonceAccount::default()
+        };
+        if let Some(ref data) = data {
+            nonce_account.nonce = Some(data.blockhash.to_string());
+            nonce_account.lamports_per_signature = Some(data.fee_calculator.lamports_per_signature);
+            nonce_account.authority = Some(data.authority.to_string());
        }
-        Ok("".to_string())
+
+        Ok(config.output_format.formatted_string(&nonce_account))
    };
    match state_from_account(&nonce_account)? {
        State::Uninitialized => print_account(None),
@@ -651,8 +639,8 @@ pub fn process_withdraw_from_nonce_account(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<NonceError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<NonceError>(result, &config)
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -698,7 +686,12 @@ mod tests {
            &Pubkey::default().to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize_nonce_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(
+                &test_authorize_nonce_account,
+                &default_keypair_file,
+                &mut None
+            )
+            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::AuthorizeNonceAccount {
                    nonce_account: nonce_account_pubkey,
@@ -719,7 +712,12 @@ mod tests {
            &authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize_nonce_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(
+                &test_authorize_nonce_account,
+                &default_keypair_file,
+                &mut None
+            )
+            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::AuthorizeNonceAccount {
                    nonce_account: read_keypair_file(&keypair_file).unwrap().pubkey(),
@@ -741,7 +739,7 @@ mod tests {
            "50",
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_nonce_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_create_nonce_account, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateNonceAccount {
                    nonce_account: 1,
@@ -766,7 +764,7 @@ mod tests {
            &authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_nonce_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_create_nonce_account, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateNonceAccount {
                    nonce_account: 1,
@@ -788,7 +786,7 @@ mod tests {
            &nonce_account_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_get_nonce, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_get_nonce, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::GetNonce(nonce_account_keypair.pubkey()),
                signers: vec![],
@@ -802,7 +800,7 @@ mod tests {
                .get_matches_from(vec!["test", "new-nonce", &keypair_file]);
        let nonce_account = read_keypair_file(&keypair_file).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_new_nonce, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_new_nonce, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::NewNonce {
                    nonce_account: nonce_account.pubkey(),
@@ -822,7 +820,7 @@ mod tests {
        ]);
        let nonce_account = read_keypair_file(&keypair_file).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_new_nonce, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_new_nonce, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::NewNonce {
                    nonce_account: nonce_account.pubkey(),
@@ -842,7 +840,7 @@ mod tests {
            &nonce_account_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_show_nonce_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_show_nonce_account, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::ShowNonceAccount {
                    nonce_account_pubkey: nonce_account_keypair.pubkey(),
@@ -864,7 +862,7 @@ mod tests {
            parse_command(
                &test_withdraw_from_nonce_account,
                &default_keypair_file,
-                None
+                &mut None
            )
            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
@@ -892,7 +890,7 @@ mod tests {
            parse_command(
                &test_withdraw_from_nonce_account,
                &default_keypair_file,
-                None
+                &mut None
            )
            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
--- a/cli/src/offline/mod.rs
+++ b/cli/src/offline/mod.rs
@@ -79,32 +79,47 @@ pub fn parse_sign_only_reply_string(reply: &str) -> SignOnly {
    let object: Value = serde_json::from_str(&reply).unwrap();
    let blockhash_str = object.get("blockhash").unwrap().as_str().unwrap();
    let blockhash = blockhash_str.parse::<Hash>().unwrap();
-    let signer_strings = object.get("signers").unwrap().as_array().unwrap();
-    let present_signers = signer_strings
-        .iter()
-        .map(|signer_string| {
-            let mut signer = signer_string.as_str().unwrap().split('=');
-            let key = Pubkey::from_str(signer.next().unwrap()).unwrap();
-            let sig = Signature::from_str(signer.next().unwrap()).unwrap();
-            (key, sig)
-        })
-        .collect();
-    let signer_strings = object.get("absent").unwrap().as_array().unwrap();
-    let absent_signers = signer_strings
-        .iter()
-        .map(|val| {
-            let s = val.as_str().unwrap();
-            Pubkey::from_str(s).unwrap()
-        })
-        .collect();
-    let signer_strings = object.get("badSig").unwrap().as_array().unwrap();
-    let bad_signers = signer_strings
-        .iter()
-        .map(|val| {
-            let s = val.as_str().unwrap();
-            Pubkey::from_str(s).unwrap()
-        })
-        .collect();
+    let mut present_signers: Vec<(Pubkey, Signature)> = Vec::new();
+    let signer_strings = object.get("signers");
+    if let Some(sig_strings) = signer_strings {
+        present_signers = sig_strings
+            .as_array()
+            .unwrap()
+            .iter()
+            .map(|signer_string| {
+                let mut signer = signer_string.as_str().unwrap().split('=');
+                let key = Pubkey::from_str(signer.next().unwrap()).unwrap();
+                let sig = Signature::from_str(signer.next().unwrap()).unwrap();
+                (key, sig)
+            })
+            .collect();
+    }
+    let mut absent_signers: Vec<Pubkey> = Vec::new();
+    let signer_strings = object.get("absent");
+    if let Some(sig_strings) = signer_strings {
+        absent_signers = sig_strings
+            .as_array()
+            .unwrap()
+            .iter()
+            .map(|val| {
+                let s = val.as_str().unwrap();
+                Pubkey::from_str(s).unwrap()
+            })
+            .collect();
+    }
+    let mut bad_signers: Vec<Pubkey> = Vec::new();
+    let signer_strings = object.get("badSig");
+    if let Some(sig_strings) = signer_strings {
+        bad_signers = sig_strings
+            .as_array()
+            .unwrap()
+            .iter()
+            .map(|val| {
+                let s = val.as_str().unwrap();
+                Pubkey::from_str(s).unwrap()
+            })
+            .collect();
+    }
    SignOnly {
        blockhash,
        present_signers,
--- a/cli/src/stake.rs
+++ b/cli/src/stake.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 use crate::{
    cli::{
-        build_balance_message, check_account_for_fee, check_unique_pubkeys, fee_payer_arg,
-        generate_unique_signers, log_instruction_custom_error, nonce_authority_arg, return_signers,
-        CliCommand, CliCommandInfo, CliConfig, CliError, ProcessResult, SignerIndex, FEE_PAYER_ARG,
+        check_account_for_fee, check_unique_pubkeys, fee_payer_arg, generate_unique_signers,
+        log_instruction_custom_error, nonce_authority_arg, return_signers, CliCommand,
+        CliCommandInfo, CliConfig, CliError, ProcessResult, SignerIndex, FEE_PAYER_ARG,
    },
+    cli_output::{CliStakeHistory, CliStakeHistoryEntry, CliStakeState, CliStakeType},
    nonce::{check_nonce_account, nonce_arg, NONCE_ARG, NONCE_AUTHORITY_ARG},
    offline::{blockhash_query::BlockhashQuery, *},
 };
-use chrono::{DateTime, NaiveDateTime, SecondsFormat, Utc};
 use clap::{App, Arg, ArgGroup, ArgMatches, SubCommand};
-use console::style;
 use solana_clap_utils::{input_parsers::*, input_validators::*, offline::*, ArgConstant};
 use solana_client::rpc_client::RpcClient;
 use solana_remote_wallet::remote_wallet::RemoteWalletManager;
@@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ use solana_sdk::{
    account_utils::StateMut,
    message::Message,
    pubkey::Pubkey,
-    system_instruction::{create_address_with_seed, SystemError},
+    system_instruction::SystemError,
    sysvar::{
        stake_history::{self, StakeHistory},
        Sysvar,
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ impl StakeSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
                        .takes_value(true)
                        .validator(is_amount)
                        .required(true)
-                        .help("The amount of send to the vote account, in SOL")
+                        .help("The amount to send to the stake account, in SOL")
                )
                .arg(
                    Arg::with_name("custodian")
@@ -314,6 +313,14 @@ impl StakeSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
                .arg(nonce_arg())
                .arg(nonce_authority_arg())
                .arg(fee_payer_arg())
+                .arg(
+                    Arg::with_name("custodian")
+                        .long("custodian")
+                        .takes_value(true)
+                        .value_name("KEYPAIR")
+                        .validator(is_valid_signer)
+                        .help("Authority to override account lockup")
+                )
        )
        .subcommand(
            SubCommand::with_name("stake-set-lockup")
@@ -403,7 +410,7 @@ impl StakeSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
 pub fn parse_stake_create_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let seed = matches.value_of("seed").map(|s| s.to_string());
    let epoch = value_of(matches, "lockup_epoch").unwrap_or(0);
@@ -455,7 +462,7 @@ pub fn parse_stake_create_account(
 pub fn parse_stake_delegate_stake(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let stake_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "stake_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -497,7 +504,7 @@ pub fn parse_stake_delegate_stake(
 pub fn parse_stake_authorize(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let stake_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "stake_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -580,7 +587,7 @@ pub fn parse_stake_authorize(
 pub fn parse_split_stake(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let stake_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "stake_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -625,7 +632,7 @@ pub fn parse_split_stake(
 pub fn parse_stake_deactivate_stake(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let stake_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "stake_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -662,7 +669,7 @@ pub fn parse_stake_deactivate_stake(
 pub fn parse_stake_withdraw_stake(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let stake_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "stake_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -677,11 +684,15 @@ pub fn parse_stake_withdraw_stake(
    let (nonce_authority, nonce_authority_pubkey) =
        signer_of(matches, NONCE_AUTHORITY_ARG.name, wallet_manager)?;
    let (fee_payer, fee_payer_pubkey) = signer_of(matches, FEE_PAYER_ARG.name, wallet_manager)?;
+    let (custodian, custodian_pubkey) = signer_of(matches, "custodian", wallet_manager)?;

    let mut bulk_signers = vec![withdraw_authority, fee_payer];
    if nonce_account.is_some() {
        bulk_signers.push(nonce_authority);
    }
+    if custodian.is_some() {
+        bulk_signers.push(custodian);
+    }
    let signer_info =
        generate_unique_signers(bulk_signers, matches, default_signer_path, wallet_manager)?;

@@ -696,6 +707,7 @@ pub fn parse_stake_withdraw_stake(
            nonce_account,
            nonce_authority: signer_info.index_of(nonce_authority_pubkey).unwrap(),
            fee_payer: signer_info.index_of(fee_payer_pubkey).unwrap(),
+            custodian: custodian_pubkey.and_then(|_| signer_info.index_of(custodian_pubkey)),
        },
        signers: signer_info.signers,
    })
@@ -704,7 +716,7 @@ pub fn parse_stake_withdraw_stake(
 pub fn parse_stake_set_lockup(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let stake_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "stake_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -749,7 +761,7 @@ pub fn parse_stake_set_lockup(

 pub fn parse_show_stake_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let stake_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "stake_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -790,7 +802,7 @@ pub fn process_create_stake_account(
 ) -> ProcessResult {
    let stake_account = config.signers[stake_account];
    let stake_account_address = if let Some(seed) = seed {
-        create_address_with_seed(&stake_account.pubkey(), &seed, &solana_stake_program::id())?
+        Pubkey::create_with_seed(&stake_account.pubkey(), &seed, &solana_stake_program::id())?
    } else {
        stake_account.pubkey()
    };
@@ -869,7 +881,7 @@ pub fn process_create_stake_account(

    if sign_only {
        tx.try_partial_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
-        return_signers(&tx)
+        return_signers(&tx, &config)
    } else {
        tx.try_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
        if let Some(nonce_account) = &nonce_account {
@@ -882,8 +894,8 @@ pub fn process_create_stake_account(
            &fee_calculator,
            &tx.message,
        )?;
-        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-        log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result)
+        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+        log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result, &config)
    }
 }

@@ -934,7 +946,7 @@ pub fn process_stake_authorize(

    if sign_only {
        tx.try_partial_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
-        return_signers(&tx)
+        return_signers(&tx, &config)
    } else {
        tx.try_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
        if let Some(nonce_account) = &nonce_account {
@@ -947,8 +959,8 @@ pub fn process_stake_authorize(
            &fee_calculator,
            &tx.message,
        )?;
-        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result)
+        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result, &config)
    }
 }

@@ -988,7 +1000,7 @@ pub fn process_deactivate_stake_account(

    if sign_only {
        tx.try_partial_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
-        return_signers(&tx)
+        return_signers(&tx, &config)
    } else {
        tx.try_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
        if let Some(nonce_account) = &nonce_account {
@@ -1001,8 +1013,8 @@ pub fn process_deactivate_stake_account(
            &fee_calculator,
            &tx.message,
        )?;
-        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result)
+        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result, &config)
    }
 }

@@ -1014,6 +1026,7 @@ pub fn process_withdraw_stake(
    destination_account_pubkey: &Pubkey,
    lamports: u64,
    withdraw_authority: SignerIndex,
+    custodian: Option<SignerIndex>,
    sign_only: bool,
    blockhash_query: &BlockhashQuery,
    nonce_account: Option<&Pubkey>,
@@ -1023,12 +1036,14 @@ pub fn process_withdraw_stake(
    let (recent_blockhash, fee_calculator) =
        blockhash_query.get_blockhash_and_fee_calculator(rpc_client)?;
    let withdraw_authority = config.signers[withdraw_authority];
+    let custodian = custodian.map(|index| config.signers[index]);

    let ixs = vec![stake_instruction::withdraw(
        stake_account_pubkey,
        &withdraw_authority.pubkey(),
        destination_account_pubkey,
        lamports,
+        custodian.map(|signer| signer.pubkey()).as_ref(),
    )];

    let fee_payer = config.signers[fee_payer];
@@ -1048,7 +1063,7 @@ pub fn process_withdraw_stake(

    if sign_only {
        tx.try_partial_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
-        return_signers(&tx)
+        return_signers(&tx, &config)
    } else {
        tx.try_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
        if let Some(nonce_account) = &nonce_account {
@@ -1061,8 +1076,8 @@ pub fn process_withdraw_stake(
            &fee_calculator,
            &tx.message,
        )?;
-        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-        log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result)
+        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+        log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result, &config)
    }
 }

@@ -1108,7 +1123,7 @@ pub fn process_split_stake(
    let stake_authority = config.signers[stake_authority];

    let split_stake_account_address = if let Some(seed) = split_stake_account_seed {
-        create_address_with_seed(
+        Pubkey::create_with_seed(
            &split_stake_account.pubkey(),
            &seed,
            &solana_stake_program::id(),
@@ -1182,7 +1197,7 @@ pub fn process_split_stake(

    if sign_only {
        tx.try_partial_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
-        return_signers(&tx)
+        return_signers(&tx, &config)
    } else {
        tx.try_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
        if let Some(nonce_account) = &nonce_account {
@@ -1195,8 +1210,8 @@ pub fn process_split_stake(
            &fee_calculator,
            &tx.message,
        )?;
-        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result)
+        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result, &config)
    }
 }

@@ -1239,7 +1254,7 @@ pub fn process_stake_set_lockup(

    if sign_only {
        tx.try_partial_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
-        return_signers(&tx)
+        return_signers(&tx, &config)
    } else {
        tx.try_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
        if let Some(nonce_account) = &nonce_account {
@@ -1252,84 +1267,66 @@ pub fn process_stake_set_lockup(
            &fee_calculator,
            &tx.message,
        )?;
-        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result)
+        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result, &config)
    }
 }

-pub fn print_stake_state(stake_lamports: u64, stake_state: &StakeState, use_lamports_unit: bool) {
-    fn show_authorized(authorized: &Authorized) {
-        println!("Stake Authority: {}", authorized.staker);
-        println!("Withdraw Authority: {}", authorized.withdrawer);
-    }
-    fn show_lockup(lockup: &Lockup) {
-        println!(
-            "Lockup Timestamp: {} (UnixTimestamp: {})",
-            DateTime::<Utc>::from_utc(NaiveDateTime::from_timestamp(lockup.unix_timestamp, 0), Utc)
-                .to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Secs, true),
-            lockup.unix_timestamp
-        );
-        println!("Lockup Epoch: {}", lockup.epoch);
-        println!("Lockup Custodian: {}", lockup.custodian);
-    }
+pub fn build_stake_state(
+    stake_lamports: u64,
+    stake_state: &StakeState,
+    use_lamports_unit: bool,
+) -> CliStakeState {
    match stake_state {
        StakeState::Stake(
            Meta {
                authorized, lockup, ..
            },
            stake,
-        ) => {
-            println!(
-                "Total Stake: {}",
-                build_balance_message(stake_lamports, use_lamports_unit, true)
-            );
-            println!("Credits Observed: {}", stake.credits_observed);
-            println!(
-                "Delegated Stake: {}",
-                build_balance_message(stake.delegation.stake, use_lamports_unit, true)
-            );
-            if stake.delegation.voter_pubkey != Pubkey::default() {
-                println!(
-                    "Delegated Vote Account Address: {}",
-                    stake.delegation.voter_pubkey
-                );
-            }
-            println!(
-                "Stake activates starting from epoch: {}",
-                if stake.delegation.activation_epoch < std::u64::MAX {
-                    stake.delegation.activation_epoch
-                } else {
-                    0
-                }
-            );
-            if stake.delegation.deactivation_epoch < std::u64::MAX {
-                println!(
-                    "Stake deactivates starting from epoch: {}",
-                    stake.delegation.deactivation_epoch
-                );
-            }
-            show_authorized(&authorized);
-            show_lockup(&lockup);
-        }
-        StakeState::RewardsPool => println!("Stake account is a rewards pool"),
-        StakeState::Uninitialized => println!("Stake account is uninitialized"),
+        ) => CliStakeState {
+            stake_type: CliStakeType::Stake,
+            total_stake: stake_lamports,
+            delegated_stake: Some(stake.delegation.stake),
+            delegated_vote_account_address: if stake.delegation.voter_pubkey != Pubkey::default() {
+                Some(stake.delegation.voter_pubkey.to_string())
+            } else {
+                None
+            },
+            activation_epoch: Some(if stake.delegation.activation_epoch < std::u64::MAX {
+                stake.delegation.activation_epoch
+            } else {
+                0
+            }),
+            deactivation_epoch: if stake.delegation.deactivation_epoch < std::u64::MAX {
+                Some(stake.delegation.deactivation_epoch)
+            } else {
+                None
+            },
+            authorized: Some(authorized.into()),
+            lockup: Some(lockup.into()),
+            use_lamports_unit,
+        },
+        StakeState::RewardsPool => CliStakeState {
+            stake_type: CliStakeType::RewardsPool,
+            ..CliStakeState::default()
+        },
+        StakeState::Uninitialized => CliStakeState::default(),
        StakeState::Initialized(Meta {
            authorized, lockup, ..
-        }) => {
-            println!(
-                "Total Stake: {}",
-                build_balance_message(stake_lamports, use_lamports_unit, true)
-            );
-            println!("Stake account is undelegated");
-            show_authorized(&authorized);
-            show_lockup(&lockup);
-        }
+        }) => CliStakeState {
+            stake_type: CliStakeType::Initialized,
+            total_stake: stake_lamports,
+            authorized: Some(authorized.into()),
+            lockup: Some(lockup.into()),
+            use_lamports_unit,
+            ..CliStakeState::default()
+        },
    }
 }

 pub fn process_show_stake_account(
    rpc_client: &RpcClient,
-    _config: &CliConfig,
+    config: &CliConfig,
    stake_account_pubkey: &Pubkey,
    use_lamports_unit: bool,
 ) -> ProcessResult {
@@ -1343,8 +1340,8 @@ pub fn process_show_stake_account(
    }
    match stake_account.state() {
        Ok(stake_state) => {
-            print_stake_state(stake_account.lamports, &stake_state, use_lamports_unit);
-            Ok("".to_string())
+            let state = build_stake_state(stake_account.lamports, &stake_state, use_lamports_unit);
+            Ok(config.output_format.formatted_string(&state))
        }
        Err(err) => Err(CliError::RpcRequestError(format!(
            "Account data could not be deserialized to stake state: {}",
@@ -1356,7 +1353,7 @@ pub fn process_show_stake_account(

 pub fn process_show_stake_history(
    rpc_client: &RpcClient,
-    _config: &CliConfig,
+    config: &CliConfig,
    use_lamports_unit: bool,
 ) -> ProcessResult {
    let stake_history_account = rpc_client.get_account(&stake_history::id())?;
@@ -1364,27 +1361,15 @@ pub fn process_show_stake_history(
        CliError::RpcRequestError("Failed to deserialize stake history".to_string())
    })?;

-    println!();
-    println!(
-        "{}",
-        style(format!(
-            "  {:<5}  {:>20}  {:>20}  {:>20}",
-            "Epoch", "Effective Stake", "Activating Stake", "Deactivating Stake",
-        ))
-        .bold()
-    );
-
-    for (epoch, entry) in stake_history.deref() {
-        println!(
-            "  {:>5}  {:>20}  {:>20}  {:>20} {}",
-            epoch,
-            build_balance_message(entry.effective, use_lamports_unit, false),
-            build_balance_message(entry.activating, use_lamports_unit, false),
-            build_balance_message(entry.deactivating, use_lamports_unit, false),
-            if use_lamports_unit { "lamports" } else { "SOL" }
-        );
+    let mut entries: Vec<CliStakeHistoryEntry> = vec![];
+    for entry in stake_history.deref() {
+        entries.push(entry.into());
    }
-    Ok("".to_string())
+    let stake_history_output = CliStakeHistory {
+        entries,
+        use_lamports_unit,
+    };
+    Ok(config.output_format.formatted_string(&stake_history_output))
 }

 #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
@@ -1477,7 +1462,7 @@ pub fn process_delegate_stake(

    if sign_only {
        tx.try_partial_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
-        return_signers(&tx)
+        return_signers(&tx, &config)
    } else {
        tx.try_sign(&config.signers, recent_blockhash)?;
        if let Some(nonce_account) = &nonce_account {
@@ -1490,8 +1475,8 @@ pub fn process_delegate_stake(
            &fee_calculator,
            &tx.message,
        )?;
-        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result)
+        let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+        log_instruction_custom_error::<StakeError>(result, &config)
    }
 }

@@ -1525,6 +1510,9 @@ mod tests {
        let (stake_authority_keypair_file, mut tmp_file) = make_tmp_file();
        let stake_authority_keypair = Keypair::new();
        write_keypair(&stake_authority_keypair, tmp_file.as_file_mut()).unwrap();
+        let (custodian_keypair_file, mut tmp_file) = make_tmp_file();
+        let custodian_keypair = Keypair::new();
+        write_keypair(&custodian_keypair, tmp_file.as_file_mut()).unwrap();

        // stake-authorize subcommand
        let stake_account_string = stake_account_pubkey.to_string();
@@ -1542,7 +1530,7 @@ mod tests {
            &new_withdraw_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1576,7 +1564,7 @@ mod tests {
            &withdraw_authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1614,7 +1602,7 @@ mod tests {
            &withdraw_authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1644,7 +1632,7 @@ mod tests {
            &new_stake_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1668,7 +1656,7 @@ mod tests {
            &stake_authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1698,7 +1686,7 @@ mod tests {
            &withdraw_authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1725,7 +1713,7 @@ mod tests {
            &new_withdraw_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1753,7 +1741,7 @@ mod tests {
            &withdraw_authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_stake_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1791,7 +1779,7 @@ mod tests {
            "--sign-only",
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1824,7 +1812,7 @@ mod tests {
            &pubkey.to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1870,7 +1858,7 @@ mod tests {
            &pubkey2.to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1902,7 +1890,7 @@ mod tests {
            &blockhash_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1939,7 +1927,7 @@ mod tests {
            &nonce_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -1975,7 +1963,7 @@ mod tests {
            &fee_payer_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2009,7 +1997,7 @@ mod tests {
            &signer,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_authorize, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::StakeAuthorize {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2050,7 +2038,7 @@ mod tests {
            "43",
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_stake_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_create_stake_account, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateStakeAccount {
                    stake_account: 1,
@@ -2091,7 +2079,12 @@ mod tests {
        ]);

        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_stake_account2, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(
+                &test_create_stake_account2,
+                &default_keypair_file,
+                &mut None
+            )
+            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateStakeAccount {
                    stake_account: 1,
@@ -2144,7 +2137,12 @@ mod tests {
        ]);

        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_stake_account2, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(
+                &test_create_stake_account2,
+                &default_keypair_file,
+                &mut None
+            )
+            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateStakeAccount {
                    stake_account: 1,
@@ -2180,7 +2178,7 @@ mod tests {
            &vote_account_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DelegateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2209,7 +2207,7 @@ mod tests {
            &stake_authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DelegateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2240,7 +2238,7 @@ mod tests {
            &vote_account_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DelegateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2269,7 +2267,7 @@ mod tests {
            &blockhash_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DelegateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2299,7 +2297,7 @@ mod tests {
            "--sign-only",
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DelegateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2333,7 +2331,7 @@ mod tests {
            &key1.to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DelegateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2379,7 +2377,7 @@ mod tests {
            &key2.to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DelegateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2416,7 +2414,7 @@ mod tests {
            &fee_payer_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_delegate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DelegateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2446,13 +2444,14 @@ mod tests {
        ]);

        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_withdraw_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_withdraw_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::WithdrawStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
                    destination_account_pubkey: stake_account_pubkey,
                    lamports: 42_000_000_000,
                    withdraw_authority: 0,
+                    custodian: None,
                    sign_only: false,
                    blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::All(blockhash_query::Source::Cluster),
                    nonce_account: None,
@@ -2475,13 +2474,14 @@ mod tests {
        ]);

        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_withdraw_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_withdraw_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::WithdrawStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
                    destination_account_pubkey: stake_account_pubkey,
                    lamports: 42_000_000_000,
                    withdraw_authority: 1,
+                    custodian: None,
                    sign_only: false,
                    blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::All(blockhash_query::Source::Cluster),
                    nonce_account: None,
@@ -2497,6 +2497,39 @@ mod tests {
            }
        );

+        // Test WithdrawStake Subcommand w/ custodian
+        let test_withdraw_stake = test_commands.clone().get_matches_from(vec![
+            "test",
+            "withdraw-stake",
+            &stake_account_string,
+            &stake_account_string,
+            "42",
+            "--custodian",
+            &custodian_keypair_file,
+        ]);
+
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_command(&test_withdraw_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
+            CliCommandInfo {
+                command: CliCommand::WithdrawStake {
+                    stake_account_pubkey,
+                    destination_account_pubkey: stake_account_pubkey,
+                    lamports: 42_000_000_000,
+                    withdraw_authority: 0,
+                    custodian: Some(1),
+                    sign_only: false,
+                    blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::All(blockhash_query::Source::Cluster),
+                    nonce_account: None,
+                    nonce_authority: 0,
+                    fee_payer: 0,
+                },
+                signers: vec![
+                    read_keypair_file(&default_keypair_file).unwrap().into(),
+                    read_keypair_file(&custodian_keypair_file).unwrap().into()
+                ],
+            }
+        );
+
        // Test WithdrawStake Subcommand w/ authority and offline nonce
        let test_withdraw_stake = test_commands.clone().get_matches_from(vec![
            "test",
@@ -2519,13 +2552,14 @@ mod tests {
        ]);

        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_withdraw_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_withdraw_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::WithdrawStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
                    destination_account_pubkey: stake_account_pubkey,
                    lamports: 42_000_000_000,
                    withdraw_authority: 0,
+                    custodian: None,
                    sign_only: false,
                    blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::FeeCalculator(
                        blockhash_query::Source::NonceAccount(nonce_account),
@@ -2551,7 +2585,7 @@ mod tests {
            &stake_account_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DeactivateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2575,7 +2609,7 @@ mod tests {
            &stake_authority_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DeactivateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2606,7 +2640,7 @@ mod tests {
            &blockhash_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DeactivateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2633,7 +2667,7 @@ mod tests {
            "--sign-only",
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DeactivateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2664,7 +2698,7 @@ mod tests {
            &key1.to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DeactivateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2707,7 +2741,7 @@ mod tests {
            &key2.to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DeactivateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2738,7 +2772,7 @@ mod tests {
            &fee_payer_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_deactivate_stake, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::DeactivateStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey,
@@ -2772,7 +2806,7 @@ mod tests {
            "50",
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_split_stake_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_split_stake_account, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::SplitStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey: stake_account_keypair.pubkey(),
@@ -2833,7 +2867,7 @@ mod tests {
            &stake_signer,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_split_stake_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_split_stake_account, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::SplitStake {
                    stake_account_pubkey: stake_account_keypair.pubkey(),
--- a/cli/src/storage.rs
+++ b/cli/src/storage.rs
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ impl StorageSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
 pub fn parse_storage_create_archiver_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let account_owner =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "storage_account_owner", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ pub fn parse_storage_create_archiver_account(
 pub fn parse_storage_create_validator_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let account_owner =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "storage_account_owner", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ pub fn parse_storage_create_validator_account(
 pub fn parse_storage_claim_reward(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let node_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "node_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ pub fn parse_storage_claim_reward(

 pub fn parse_storage_get_account_command(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let storage_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "storage_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -242,8 +242,8 @@ pub fn process_create_storage_account(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result, &config)
 }

 pub fn process_claim_storage_reward(
@@ -266,8 +266,8 @@ pub fn process_claim_storage_reward(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let signature_str = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &signers)?;
-    Ok(signature_str)
+    let signature = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx)?;
+    Ok(signature.to_string())
 }

 pub fn process_show_storage_account(
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ mod tests {
            parse_command(
                &test_create_archiver_storage_account,
                &default_keypair_file,
-                None
+                &mut None
            )
            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ mod tests {
            parse_command(
                &test_create_validator_storage_account,
                &default_keypair_file,
-                None
+                &mut None
            )
            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ mod tests {
            &storage_account_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_claim_storage_reward, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_claim_storage_reward, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::ClaimStorageReward {
                    node_account_pubkey: pubkey,
--- a/cli/src/validator_info.rs
+++ b/cli/src/validator_info.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::{
    cli::{check_account_for_fee, CliCommand, CliCommandInfo, CliConfig, CliError, ProcessResult},
-    display::println_name_value,
+    cli_output::{CliValidatorInfo, CliValidatorInfoVec},
 };
 use bincode::deserialize;
 use clap::{App, AppSettings, Arg, ArgMatches, SubCommand};
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ use solana_sdk::{
    transaction::Transaction,
 };
 use std::{error, sync::Arc};
-use titlecase::titlecase;

 pub const MAX_SHORT_FIELD_LENGTH: usize = 70;
 pub const MAX_LONG_FIELD_LENGTH: usize = 300;
@@ -229,7 +228,7 @@ impl ValidatorInfoSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
 pub fn parse_validator_info_command(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let info_pubkey = pubkey_of(matches, "info_pubkey");
    // Prepare validator info
@@ -368,14 +367,18 @@ pub fn process_set_validator_info(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let signature_str = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &signers)?;
+    let signature_str = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx)?;

    println!("Success! Validator info published at: {:?}", info_pubkey);
    println!("{}", signature_str);
    Ok("".to_string())
 }

-pub fn process_get_validator_info(rpc_client: &RpcClient, pubkey: Option<Pubkey>) -> ProcessResult {
+pub fn process_get_validator_info(
+    rpc_client: &RpcClient,
+    config: &CliConfig,
+    pubkey: Option<Pubkey>,
+) -> ProcessResult {
    let validator_info: Vec<(Pubkey, Account)> = if let Some(validator_info_pubkey) = pubkey {
        vec![(
            validator_info_pubkey,
@@ -394,24 +397,22 @@ pub fn process_get_validator_info(rpc_client: &RpcClient, pubkey: Option<Pubkey>
            .collect()
    };

+    let mut validator_info_list: Vec<CliValidatorInfo> = vec![];
    if validator_info.is_empty() {
        println!("No validator info accounts found");
    }
    for (validator_info_pubkey, validator_info_account) in validator_info.iter() {
        let (validator_pubkey, validator_info) =
            parse_validator_info(&validator_info_pubkey, &validator_info_account)?;
-        println!();
-        println_name_value("Validator Identity Pubkey:", &validator_pubkey.to_string());
-        println_name_value("  Info Pubkey:", &validator_info_pubkey.to_string());
-        for (key, value) in validator_info.iter() {
-            println_name_value(
-                &format!("  {}:", titlecase(key)),
-                &value.as_str().unwrap_or("?"),
-            );
-        }
+        validator_info_list.push(CliValidatorInfo {
+            identity_pubkey: validator_pubkey.to_string(),
+            info_pubkey: validator_info_pubkey.to_string(),
+            info: validator_info,
+        });
    }
-
-    Ok("".to_string())
+    Ok(config
+        .output_format
+        .formatted_string(&CliValidatorInfoVec::new(validator_info_list)))
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
--- a/cli/src/vote.rs
+++ b/cli/src/vote.rs
@@ -1,19 +1,22 @@
-use crate::cli::{
-    build_balance_message, check_account_for_fee, check_unique_pubkeys, generate_unique_signers,
-    log_instruction_custom_error, CliCommand, CliCommandInfo, CliConfig, CliError, CliSignerInfo,
-    ProcessResult, SignerIndex,
+use crate::{
+    cli::{
+        check_account_for_fee, check_unique_pubkeys, generate_unique_signers,
+        log_instruction_custom_error, CliCommand, CliCommandInfo, CliConfig, CliError,
+        ProcessResult, SignerIndex,
+    },
+    cli_output::{CliEpochVotingHistory, CliLockout, CliVoteAccount},
 };
 use clap::{value_t_or_exit, App, Arg, ArgMatches, SubCommand};
-use solana_clap_utils::{input_parsers::*, input_validators::*};
+use solana_clap_utils::{
+    commitment::{commitment_arg, COMMITMENT_ARG},
+    input_parsers::*,
+    input_validators::*,
+};
 use solana_client::rpc_client::RpcClient;
 use solana_remote_wallet::remote_wallet::RemoteWalletManager;
 use solana_sdk::{
-    account::Account,
-    commitment_config::CommitmentConfig,
-    message::Message,
-    pubkey::Pubkey,
-    system_instruction::{create_address_with_seed, SystemError},
-    transaction::Transaction,
+    account::Account, commitment_config::CommitmentConfig, message::Message, pubkey::Pubkey,
+    system_instruction::SystemError, transaction::Transaction,
 };
 use solana_vote_program::{
    vote_instruction::{self, withdraw, VoteError},
@@ -93,8 +96,16 @@ impl VoteSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
                        .help("Vote account in which to set the authorized voter"),
                )
                .arg(
-                    Arg::with_name("new_authorized_pubkey")
+                    Arg::with_name("authorized")
                        .index(2)
+                        .value_name("AUTHORIZED_KEYPAIR")
+                        .required(true)
+                        .validator(is_valid_signer)
+                        .help("Current authorized vote signer"),
+                )
+                .arg(
+                    Arg::with_name("new_authorized_pubkey")
+                        .index(3)
                        .value_name("AUTHORIZED_PUBKEY")
                        .takes_value(true)
                        .required(true)
@@ -115,8 +126,16 @@ impl VoteSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
                        .help("Vote account in which to set the authorized withdrawer"),
                )
                .arg(
-                    Arg::with_name("new_authorized_pubkey")
+                    Arg::with_name("authorized")
                        .index(2)
+                        .value_name("AUTHORIZED_KEYPAIR")
+                        .required(true)
+                        .validator(is_valid_signer)
+                        .help("Current authorized withdrawer"),
+                )
+                .arg(
+                    Arg::with_name("new_authorized_pubkey")
+                        .index(3)
                        .value_name("AUTHORIZED_PUBKEY")
                        .takes_value(true)
                        .required(true)
@@ -159,14 +178,6 @@ impl VoteSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
            SubCommand::with_name("vote-account")
                .about("Show the contents of a vote account")
                .alias("show-vote-account")
-                .arg(
-                    Arg::with_name("confirmed")
-                        .long("confirmed")
-                        .takes_value(false)
-                        .help(
-                            "Return information at maximum-lockout commitment level",
-                        ),
-                )
                .arg(
                    Arg::with_name("vote_account_pubkey")
                        .index(1)
@@ -181,7 +192,8 @@ impl VoteSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
                        .long("lamports")
                        .takes_value(false)
                        .help("Display balance in lamports instead of SOL"),
-                ),
+                )
+                .arg(commitment_arg()),
        )
        .subcommand(
            SubCommand::with_name("withdraw-from-vote-account")
@@ -228,7 +240,7 @@ impl VoteSubCommands for App<'_, '_> {
 pub fn parse_create_vote_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let (vote_account, _) = signer_of(matches, "vote_account", wallet_manager)?;
    let seed = matches.value_of("seed").map(|s| s.to_string());
@@ -261,17 +273,18 @@ pub fn parse_create_vote_account(
 pub fn parse_vote_authorize(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
    vote_authorize: VoteAuthorize,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let vote_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "vote_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
    let new_authorized_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "new_authorized_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
+    let (authorized, _) = signer_of(matches, "authorized", wallet_manager)?;

-    let authorized_voter_provided = None;
-    let CliSignerInfo { signers } = generate_unique_signers(
-        vec![authorized_voter_provided],
+    let payer_provided = None;
+    let signer_info = generate_unique_signers(
+        vec![payer_provided, authorized],
        matches,
        default_signer_path,
        wallet_manager,
@@ -283,14 +296,14 @@ pub fn parse_vote_authorize(
            new_authorized_pubkey,
            vote_authorize,
        },
-        signers,
+        signers: signer_info.signers,
    })
 }

 pub fn parse_vote_update_validator(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let vote_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "vote_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -317,16 +330,12 @@ pub fn parse_vote_update_validator(

 pub fn parse_vote_get_account_command(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let vote_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "vote_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
    let use_lamports_unit = matches.is_present("lamports");
-    let commitment_config = if matches.is_present("confirmed") {
-        CommitmentConfig::default()
-    } else {
-        CommitmentConfig::recent()
-    };
+    let commitment_config = commitment_of(matches, COMMITMENT_ARG.long).unwrap();
    Ok(CliCommandInfo {
        command: CliCommand::ShowVoteAccount {
            pubkey: vote_account_pubkey,
@@ -340,7 +349,7 @@ pub fn parse_vote_get_account_command(
 pub fn parse_withdraw_from_vote_account(
    matches: &ArgMatches<'_>,
    default_signer_path: &str,
-    wallet_manager: Option<&Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
+    wallet_manager: &mut Option<Arc<RemoteWalletManager>>,
 ) -> Result<CliCommandInfo, CliError> {
    let vote_account_pubkey =
        pubkey_of_signer(matches, "vote_account_pubkey", wallet_manager)?.unwrap();
@@ -381,7 +390,7 @@ pub fn process_create_vote_account(
    let vote_account = config.signers[1];
    let vote_account_pubkey = vote_account.pubkey();
    let vote_account_address = if let Some(seed) = seed {
-        create_address_with_seed(&vote_account_pubkey, &seed, &solana_vote_program::id())?
+        Pubkey::create_with_seed(&vote_account_pubkey, &seed, &solana_vote_program::id())?
    } else {
        vote_account_pubkey
    };
@@ -448,8 +457,8 @@ pub fn process_create_vote_account(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<SystemError>(result, &config)
 }

 pub fn process_vote_authorize(
@@ -459,16 +468,24 @@ pub fn process_vote_authorize(
    new_authorized_pubkey: &Pubkey,
    vote_authorize: VoteAuthorize,
 ) -> ProcessResult {
+    // If the `authorized_account` is also the fee payer, `config.signers` will only have one
+    // keypair in it
+    let authorized = if config.signers.len() == 2 {
+        config.signers[1]
+    } else {
+        config.signers[0]
+    };
+
    check_unique_pubkeys(
-        (vote_account_pubkey, "vote_account_pubkey".to_string()),
+        (&authorized.pubkey(), "authorized_account".to_string()),
        (new_authorized_pubkey, "new_authorized_pubkey".to_string()),
    )?;
    let (recent_blockhash, fee_calculator) = rpc_client.get_recent_blockhash()?;
    let ixs = vec![vote_instruction::authorize(
-        vote_account_pubkey,         // vote account to update
-        &config.signers[0].pubkey(), // current authorized voter
-        new_authorized_pubkey,       // new vote signer/withdrawer
-        vote_authorize,              // vote or withdraw
+        vote_account_pubkey,   // vote account to update
+        &authorized.pubkey(),  // current authorized
+        new_authorized_pubkey, // new vote signer/withdrawer
+        vote_authorize,        // vote or withdraw
    )];

    let message = Message::new_with_payer(&ixs, Some(&config.signers[0].pubkey()));
@@ -480,9 +497,8 @@ pub fn process_vote_authorize(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let result =
-        rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &[config.signers[0]]);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<VoteError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<VoteError>(result, &config)
 }

 pub fn process_vote_update_validator(
@@ -499,7 +515,7 @@ pub fn process_vote_update_validator(
        (&new_identity_pubkey, "new_identity_account".to_string()),
    )?;
    let (recent_blockhash, fee_calculator) = rpc_client.get_recent_blockhash()?;
-    let ixs = vec![vote_instruction::update_node(
+    let ixs = vec![vote_instruction::update_validator_identity(
        vote_account_pubkey,
        &authorized_withdrawer.pubkey(),
        &new_identity_pubkey,
@@ -514,8 +530,8 @@ pub fn process_vote_update_validator(
        &fee_calculator,
        &tx.message,
    )?;
-    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut tx, &config.signers);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<VoteError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&tx);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<VoteError>(result, &config)
 }

 fn get_vote_account(
@@ -548,7 +564,7 @@ fn get_vote_account(

 pub fn process_show_vote_account(
    rpc_client: &RpcClient,
-    _config: &CliConfig,
+    config: &CliConfig,
    vote_account_pubkey: &Pubkey,
    use_lamports_unit: bool,
    commitment_config: CommitmentConfig,
@@ -558,46 +574,38 @@ pub fn process_show_vote_account(

    let epoch_schedule = rpc_client.get_epoch_schedule()?;

-    println!(
-        "Account Balance: {}",
-        build_balance_message(vote_account.lamports, use_lamports_unit, true)
-    );
-    println!("Validator Identity: {}", vote_state.node_pubkey);
-    println!("Authorized Voter: {:?}", vote_state.authorized_voters());
-    println!(
-        "Authorized Withdrawer: {}",
-        vote_state.authorized_withdrawer
-    );
-    println!("Credits: {}", vote_state.credits());
-    println!("Commission: {}%", vote_state.commission);
-    println!(
-        "Root Slot: {}",
-        match vote_state.root_slot {
-            Some(slot) => slot.to_string(),
-            None => "~".to_string(),
-        }
-    );
-    println!("Recent Timestamp: {:?}", vote_state.last_timestamp);
+    let mut votes: Vec<CliLockout> = vec![];
+    let mut epoch_voting_history: Vec<CliEpochVotingHistory> = vec![];
    if !vote_state.votes.is_empty() {
-        println!("recent votes:");
        for vote in &vote_state.votes {
-            println!(
-                "- slot: {}\n  confirmation count: {}",
-                vote.slot, vote.confirmation_count
-            );
+            votes.push(vote.into());
        }
-
-        println!("Epoch Voting History:");
        for (epoch, credits, prev_credits) in vote_state.epoch_credits() {
            let credits_earned = credits - prev_credits;
            let slots_in_epoch = epoch_schedule.get_slots_in_epoch(*epoch);
-            println!(
-                "- epoch: {}\n  slots in epoch: {}\n  credits earned: {}",
-                epoch, slots_in_epoch, credits_earned,
-            );
+            epoch_voting_history.push(CliEpochVotingHistory {
+                epoch: *epoch,
+                slots_in_epoch,
+                credits_earned,
+            });
        }
    }
-    Ok("".to_string())
+
+    let vote_account_data = CliVoteAccount {
+        account_balance: vote_account.lamports,
+        validator_identity: vote_state.node_pubkey.to_string(),
+        authorized_voters: vote_state.authorized_voters().into(),
+        authorized_withdrawer: vote_state.authorized_withdrawer.to_string(),
+        credits: vote_state.credits(),
+        commission: vote_state.commission,
+        root_slot: vote_state.root_slot,
+        recent_timestamp: vote_state.last_timestamp.clone(),
+        votes,
+        epoch_voting_history,
+        use_lamports_unit,
+    };
+
+    Ok(config.output_format.formatted_string(&vote_account_data))
 }

 pub fn process_withdraw_from_vote_account(
@@ -627,9 +635,8 @@ pub fn process_withdraw_from_vote_account(
        &fee_calculator,
        &transaction.message,
    )?;
-    let result =
-        rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&mut transaction, &config.signers);
-    log_instruction_custom_error::<VoteError>(result)
+    let result = rpc_client.send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner(&transaction);
+    log_instruction_custom_error::<VoteError>(result, &config)
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -662,10 +669,11 @@ mod tests {
            "test",
            "vote-authorize-voter",
            &pubkey_string,
+            &default_keypair_file,
            &pubkey2_string,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_authorize_voter, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_authorize_voter, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::VoteAuthorize {
                    vote_account_pubkey: pubkey,
@@ -676,6 +684,32 @@ mod tests {
            }
        );

+        let authorized_keypair = Keypair::new();
+        let (authorized_keypair_file, mut tmp_file) = make_tmp_file();
+        write_keypair(&authorized_keypair, tmp_file.as_file_mut()).unwrap();
+
+        let test_authorize_voter = test_commands.clone().get_matches_from(vec![
+            "test",
+            "vote-authorize-voter",
+            &pubkey_string,
+            &authorized_keypair_file,
+            &pubkey2_string,
+        ]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_command(&test_authorize_voter, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
+            CliCommandInfo {
+                command: CliCommand::VoteAuthorize {
+                    vote_account_pubkey: pubkey,
+                    new_authorized_pubkey: pubkey2,
+                    vote_authorize: VoteAuthorize::Voter
+                },
+                signers: vec![
+                    read_keypair_file(&default_keypair_file).unwrap().into(),
+                    read_keypair_file(&authorized_keypair_file).unwrap().into(),
+                ],
+            }
+        );
+
        let (keypair_file, mut tmp_file) = make_tmp_file();
        let keypair = Keypair::new();
        write_keypair(&keypair, tmp_file.as_file_mut()).unwrap();
@@ -692,7 +726,7 @@ mod tests {
            "10",
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_vote_account, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_create_vote_account, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateVoteAccount {
                    seed: None,
@@ -720,7 +754,7 @@ mod tests {
            &identity_keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_vote_account2, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_create_vote_account2, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateVoteAccount {
                    seed: None,
@@ -752,7 +786,7 @@ mod tests {
            &authed.to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_vote_account3, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_create_vote_account3, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateVoteAccount {
                    seed: None,
@@ -782,7 +816,7 @@ mod tests {
            &authed.to_string(),
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_create_vote_account4, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_create_vote_account4, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::CreateVoteAccount {
                    seed: None,
@@ -807,7 +841,7 @@ mod tests {
            &keypair_file,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(
-            parse_command(&test_update_validator, &default_keypair_file, None).unwrap(),
+            parse_command(&test_update_validator, &default_keypair_file, &mut None).unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
                command: CliCommand::VoteUpdateValidator {
                    vote_account_pubkey: pubkey,
@@ -833,7 +867,7 @@ mod tests {
            parse_command(
                &test_withdraw_from_vote_account,
                &default_keypair_file,
-                None
+                &mut None
            )
            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
@@ -864,7 +898,7 @@ mod tests {
            parse_command(
                &test_withdraw_from_vote_account,
                &default_keypair_file,
-                None
+                &mut None
            )
            .unwrap(),
            CliCommandInfo {
--- a/cli/tests/nonce.rs
+++ b/cli/tests/nonce.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use solana_cli::{
    cli::{process_command, request_and_confirm_airdrop, CliCommand, CliConfig},
+    cli_output::OutputFormat,
    nonce,
    offline::{
        blockhash_query::{self, BlockhashQuery},
@@ -13,7 +14,6 @@ use solana_sdk::{
    hash::Hash,
    pubkey::Pubkey,
    signature::{keypair_from_seed, Keypair, Signer},
-    system_instruction::create_address_with_seed,
    system_program,
 };
 use std::{fs::remove_dir_all, sync::mpsc::channel, thread::sleep, time::Duration};
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@ fn full_battery_tests(
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_payer.signers[0].pubkey(),
        2000,
+        &config_payer,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(2000, &rpc_client, &config_payer.signers[0].pubkey());
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ fn full_battery_tests(
    config_nonce.signers = vec![&nonce_keypair];

    let nonce_account = if let Some(seed) = seed.as_ref() {
-        create_address_with_seed(
+        Pubkey::create_with_seed(
            &config_nonce.signers[0].pubkey(),
            seed,
            &system_program::id(),
@@ -266,6 +267,7 @@ fn test_create_account_with_seed() {
    } = TestValidator::run_with_options(TestValidatorOptions {
        fees: 1,
        bootstrap_validator_lamports: 42_000,
+        ..TestValidatorOptions::default()
    });

    let (sender, receiver) = channel();
@@ -275,6 +277,7 @@ fn test_create_account_with_seed() {
    let offline_nonce_authority_signer = keypair_from_seed(&[1u8; 32]).unwrap();
    let online_nonce_creator_signer = keypair_from_seed(&[2u8; 32]).unwrap();
    let to_address = Pubkey::new(&[3u8; 32]);
+    let config = CliConfig::default();

    // Setup accounts
    let rpc_client = RpcClient::new_socket(leader_data.rpc);
@@ -283,6 +286,7 @@ fn test_create_account_with_seed() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &offline_nonce_authority_signer.pubkey(),
        42,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();
    request_and_confirm_airdrop(
@@ -290,6 +294,7 @@ fn test_create_account_with_seed() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &online_nonce_creator_signer.pubkey(),
        4242,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(42, &rpc_client, &offline_nonce_authority_signer.pubkey());
@@ -301,7 +306,7 @@ fn test_create_account_with_seed() {
    let authority_pubkey = offline_nonce_authority_signer.pubkey();
    let seed = authority_pubkey.to_string()[0..32].to_string();
    let nonce_address =
-        create_address_with_seed(&creator_pubkey, &seed, &system_program::id()).unwrap();
+        Pubkey::create_with_seed(&creator_pubkey, &seed, &system_program::id()).unwrap();
    check_balance(0, &rpc_client, &nonce_address);

    let mut creator_config = CliConfig::default();
@@ -338,11 +343,13 @@ fn test_create_account_with_seed() {
        to: to_address,
        from: 0,
        sign_only: true,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::None(nonce_hash),
        nonce_account: Some(nonce_address),
        nonce_authority: 0,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    authority_config.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sign_only_reply = process_command(&authority_config).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sign_only_reply);
    let authority_presigner = sign_only.presigner_of(&authority_pubkey).unwrap();
@@ -358,6 +365,7 @@ fn test_create_account_with_seed() {
        to: to_address,
        from: 0,
        sign_only: false,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::FeeCalculator(
            blockhash_query::Source::NonceAccount(nonce_address),
            sign_only.blockhash,
--- a/cli/tests/pay.rs
+++ b/cli/tests/pay.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use chrono::prelude::*;
 use serde_json::Value;
 use solana_cli::{
    cli::{process_command, request_and_confirm_airdrop, CliCommand, CliConfig, PayCommand},
+    cli_output::OutputFormat,
    nonce,
    offline::{
        blockhash_query::{self, BlockhashQuery},
@@ -69,6 +70,7 @@ fn test_cli_timestamp_tx() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_payer.signers[0].pubkey(),
        50,
+        &config_witness,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(50, &rpc_client, &config_payer.signers[0].pubkey());
@@ -78,6 +80,7 @@ fn test_cli_timestamp_tx() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_witness.signers[0].pubkey(),
        1,
+        &config_witness,
    )
    .unwrap();

@@ -154,6 +157,7 @@ fn test_cli_witness_tx() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_payer.signers[0].pubkey(),
        50,
+        &config_witness,
    )
    .unwrap();
    request_and_confirm_airdrop(
@@ -161,6 +165,7 @@ fn test_cli_witness_tx() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_witness.signers[0].pubkey(),
        1,
+        &config_witness,
    )
    .unwrap();

@@ -234,6 +239,7 @@ fn test_cli_cancel_tx() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_payer.signers[0].pubkey(),
        50,
+        &config_witness,
    )
    .unwrap();

@@ -307,6 +313,7 @@ fn test_offline_pay_tx() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_offline.signers[0].pubkey(),
        50,
+        &config_offline,
    )
    .unwrap();

@@ -315,6 +322,7 @@ fn test_offline_pay_tx() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_online.signers[0].pubkey(),
        50,
+        &config_offline,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(50, &rpc_client, &config_offline.signers[0].pubkey());
@@ -328,6 +336,7 @@ fn test_offline_pay_tx() {
        sign_only: true,
        ..PayCommand::default()
    });
+    config_offline.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sig_response = process_command(&config_offline).unwrap();

    check_balance(50, &rpc_client, &config_offline.signers[0].pubkey());
@@ -388,6 +397,7 @@ fn test_nonced_pay_tx() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config.signers[0].pubkey(),
        50 + minimum_nonce_balance,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(
--- a/cli/tests/stake.rs
+++ b/cli/tests/stake.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use solana_cli::{
    cli::{process_command, request_and_confirm_airdrop, CliCommand, CliConfig},
+    cli_output::OutputFormat,
    nonce,
    offline::{
        blockhash_query::{self, BlockhashQuery},
@@ -14,7 +15,6 @@ use solana_sdk::{
    nonce::State as NonceState,
    pubkey::Pubkey,
    signature::{keypair_from_seed, Keypair, Signer},
-    system_instruction::create_address_with_seed,
 };
 use solana_stake_program::{
    stake_instruction::LockupArgs,
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@ fn test_stake_delegation_force() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();

@@ -156,11 +157,12 @@ fn test_seed_stake_delegation_and_deactivation() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_validator.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config_validator,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &config_validator.signers[0].pubkey());

-    let stake_address = create_address_with_seed(
+    let stake_address = Pubkey::create_with_seed(
        &config_validator.signers[0].pubkey(),
        "hi there",
        &solana_stake_program::id(),
@@ -246,6 +248,7 @@ fn test_stake_delegation_and_deactivation() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_validator.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config_validator,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &config_validator.signers[0].pubkey());
@@ -342,6 +345,7 @@ fn test_offline_stake_delegation_and_deactivation() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_validator.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config_offline,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &config_validator.signers[0].pubkey());
@@ -351,6 +355,7 @@ fn test_offline_stake_delegation_and_deactivation() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_offline.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config_validator,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &config_offline.signers[0].pubkey());
@@ -386,6 +391,7 @@ fn test_offline_stake_delegation_and_deactivation() {
        nonce_authority: 0,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    config_offline.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sig_response = process_command(&config_offline).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sig_response);
    assert!(sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -471,6 +477,7 @@ fn test_nonced_stake_delegation_and_deactivation() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();

@@ -580,6 +587,7 @@ fn test_stake_authorize() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();

@@ -597,6 +605,7 @@ fn test_stake_authorize() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config_offline.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();

@@ -704,6 +713,7 @@ fn test_stake_authorize() {
        nonce_authority: 0,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    config_offline.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sign_reply = process_command(&config_offline).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sign_reply);
    assert!(sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -812,6 +822,7 @@ fn test_stake_authorize_with_fee_payer() {
    } = TestValidator::run_with_options(TestValidatorOptions {
        fees: SIG_FEE,
        bootstrap_validator_lamports: 42_000,
+        ..TestValidatorOptions::default()
    });
    let (sender, receiver) = channel();
    run_local_faucet(alice, sender, None);
@@ -841,13 +852,16 @@ fn test_stake_authorize_with_fee_payer() {
    config_offline.command = CliCommand::ClusterVersion;
    process_command(&config_offline).unwrap_err();

-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &default_pubkey, 100_000).unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &default_pubkey, 100_000, &config)
+        .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &config.signers[0].pubkey());

-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &payer_pubkey, 100_000).unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &payer_pubkey, 100_000, &config)
+        .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &payer_pubkey);

-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 100_000).unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 100_000, &config)
+        .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &offline_pubkey);

    // Create stake account, identity is authority
@@ -901,6 +915,7 @@ fn test_stake_authorize_with_fee_payer() {
        nonce_authority: 0,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    config_offline.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sign_reply = process_command(&config_offline).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sign_reply);
    assert!(sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -939,6 +954,7 @@ fn test_stake_split() {
    } = TestValidator::run_with_options(TestValidatorOptions {
        fees: 1,
        bootstrap_validator_lamports: 42_000,
+        ..TestValidatorOptions::default()
    });
    let (sender, receiver) = channel();
    run_local_faucet(alice, sender, None);
@@ -965,11 +981,13 @@ fn test_stake_split() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config.signers[0].pubkey(),
        500_000,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(500_000, &rpc_client, &config.signers[0].pubkey());

-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 100_000).unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 100_000, &config)
+        .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &offline_pubkey);

    // Create stake account, identity is authority
@@ -1037,6 +1055,7 @@ fn test_stake_split() {
        lamports: 2 * minimum_stake_balance,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    config_offline.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sig_response = process_command(&config_offline).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sig_response);
    assert!(sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -1086,6 +1105,7 @@ fn test_stake_set_lockup() {
    } = TestValidator::run_with_options(TestValidatorOptions {
        fees: 1,
        bootstrap_validator_lamports: 42_000,
+        ..TestValidatorOptions::default()
    });
    let (sender, receiver) = channel();
    run_local_faucet(alice, sender, None);
@@ -1112,11 +1132,13 @@ fn test_stake_set_lockup() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config.signers[0].pubkey(),
        500_000,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(500_000, &rpc_client, &config.signers[0].pubkey());

-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 100_000).unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 100_000, &config)
+        .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &offline_pubkey);

    // Create stake account, identity is authority
@@ -1290,6 +1312,7 @@ fn test_stake_set_lockup() {
        nonce_authority: 0,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    config_offline.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sig_response = process_command(&config_offline).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sig_response);
    assert!(sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -1362,11 +1385,13 @@ fn test_offline_nonced_create_stake_account_and_withdraw() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config.signers[0].pubkey(),
        200_000,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(200_000, &rpc_client, &config.signers[0].pubkey());

-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 100_000).unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 100_000, &config)
+        .unwrap();
    check_balance(100_000, &rpc_client, &offline_pubkey);

    // Create nonce account
@@ -1408,6 +1433,7 @@ fn test_offline_nonced_create_stake_account_and_withdraw() {
        fee_payer: 0,
        from: 0,
    };
+    config_offline.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sig_response = process_command(&config_offline).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sig_response);
    assert!(sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -1449,6 +1475,7 @@ fn test_offline_nonced_create_stake_account_and_withdraw() {
        destination_account_pubkey: recipient_pubkey,
        lamports: 42,
        withdraw_authority: 0,
+        custodian: None,
        sign_only: true,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::None(nonce_hash),
        nonce_account: Some(nonce_pubkey),
@@ -1464,6 +1491,7 @@ fn test_offline_nonced_create_stake_account_and_withdraw() {
        destination_account_pubkey: recipient_pubkey,
        lamports: 42,
        withdraw_authority: 0,
+        custodian: None,
        sign_only: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::FeeCalculator(
            blockhash_query::Source::NonceAccount(nonce_pubkey),
@@ -1523,7 +1551,7 @@ fn test_offline_nonced_create_stake_account_and_withdraw() {
    };
    process_command(&config).unwrap();
    let seed_address =
-        create_address_with_seed(&stake_pubkey, seed, &solana_stake_program::id()).unwrap();
+        Pubkey::create_with_seed(&stake_pubkey, seed, &solana_stake_program::id()).unwrap();
    check_balance(50_000, &rpc_client, &seed_address);

    server.close().unwrap();
--- a/cli/tests/transfer.rs
+++ b/cli/tests/transfer.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use solana_cli::{
    cli::{process_command, request_and_confirm_airdrop, CliCommand, CliConfig},
+    cli_output::OutputFormat,
    nonce,
    offline::{
        blockhash_query::{self, BlockhashQuery},
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ fn test_transfer() {
    } = TestValidator::run_with_options(TestValidatorOptions {
        fees: 1,
        bootstrap_validator_lamports: 42_000,
+        ..TestValidatorOptions::default()
    });

    let (sender, receiver) = channel();
@@ -58,7 +60,8 @@ fn test_transfer() {
    let sender_pubkey = config.signers[0].pubkey();
    let recipient_pubkey = Pubkey::new(&[1u8; 32]);

-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &sender_pubkey, 50_000).unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &sender_pubkey, 50_000, &config)
+        .unwrap();
    check_balance(50_000, &rpc_client, &sender_pubkey);
    check_balance(0, &rpc_client, &recipient_pubkey);

@@ -68,6 +71,7 @@ fn test_transfer() {
        to: recipient_pubkey,
        from: 0,
        sign_only: false,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::All(blockhash_query::Source::Cluster),
        nonce_account: None,
        nonce_authority: 0,
@@ -85,7 +89,7 @@ fn test_transfer() {
    process_command(&offline).unwrap_err();

    let offline_pubkey = offline.signers[0].pubkey();
-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 50).unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_pubkey, 50, &config).unwrap();
    check_balance(50, &rpc_client, &offline_pubkey);

    // Offline transfer
@@ -95,11 +99,13 @@ fn test_transfer() {
        to: recipient_pubkey,
        from: 0,
        sign_only: true,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::None(blockhash),
        nonce_account: None,
        nonce_authority: 0,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    offline.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sign_only_reply = process_command(&offline).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sign_only_reply);
    assert!(sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -110,6 +116,7 @@ fn test_transfer() {
        to: recipient_pubkey,
        from: 0,
        sign_only: false,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::FeeCalculator(blockhash_query::Source::Cluster, blockhash),
        nonce_account: None,
        nonce_authority: 0,
@@ -147,6 +154,7 @@ fn test_transfer() {
        to: recipient_pubkey,
        from: 0,
        sign_only: false,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::FeeCalculator(
            blockhash_query::Source::NonceAccount(nonce_account.pubkey()),
            nonce_hash,
@@ -187,6 +195,7 @@ fn test_transfer() {
        to: recipient_pubkey,
        from: 0,
        sign_only: true,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::None(nonce_hash),
        nonce_account: Some(nonce_account.pubkey()),
        nonce_authority: 0,
@@ -202,6 +211,7 @@ fn test_transfer() {
        to: recipient_pubkey,
        from: 0,
        sign_only: false,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::FeeCalculator(
            blockhash_query::Source::NonceAccount(nonce_account.pubkey()),
            sign_only.blockhash,
@@ -229,6 +239,7 @@ fn test_transfer_multisession_signing() {
    } = TestValidator::run_with_options(TestValidatorOptions {
        fees: 1,
        bootstrap_validator_lamports: 42_000,
+        ..TestValidatorOptions::default()
    });

    let (sender, receiver) = channel();
@@ -239,16 +250,24 @@ fn test_transfer_multisession_signing() {
    let offline_from_signer = keypair_from_seed(&[2u8; 32]).unwrap();
    let offline_fee_payer_signer = keypair_from_seed(&[3u8; 32]).unwrap();
    let from_null_signer = NullSigner::new(&offline_from_signer.pubkey());
+    let config = CliConfig::default();

    // Setup accounts
    let rpc_client = RpcClient::new_socket(leader_data.rpc);
-    request_and_confirm_airdrop(&rpc_client, &faucet_addr, &offline_from_signer.pubkey(), 43)
-        .unwrap();
+    request_and_confirm_airdrop(
+        &rpc_client,
+        &faucet_addr,
+        &offline_from_signer.pubkey(),
+        43,
+        &config,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
    request_and_confirm_airdrop(
        &rpc_client,
        &faucet_addr,
        &offline_fee_payer_signer.pubkey(),
        3,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();
    check_balance(43, &rpc_client, &offline_from_signer.pubkey());
@@ -269,11 +288,13 @@ fn test_transfer_multisession_signing() {
        to: to_pubkey,
        from: 1,
        sign_only: true,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::None(blockhash),
        nonce_account: None,
        nonce_authority: 0,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    fee_payer_config.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sign_only_reply = process_command(&fee_payer_config).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sign_only_reply);
    assert!(!sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -293,11 +314,13 @@ fn test_transfer_multisession_signing() {
        to: to_pubkey,
        from: 1,
        sign_only: true,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::None(blockhash),
        nonce_account: None,
        nonce_authority: 0,
        fee_payer: 0,
    };
+    from_config.output_format = OutputFormat::JsonCompact;
    let sign_only_reply = process_command(&from_config).unwrap();
    let sign_only = parse_sign_only_reply_string(&sign_only_reply);
    assert!(sign_only.has_all_signers());
@@ -314,6 +337,7 @@ fn test_transfer_multisession_signing() {
        to: to_pubkey,
        from: 1,
        sign_only: false,
+        no_wait: false,
        blockhash_query: BlockhashQuery::FeeCalculator(blockhash_query::Source::Cluster, blockhash),
        nonce_account: None,
        nonce_authority: 0,
--- a/cli/tests/vote.rs
+++ b/cli/tests/vote.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ fn test_vote_authorize_and_withdraw() {
        &faucet_addr,
        &config.signers[0].pubkey(),
        100_000,
+        &config,
    )
    .unwrap();

--- a/client/Cargo.toml
+++ b/client/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [package]
 name = "solana-client"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 description = "Solana Client"
 authors = ["Solana Maintainers <maintainers@solana.com>"]
 repository = "https://github.com/solana-labs/solana"
@@ -14,14 +14,15 @@ bs58 = "0.3.0"
 indicatif = "0.14.0"
 jsonrpc-core = "14.0.5"
 log = "0.4.8"
-rayon = "1.2.0"
-reqwest = { version = "0.10.1", default-features = false, features = ["blocking", "rustls-tls"] }
-serde = "1.0.104"
+rayon = "1.3.0"
+reqwest = { version = "0.10.4", default-features = false, features = ["blocking", "rustls-tls", "json"] }
+serde = "1.0.105"
 serde_derive = "1.0.103"
-serde_json = "1.0.46"
-solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-vote-program = { path = "../programs/vote", version = "1.0.9" }
+serde_json = "1.0.48"
+solana-transaction-status = { path = "../transaction-status", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-vote-program = { path = "../programs/vote", version = "1.1.15" }
 thiserror = "1.0"
 tungstenite = "0.10.1"
 url = "2.1.1"
@@ -30,4 +31,7 @@ url = "2.1.1"
 assert_matches = "1.3.0"
 jsonrpc-core = "14.0.5"
 jsonrpc-http-server = "14.0.6"
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/client/src/client_error.rs
+++ b/client/src/client_error.rs
@@ -50,29 +50,29 @@ impl Into<TransportError> for ClientErrorKind {
 #[derive(Error, Debug)]
 #[error("{kind}")]
 pub struct ClientError {
-    command: Option<&'static str>,
+    request: Option<rpc_request::RpcRequest>,
+
    #[source]
-    #[error(transparent)]
    kind: ClientErrorKind,
 }

 impl ClientError {
-    pub fn new_with_command(kind: ClientErrorKind, command: &'static str) -> Self {
+    pub fn new_with_request(kind: ClientErrorKind, request: rpc_request::RpcRequest) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: Some(command),
+            request: Some(request),
            kind,
        }
    }

-    pub fn into_with_command(self, command: &'static str) -> Self {
+    pub fn into_with_request(self, request: rpc_request::RpcRequest) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: Some(command),
+            request: Some(request),
            ..self
        }
    }

-    pub fn command(&self) -> Option<&'static str> {
-        self.command
+    pub fn request(&self) -> Option<&rpc_request::RpcRequest> {
+        self.request.as_ref()
    }

    pub fn kind(&self) -> &ClientErrorKind {
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ impl ClientError {
 impl From<ClientErrorKind> for ClientError {
    fn from(kind: ClientErrorKind) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: None,
+            request: None,
            kind,
        }
    }
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ impl From<ClientErrorKind> for ClientError {
 impl From<TransportError> for ClientError {
    fn from(err: TransportError) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: None,
+            request: None,
            kind: err.into(),
        }
    }
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ impl Into<TransportError> for ClientError {
 impl From<std::io::Error> for ClientError {
    fn from(err: std::io::Error) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: None,
+            request: None,
            kind: err.into(),
        }
    }
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ impl From<std::io::Error> for ClientError {
 impl From<reqwest::Error> for ClientError {
    fn from(err: reqwest::Error) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: None,
+            request: None,
            kind: err.into(),
        }
    }
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ impl From<reqwest::Error> for ClientError {
 impl From<rpc_request::RpcError> for ClientError {
    fn from(err: rpc_request::RpcError) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: None,
+            request: None,
            kind: err.into(),
        }
    }
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ impl From<rpc_request::RpcError> for ClientError {
 impl From<serde_json::error::Error> for ClientError {
    fn from(err: serde_json::error::Error) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: None,
+            request: None,
            kind: err.into(),
        }
    }
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ impl From<serde_json::error::Error> for ClientError {
 impl From<SignerError> for ClientError {
    fn from(err: SignerError) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: None,
+            request: None,
            kind: err.into(),
        }
    }
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ impl From<SignerError> for ClientError {
 impl From<TransactionError> for ClientError {
    fn from(err: TransactionError) -> Self {
        Self {
-            command: None,
+            request: None,
            kind: err.into(),
        }
    }
--- a/client/src/generic_rpc_client_request.rs
+++ b/client/src/generic_rpc_client_request.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,5 @@
 use crate::{client_error::Result, rpc_request::RpcRequest};

 pub(crate) trait GenericRpcClientRequest {
-    fn send(
-        &self,
-        request: &RpcRequest,
-        params: serde_json::Value,
-        retries: usize,
-    ) -> Result<serde_json::Value>;
+    fn send(&self, request: RpcRequest, params: serde_json::Value) -> Result<serde_json::Value>;
 }
--- a/client/src/lib.rs
+++ b/client/src/lib.rs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ pub mod perf_utils;
 pub mod pubsub_client;
 pub mod rpc_client;
 pub mod rpc_client_request;
+pub mod rpc_config;
 pub mod rpc_request;
 pub mod rpc_response;
 pub mod thin_client;
--- a/client/src/mock_rpc_client_request.rs
+++ b/client/src/mock_rpc_client_request.rs
@@ -2,14 +2,16 @@ use crate::{
    client_error::Result,
    generic_rpc_client_request::GenericRpcClientRequest,
    rpc_request::RpcRequest,
-    rpc_response::{Response, RpcResponseContext, RpcTransactionStatus},
+    rpc_response::{Response, RpcResponseContext},
 };
 use serde_json::{Number, Value};
 use solana_sdk::{
    fee_calculator::{FeeCalculator, FeeRateGovernor},
    instruction::InstructionError,
-    transaction::{self, TransactionError},
+    signature::Signature,
+    transaction::{self, Transaction, TransactionError},
 };
+use solana_transaction_status::TransactionStatus;
 use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::RwLock};

 pub const PUBKEY: &str = "7RoSF9fUmdphVCpabEoefH81WwrW7orsWonXWqTXkKV8";
@@ -36,30 +38,14 @@ impl MockRpcClientRequest {
 }

 impl GenericRpcClientRequest for MockRpcClientRequest {
-    fn send(
-        &self,
-        request: &RpcRequest,
-        params: serde_json::Value,
-        _retries: usize,
-    ) -> Result<serde_json::Value> {
-        if let Some(value) = self.mocks.write().unwrap().remove(request) {
+    fn send(&self, request: RpcRequest, params: serde_json::Value) -> Result<serde_json::Value> {
+        if let Some(value) = self.mocks.write().unwrap().remove(&request) {
            return Ok(value);
        }
        if self.url == "fails" {
            return Ok(Value::Null);
        }
        let val = match request {
-            RpcRequest::ConfirmTransaction => {
-                if let Some(params_array) = params.as_array() {
-                    if let Value::String(param_string) = &params_array[0] {
-                        Value::Bool(param_string == SIGNATURE)
-                    } else {
-                        Value::Null
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    Value::Null
-                }
-            }
            RpcRequest::GetBalance => serde_json::to_value(Response {
                context: RpcResponseContext { slot: 1 },
                value: Value::Number(Number::from(50)),
@@ -86,7 +72,7 @@ impl GenericRpcClientRequest for MockRpcClientRequest {
                context: RpcResponseContext { slot: 1 },
                value: serde_json::to_value(FeeRateGovernor::default()).unwrap(),
            })?,
-            RpcRequest::GetSignatureStatus => {
+            RpcRequest::GetSignatureStatuses => {
                let status: transaction::Result<()> = if self.url == "account_in_use" {
                    Err(TransactionError::AccountInUse)
                } else if self.url == "instruction_error" {
@@ -100,13 +86,32 @@ impl GenericRpcClientRequest for MockRpcClientRequest {
                let status = if self.url == "sig_not_found" {
                    None
                } else {
-                    Some(RpcTransactionStatus { status, slot: 1 })
+                    let err = status.clone().err();
+                    Some(TransactionStatus {
+                        status,
+                        slot: 1,
+                        confirmations: None,
+                        err,
+                    })
                };
-                serde_json::to_value(vec![status])?
+                serde_json::to_value(Response {
+                    context: RpcResponseContext { slot: 1 },
+                    value: vec![status],
+                })?
            }
            RpcRequest::GetTransactionCount => Value::Number(Number::from(1234)),
            RpcRequest::GetSlot => Value::Number(Number::from(0)),
-            RpcRequest::SendTransaction => Value::String(SIGNATURE.to_string()),
+            RpcRequest::SendTransaction => {
+                let signature = if self.url == "malicious" {
+                    Signature::new(&[8; 64]).to_string()
+                } else {
+                    let tx_str = params.as_array().unwrap()[0].as_str().unwrap().to_string();
+                    let data = bs58::decode(tx_str).into_vec().unwrap();
+                    let tx: Transaction = bincode::deserialize(&data).unwrap();
+                    tx.signatures[0].to_string()
+                };
+                Value::String(signature)
+            }
            RpcRequest::GetMinimumBalanceForRentExemption => Value::Number(Number::from(1234)),
            _ => Value::Null,
        };
--- a/client/src/rpc_client.rs
+++ b/client/src/rpc_client.rs
--- a/client/src/rpc_client_request.rs
+++ b/client/src/rpc_client_request.rs
@@ -4,8 +4,7 @@ use crate::{
    rpc_request::{RpcError, RpcRequest},
 };
 use log::*;
-use reqwest::{self, header::CONTENT_TYPE};
-use solana_sdk::clock::{DEFAULT_TICKS_PER_SECOND, DEFAULT_TICKS_PER_SLOT};
+use reqwest::{self, header::CONTENT_TYPE, StatusCode};
 use std::{thread::sleep, time::Duration};

 pub struct RpcClientRequest {
@@ -29,17 +28,13 @@ impl RpcClientRequest {
 }

 impl GenericRpcClientRequest for RpcClientRequest {
-    fn send(
-        &self,
-        request: &RpcRequest,
-        params: serde_json::Value,
-        mut retries: usize,
-    ) -> Result<serde_json::Value> {
+    fn send(&self, request: RpcRequest, params: serde_json::Value) -> Result<serde_json::Value> {
        // Concurrent requests are not supported so reuse the same request id for all requests
        let request_id = 1;

        let request_json = request.build_request_json(request_id, params);

+        let mut too_many_requests_retries = 5;
        loop {
            match self
                .client
@@ -50,6 +45,19 @@ impl GenericRpcClientRequest for RpcClientRequest {
            {
                Ok(response) => {
                    if !response.status().is_success() {
+                        if response.status() == StatusCode::TOO_MANY_REQUESTS
+                            && too_many_requests_retries > 0
+                        {
+                            too_many_requests_retries -= 1;
+                            debug!(
+                                "Server responded with {:?}, {} retries left",
+                                response, too_many_requests_retries
+                            );
+
+                            // Sleep for 500ms to give the server a break
+                            sleep(Duration::from_millis(500));
+                            continue;
+                        }
                        return Err(response.error_for_status().unwrap_err().into());
                    }

@@ -63,17 +71,8 @@ impl GenericRpcClientRequest for RpcClientRequest {
                    }
                    return Ok(json["result"].clone());
                }
-                Err(e) => {
-                    info!("{:?} failed, {} retries left: {:?}", request, retries, e);
-                    if retries == 0 {
-                        return Err(e.into());
-                    }
-                    retries -= 1;
-
-                    // Sleep for approximately half a slot
-                    sleep(Duration::from_millis(
-                        500 * DEFAULT_TICKS_PER_SLOT / DEFAULT_TICKS_PER_SECOND,
-                    ));
+                Err(err) => {
+                    return Err(err.into());
                }
            }
        }
--- a/client/src/rpc_config.rs
+++ b/client/src/rpc_config.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+use solana_sdk::commitment_config::CommitmentConfig;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RpcSignatureStatusConfig {
+    pub search_transaction_history: Option<bool>,
+    // DEPRECATED
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    pub commitment: Option<CommitmentConfig>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RpcSimulateTransactionConfig {
+    pub sig_verify: bool,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub enum RpcLargestAccountsFilter {
+    Circulating,
+    NonCirculating,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RpcLargestAccountsConfig {
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    pub commitment: Option<CommitmentConfig>,
+    pub filter: Option<RpcLargestAccountsFilter>,
+}
--- a/client/src/rpc_request.rs
+++ b/client/src/rpc_request.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use serde_json::{json, Value};
+use std::fmt;
 use thiserror::Error;

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
+#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum RpcRequest {
-    ConfirmTransaction,
    DeregisterNode,
    ValidatorExit,
    GetAccountInfo,
@@ -12,40 +12,43 @@ pub enum RpcRequest {
    GetClusterNodes,
    GetConfirmedBlock,
    GetConfirmedBlocks,
+    GetConfirmedSignaturesForAddress,
+    GetConfirmedTransaction,
    GetEpochInfo,
    GetEpochSchedule,
    GetGenesisHash,
    GetIdentity,
    GetInflation,
+    GetLargestAccounts,
    GetLeaderSchedule,
-    GetNumBlocksSinceSignatureConfirmation,
    GetProgramAccounts,
    GetRecentBlockhash,
    GetFeeCalculatorForBlockhash,
    GetFeeRateGovernor,
-    GetSignatureStatus,
+    GetSignatureStatuses,
    GetSlot,
    GetSlotLeader,
    GetStorageTurn,
    GetStorageTurnRate,
    GetSlotsPerSegment,
    GetStoragePubkeysForSlot,
+    GetSupply,
+    GetTotalSupply,
    GetTransactionCount,
    GetVersion,
    GetVoteAccounts,
    RegisterNode,
    RequestAirdrop,
    SendTransaction,
+    SimulateTransaction,
    SignVote,
    GetMinimumBalanceForRentExemption,
    MinimumLedgerSlot,
 }

-impl RpcRequest {
-    pub(crate) fn build_request_json(&self, id: u64, params: Value) -> Value {
-        let jsonrpc = "2.0";
+impl fmt::Display for RpcRequest {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
        let method = match self {
-            RpcRequest::ConfirmTransaction => "confirmTransaction",
            RpcRequest::DeregisterNode => "deregisterNode",
            RpcRequest::ValidatorExit => "validatorExit",
            RpcRequest::GetAccountInfo => "getAccountInfo",
@@ -54,40 +57,55 @@ impl RpcRequest {
            RpcRequest::GetClusterNodes => "getClusterNodes",
            RpcRequest::GetConfirmedBlock => "getConfirmedBlock",
            RpcRequest::GetConfirmedBlocks => "getConfirmedBlocks",
+            RpcRequest::GetConfirmedSignaturesForAddress => "getConfirmedSignaturesForAddress",
+            RpcRequest::GetConfirmedTransaction => "getConfirmedTransaction",
            RpcRequest::GetEpochInfo => "getEpochInfo",
            RpcRequest::GetEpochSchedule => "getEpochSchedule",
            RpcRequest::GetGenesisHash => "getGenesisHash",
            RpcRequest::GetIdentity => "getIdentity",
            RpcRequest::GetInflation => "getInflation",
+            RpcRequest::GetLargestAccounts => "getLargestAccounts",
            RpcRequest::GetLeaderSchedule => "getLeaderSchedule",
-            RpcRequest::GetNumBlocksSinceSignatureConfirmation => {
-                "getNumBlocksSinceSignatureConfirmation"
-            }
            RpcRequest::GetProgramAccounts => "getProgramAccounts",
            RpcRequest::GetRecentBlockhash => "getRecentBlockhash",
            RpcRequest::GetFeeCalculatorForBlockhash => "getFeeCalculatorForBlockhash",
            RpcRequest::GetFeeRateGovernor => "getFeeRateGovernor",
-            RpcRequest::GetSignatureStatus => "getSignatureStatus",
+            RpcRequest::GetSignatureStatuses => "getSignatureStatuses",
            RpcRequest::GetSlot => "getSlot",
            RpcRequest::GetSlotLeader => "getSlotLeader",
            RpcRequest::GetStorageTurn => "getStorageTurn",
            RpcRequest::GetStorageTurnRate => "getStorageTurnRate",
            RpcRequest::GetSlotsPerSegment => "getSlotsPerSegment",
            RpcRequest::GetStoragePubkeysForSlot => "getStoragePubkeysForSlot",
+            RpcRequest::GetSupply => "getSupply",
+            RpcRequest::GetTotalSupply => "getTotalSupply",
            RpcRequest::GetTransactionCount => "getTransactionCount",
            RpcRequest::GetVersion => "getVersion",
            RpcRequest::GetVoteAccounts => "getVoteAccounts",
            RpcRequest::RegisterNode => "registerNode",
            RpcRequest::RequestAirdrop => "requestAirdrop",
            RpcRequest::SendTransaction => "sendTransaction",
+            RpcRequest::SimulateTransaction => "simulateTransaction",
            RpcRequest::SignVote => "signVote",
            RpcRequest::GetMinimumBalanceForRentExemption => "getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption",
            RpcRequest::MinimumLedgerSlot => "minimumLedgerSlot",
        };
+
+        write!(f, "{}", method)
+    }
+}
+
+pub const NUM_LARGEST_ACCOUNTS: usize = 20;
+pub const MAX_GET_SIGNATURE_STATUSES_QUERY_ITEMS: usize = 256;
+pub const MAX_GET_CONFIRMED_SIGNATURES_FOR_ADDRESS_SLOT_RANGE: u64 = 10_000;
+
+impl RpcRequest {
+    pub(crate) fn build_request_json(self, id: u64, params: Value) -> Value {
+        let jsonrpc = "2.0";
        json!({
           "jsonrpc": jsonrpc,
           "id": id,
-           "method": method,
+           "method": format!("{}", self),
           "params": params,
        })
    }
--- a/client/src/rpc_response.rs
+++ b/client/src/rpc_response.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 use crate::{client_error, rpc_request::RpcError};
-use bincode::serialize;
 use solana_sdk::{
    account::Account,
    clock::{Epoch, Slot},
    fee_calculator::{FeeCalculator, FeeRateGovernor},
-    message::MessageHeader,
    pubkey::Pubkey,
-    transaction::{Result, Transaction},
+    transaction::{Result, TransactionError},
 };
 use std::{collections::HashMap, net::SocketAddr, str::FromStr};

@@ -30,126 +28,6 @@ pub struct RpcBlockCommitment<T> {
    pub total_stake: u64,
 }

-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-pub struct RpcReward {
-    pub pubkey: String,
-    pub lamports: i64,
-}
-
-pub type RpcRewards = Vec<RpcReward>;
-
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RpcConfirmedBlock {
-    pub previous_blockhash: String,
-    pub blockhash: String,
-    pub parent_slot: Slot,
-    pub transactions: Vec<RpcTransactionWithStatusMeta>,
-    pub rewards: RpcRewards,
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RpcTransactionWithStatusMeta {
-    pub transaction: RpcEncodedTransaction,
-    pub meta: Option<RpcTransactionStatusMeta>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub enum RpcTransactionEncoding {
-    Binary,
-    Json,
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase", untagged)]
-pub enum RpcEncodedTransaction {
-    Binary(String),
-    Json(RpcTransaction),
-}
-
-impl RpcEncodedTransaction {
-    pub fn encode(transaction: Transaction, encoding: RpcTransactionEncoding) -> Self {
-        if encoding == RpcTransactionEncoding::Json {
-            RpcEncodedTransaction::Json(RpcTransaction {
-                signatures: transaction
-                    .signatures
-                    .iter()
-                    .map(|sig| sig.to_string())
-                    .collect(),
-                message: RpcMessage {
-                    header: transaction.message.header,
-                    account_keys: transaction
-                        .message
-                        .account_keys
-                        .iter()
-                        .map(|pubkey| pubkey.to_string())
-                        .collect(),
-                    recent_blockhash: transaction.message.recent_blockhash.to_string(),
-                    instructions: transaction
-                        .message
-                        .instructions
-                        .iter()
-                        .map(|instruction| RpcCompiledInstruction {
-                            program_id_index: instruction.program_id_index,
-                            accounts: instruction.accounts.clone(),
-                            data: bs58::encode(instruction.data.clone()).into_string(),
-                        })
-                        .collect(),
-                },
-            })
-        } else {
-            RpcEncodedTransaction::Binary(
-                bs58::encode(serialize(&transaction).unwrap()).into_string(),
-            )
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// A duplicate representation of a Transaction for pretty JSON serialization
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RpcTransaction {
-    pub signatures: Vec<String>,
-    pub message: RpcMessage,
-}
-
-/// A duplicate representation of a Message for pretty JSON serialization
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RpcMessage {
-    pub header: MessageHeader,
-    pub account_keys: Vec<String>,
-    pub recent_blockhash: String,
-    pub instructions: Vec<RpcCompiledInstruction>,
-}
-
-/// A duplicate representation of a Message for pretty JSON serialization
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RpcCompiledInstruction {
-    pub program_id_index: u8,
-    pub accounts: Vec<u8>,
-    pub data: String,
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RpcTransactionStatusMeta {
-    pub status: Result<()>,
-    pub fee: u64,
-    pub pre_balances: Vec<u64>,
-    pub post_balances: Vec<u64>,
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
-#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
-pub struct RpcTransactionStatus {
-    pub slot: Slot,
-    pub status: Result<()>,
-}
-
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct RpcBlockhashFeeCalculator {
@@ -176,6 +54,12 @@ pub struct RpcKeyedAccount {
    pub account: RpcAccount,
 }

+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RpcSignatureResult {
+    pub err: Option<TransactionError>,
+}
+
 /// A duplicate representation of a Message for pretty JSON serialization
 #[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug)]
 #[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
@@ -224,6 +108,8 @@ pub struct RpcContactInfo {
    pub tpu: Option<SocketAddr>,
    /// JSON RPC port
    pub rpc: Option<SocketAddr>,
+    /// Software version
+    pub version: Option<String>,
 }

 /// Map of leader base58 identity pubkeys to the slot indices relative to the first epoch slot
@@ -308,3 +194,19 @@ pub struct RpcStorageTurn {
    pub blockhash: String,
    pub slot: Slot,
 }
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RpcAccountBalance {
+    pub address: String,
+    pub lamports: u64,
+}
+
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Clone, Debug)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "camelCase")]
+pub struct RpcSupply {
+    pub total: u64,
+    pub circulating: u64,
+    pub non_circulating: u64,
+    pub non_circulating_accounts: Vec<String>,
+}
--- a/client/src/thin_client.rs
+++ b/client/src/thin_client.rs
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ impl SyncClient for ThinClient {
    ) -> TransportResult<Option<transaction::Result<()>>> {
        let status = self
            .rpc_client()
-            .get_signature_status(&signature.to_string())
+            .get_signature_status(&signature)
            .map_err(|err| {
                io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::Other,
@@ -488,7 +488,7 @@ impl SyncClient for ThinClient {
    ) -> TransportResult<Option<transaction::Result<()>>> {
        let status = self
            .rpc_client()
-            .get_signature_status_with_commitment(&signature.to_string(), commitment_config)
+            .get_signature_status_with_commitment(&signature, commitment_config)
            .map_err(|err| {
                io::Error::new(
                    io::ErrorKind::Other,
--- a/core/Cargo.toml
+++ b/core/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 [package]
 name = "solana-core"
 description = "Blockchain, Rebuilt for Scale"
-version = "1.0.9"
+version = "1.1.15"
 documentation = "https://docs.rs/solana"
 homepage = "https://solana.com/"
 readme = "../README.md"
@@ -17,65 +17,67 @@ codecov = { repository = "solana-labs/solana", branch = "master", service = "git
 bincode = "1.2.1"
 bv = { version = "0.11.1", features = ["serde"] }
 bs58 = "0.3.0"
-byteorder = "1.3.2"
-chrono = { version = "0.4.10", features = ["serde"] }
-compression = "0.1.5"
+byteorder = "1.3.4"
+chrono = { version = "0.4.11", features = ["serde"] }
 core_affinity = "0.5.10"
-crossbeam-channel = "0.3"
+crossbeam-channel = "0.4"
 fs_extra = "1.1.0"
+flate2 = "1.0"
 indexmap = "1.3"
-itertools = "0.8.2"
+itertools = "0.9.0"
 jsonrpc-core = "14.0.5"
 jsonrpc-core-client = { version = "14.0.5", features = ["ws"] }
 jsonrpc-derive = "14.0.5"
 jsonrpc-http-server = "14.0.6"
 jsonrpc-pubsub = "14.0.6"
 jsonrpc-ws-server = "14.0.6"
-libc = "0.2.66"
 log = "0.4.8"
-nix = "0.17.0"
 num_cpus = "1.0.0"
 num-traits = "0.2"
-rand = "0.6.5"
-rand_chacha = "0.1.1"
-rayon = "1.2.0"
-regex = "1.3.4"
-serde = "1.0.104"
+rand = "0.7.0"
+rand_chacha = "0.2.2"
+rayon = "1.3.0"
+regex = "1.3.6"
+serde = "1.0.105"
 serde_derive = "1.0.103"
-serde_json = "1.0.46"
-solana-budget-program = { path = "../programs/budget", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-faucet = { path = "../faucet", version = "1.0.9" }
-ed25519-dalek = "=1.0.0-pre.1"
-solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-merkle-tree = { path = "../merkle-tree", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-measure = { path = "../measure", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-chacha-cuda = { path = "../chacha-cuda", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-stake-program = { path = "../programs/stake", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-storage-program = { path = "../programs/storage", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-vote-program = { path = "../programs/vote", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-vote-signer = { path = "../vote-signer", version = "1.0.9" }
-solana-sys-tuner = { path = "../sys-tuner", version = "1.0.9" }
+serde_json = "1.0.48"
+solana-bpf-loader-program = { path = "../programs/bpf_loader", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-budget-program = { path = "../programs/budget", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-clap-utils = { path = "../clap-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-client = { path = "../client", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-transaction-status = { path = "../transaction-status", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-faucet = { path = "../faucet", version = "1.1.15" }
+ed25519-dalek = "=1.0.0-pre.3"
+solana-ledger = { path = "../ledger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-logger = { path = "../logger", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-merkle-tree = { path = "../merkle-tree", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-metrics = { path = "../metrics", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-measure = { path = "../measure", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-net-utils = { path = "../net-utils", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-chacha-cuda = { path = "../chacha-cuda", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-perf = { path = "../perf", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-runtime = { path = "../runtime", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sdk = { path = "../sdk", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-stake-program = { path = "../programs/stake", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-storage-program = { path = "../programs/storage", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-streamer = { path = "../streamer", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-version = { path = "../version", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-vote-program = { path = "../programs/vote", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-vote-signer = { path = "../vote-signer", version = "1.1.15" }
+solana-sys-tuner = { path = "../sys-tuner", version = "1.1.15" }
 tempfile = "3.1.0"
 thiserror = "1.0"
 tokio = "0.1"
 tokio-codec = "0.1"
 tokio-fs = "0.1"
 tokio-io = "0.1"
-solana-rayon-threadlimit = { path = "../rayon-threadlimit", version = "1.0.9" }
+solana-rayon-threadlimit = { path = "../rayon-threadlimit", version = "1.1.15" }
 trees = "0.2.1"

 [dev-dependencies]
 matches = "0.1.6"
-reqwest = { version = "0.10.1", default-features = false, features = ["blocking", "rustls-tls"] }
-serial_test = "0.3.2"
+reqwest = { version = "0.10.4", default-features = false, features = ["blocking", "rustls-tls", "json"] }
+serial_test = "0.4.0"
 serial_test_derive = "0.4.0"
 systemstat = "0.1.5"

@@ -103,3 +105,6 @@ name = "cluster_info"
 [[bench]]
 name = "chacha"
 required-features = ["chacha"]
+
+[package.metadata.docs.rs]
+targets = ["x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"]
--- a/core/benches/banking_stage.rs
+++ b/core/benches/banking_stage.rs
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ use rayon::prelude::*;
 use solana_core::banking_stage::{create_test_recorder, BankingStage};
 use solana_core::cluster_info::ClusterInfo;
 use solana_core::cluster_info::Node;
-use solana_core::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
-use solana_core::packet::to_packets_chunked;
 use solana_core::poh_recorder::WorkingBankEntry;
 use solana_ledger::blockstore_processor::process_entries;
 use solana_ledger::entry::{next_hash, Entry};
+use solana_ledger::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
 use solana_ledger::{blockstore::Blockstore, get_tmp_ledger_path};
+use solana_perf::packet::to_packets_chunked;
 use solana_perf::test_tx::test_tx;
 use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
 use solana_sdk::genesis_config::GenesisConfig;
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ fn bench_banking(bencher: &mut Bencher, tx_type: TransactionType) {
        let (exit, poh_recorder, poh_service, signal_receiver) =
            create_test_recorder(&bank, &blockstore, None);
        let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(Node::new_localhost().info);
-        let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+        let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
        let _banking_stage = BankingStage::new(
            &cluster_info,
            &poh_recorder,
--- a/core/benches/cluster_info.rs
+++ b/core/benches/cluster_info.rs
@@ -3,13 +3,18 @@
 extern crate test;

 use rand::{thread_rng, Rng};
+use solana_core::broadcast_stage::{broadcast_shreds, get_broadcast_peers};
 use solana_core::cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, Node};
 use solana_core::contact_info::ContactInfo;
+use solana_ledger::shred::{Shred, NONCE_SHRED_PAYLOAD_SIZE};
 use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
 use solana_sdk::timing::timestamp;
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::net::UdpSocket;
-use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::sync::RwLock;
+use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
+    net::UdpSocket,
+    sync::{atomic::AtomicU64, Arc},
+};
 use test::Bencher;

 #[bench]
@@ -20,10 +25,8 @@ fn broadcast_shreds_bench(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
    let mut cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(leader_info.info.clone());
    let socket = UdpSocket::bind("0.0.0.0:0").unwrap();

-    const SHRED_SIZE: usize = 1024;
    const NUM_SHREDS: usize = 32;
-    let shreds = vec![vec![0; SHRED_SIZE]; NUM_SHREDS];
-    let seeds = vec![[0u8; 32]; NUM_SHREDS];
+    let shreds = vec![Shred::new_empty_data_shred(NONCE_SHRED_PAYLOAD_SIZE); NUM_SHREDS];
    let mut stakes = HashMap::new();
    const NUM_PEERS: usize = 200;
    for _ in 0..NUM_PEERS {
@@ -33,10 +36,20 @@ fn broadcast_shreds_bench(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
        stakes.insert(id, thread_rng().gen_range(1, NUM_PEERS) as u64);
    }
    let stakes = Arc::new(stakes);
+    let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
+    let (peers, peers_and_stakes) = get_broadcast_peers(&cluster_info, Some(stakes.clone()));
+    let shreds = Arc::new(shreds);
+    let last_datapoint = Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(0));
    bencher.iter(move || {
        let shreds = shreds.clone();
-        cluster_info
-            .broadcast_shreds(&socket, shreds, &seeds, Some(stakes.clone()))
-            .unwrap();
+        broadcast_shreds(
+            &socket,
+            &shreds,
+            &peers_and_stakes,
+            &peers,
+            &last_datapoint,
+            &mut 0,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
    });
 }
--- a/core/benches/retransmit_stage.rs
+++ b/core/benches/retransmit_stage.rs
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ extern crate test;
 use log::*;
 use solana_core::cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, Node};
 use solana_core::contact_info::ContactInfo;
-use solana_core::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
-use solana_core::packet::to_packets_chunked;
 use solana_core::retransmit_stage::retransmitter;
 use solana_ledger::bank_forks::BankForks;
+use solana_ledger::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
 use solana_ledger::leader_schedule_cache::LeaderScheduleCache;
 use solana_measure::measure::Measure;
+use solana_perf::packet::to_packets_chunked;
 use solana_perf::test_tx::test_tx;
 use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
 use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ fn bench_retransmitter(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
        peer_sockets.push(socket);
    }
    let peer_sockets = Arc::new(peer_sockets);
-    let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+    let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);

    let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(100_000);
    let bank0 = Bank::new(&genesis_config);
--- a/core/benches/shredder.rs
+++ b/core/benches/shredder.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ extern crate test;
 use solana_ledger::entry::{create_ticks, Entry};
 use solana_ledger::shred::{
    max_entries_per_n_shred, max_ticks_per_n_shreds, Shred, Shredder, RECOMMENDED_FEC_RATE,
-    SIZE_OF_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD,
+    SIZE_OF_NONCE_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD,
 };
 use solana_perf::test_tx;
 use solana_sdk::hash::Hash;
@@ -29,10 +29,11 @@ fn make_large_unchained_entries(txs_per_entry: u64, num_entries: u64) -> Vec<Ent
 #[bench]
 fn bench_shredder_ticks(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
    let kp = Arc::new(Keypair::new());
-    let shred_size = SIZE_OF_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD;
+    let shred_size = SIZE_OF_NONCE_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD;
    let num_shreds = ((1000 * 1000) + (shred_size - 1)) / shred_size;
    // ~1Mb
-    let num_ticks = max_ticks_per_n_shreds(1) * num_shreds as u64;
+    let num_ticks =
+        max_ticks_per_n_shreds(1, Some(SIZE_OF_NONCE_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD)) * num_shreds as u64;
    let entries = create_ticks(num_ticks, 0, Hash::default());
    bencher.iter(|| {
        let shredder = Shredder::new(1, 0, RECOMMENDED_FEC_RATE, kp.clone(), 0, 0).unwrap();
@@ -43,10 +44,14 @@ fn bench_shredder_ticks(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
 #[bench]
 fn bench_shredder_large_entries(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
    let kp = Arc::new(Keypair::new());
-    let shred_size = SIZE_OF_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD;
+    let shred_size = SIZE_OF_NONCE_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD;
    let num_shreds = ((1000 * 1000) + (shred_size - 1)) / shred_size;
    let txs_per_entry = 128;
-    let num_entries = max_entries_per_n_shred(&make_test_entry(txs_per_entry), num_shreds as u64);
+    let num_entries = max_entries_per_n_shred(
+        &make_test_entry(txs_per_entry),
+        num_shreds as u64,
+        Some(shred_size),
+    );
    let entries = make_large_unchained_entries(txs_per_entry, num_entries);
    // 1Mb
    bencher.iter(|| {
@@ -58,10 +63,10 @@ fn bench_shredder_large_entries(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
 #[bench]
 fn bench_deshredder(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
    let kp = Arc::new(Keypair::new());
-    let shred_size = SIZE_OF_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD;
+    let shred_size = SIZE_OF_NONCE_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD;
    // ~10Mb
    let num_shreds = ((10000 * 1000) + (shred_size - 1)) / shred_size;
-    let num_ticks = max_ticks_per_n_shreds(1) * num_shreds as u64;
+    let num_ticks = max_ticks_per_n_shreds(1, Some(shred_size)) * num_shreds as u64;
    let entries = create_ticks(num_ticks, 0, Hash::default());
    let shredder = Shredder::new(1, 0, RECOMMENDED_FEC_RATE, kp, 0, 0).unwrap();
    let data_shreds = shredder.entries_to_shreds(&entries, true, 0).0;
@@ -73,7 +78,7 @@ fn bench_deshredder(bencher: &mut Bencher) {

 #[bench]
 fn bench_deserialize_hdr(bencher: &mut Bencher) {
-    let data = vec![0; SIZE_OF_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD];
+    let data = vec![0; SIZE_OF_NONCE_DATA_SHRED_PAYLOAD];

    let shred = Shred::new_from_data(2, 1, 1, Some(&data), true, true, 0, 0, 1);

--- a/core/benches/sigverify_stage.rs
+++ b/core/benches/sigverify_stage.rs
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ extern crate test;
 use crossbeam_channel::unbounded;
 use log::*;
 use rand::{thread_rng, Rng};
-use solana_core::packet::to_packets_chunked;
 use solana_core::sigverify::TransactionSigVerifier;
 use solana_core::sigverify_stage::SigVerifyStage;
+use solana_perf::packet::to_packets_chunked;
 use solana_perf::test_tx::test_tx;
 use solana_sdk::hash::Hash;
 use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, Signer};
--- a/core/src/accounts_background_service.rs
+++ b/core/src/accounts_background_service.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Service to clean up dead slots in accounts_db
+//
+// This can be expensive since we have to walk the append vecs being cleaned up.
+
+use solana_ledger::bank_forks::BankForks;
+use std::sync::{
+    atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+    Arc, RwLock,
+};
+use std::thread::{self, sleep, Builder, JoinHandle};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+pub struct AccountsBackgroundService {
+    t_background: JoinHandle<()>,
+}
+
+const INTERVAL_MS: u64 = 100;
+
+impl AccountsBackgroundService {
+    pub fn new(bank_forks: Arc<RwLock<BankForks>>, exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>) -> Self {
+        info!("AccountsBackgroundService active");
+        let exit = exit.clone();
+        let t_background = Builder::new()
+            .name("solana-accounts-background".to_string())
+            .spawn(move || loop {
+                if exit.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                let bank = bank_forks.read().unwrap().working_bank();
+
+                bank.process_dead_slots();
+
+                // Currently, given INTERVAL_MS, we process 1 slot/100 ms
+                bank.process_stale_slot();
+
+                sleep(Duration::from_millis(INTERVAL_MS));
+            })
+            .unwrap();
+        Self { t_background }
+    }
+
+    pub fn join(self) -> thread::Result<()> {
+        self.t_background.join()
+    }
+}
--- a/core/src/accounts_hash_verifier.rs
+++ b/core/src/accounts_hash_verifier.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 // hash on gossip. Monitor gossip for messages from validators in the --trusted-validators
 // set and halt the node if a mismatch is detected.

-use crate::cluster_info::ClusterInfo;
+use crate::cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, MAX_SNAPSHOT_HASHES};
 use solana_ledger::{
    snapshot_package::SnapshotPackage, snapshot_package::SnapshotPackageReceiver,
    snapshot_package::SnapshotPackageSender,
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use std::{
    sync::{
        atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
        mpsc::RecvTimeoutError,
-        Arc, RwLock,
+        Arc,
    },
    thread::{self, Builder, JoinHandle},
    time::Duration,
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ impl AccountsHashVerifier {
        snapshot_package_receiver: SnapshotPackageReceiver,
        snapshot_package_sender: Option<SnapshotPackageSender>,
        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &Arc<ClusterInfo>,
        trusted_validators: Option<HashSet<Pubkey>>,
        halt_on_trusted_validators_accounts_hash_mismatch: bool,
        fault_injection_rate_slots: u64,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ impl AccountsHashVerifier {

    fn process_snapshot(
        snapshot_package: SnapshotPackage,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        trusted_validators: &Option<HashSet<Pubkey>>,
        halt_on_trusted_validator_accounts_hash_mismatch: bool,
        snapshot_package_sender: &Option<SnapshotPackageSender>,
@@ -94,6 +94,10 @@ impl AccountsHashVerifier {
            hashes.push((snapshot_package.root, snapshot_package.hash));
        }

+        while hashes.len() > MAX_SNAPSHOT_HASHES {
+            hashes.remove(0);
+        }
+
        if halt_on_trusted_validator_accounts_hash_mismatch {
            let mut slot_to_hash = HashMap::new();
            for (slot, hash) in hashes.iter() {
@@ -107,25 +111,21 @@ impl AccountsHashVerifier {
            if sender.send(snapshot_package).is_err() {}
        }

-        cluster_info
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-            .push_accounts_hashes(hashes.clone());
+        cluster_info.push_accounts_hashes(hashes.clone());
    }

    fn should_halt(
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        trusted_validators: &Option<HashSet<Pubkey>>,
        slot_to_hash: &mut HashMap<Slot, Hash>,
    ) -> bool {
        let mut verified_count = 0;
+        let mut highest_slot = 0;
        if let Some(trusted_validators) = trusted_validators.as_ref() {
            for trusted_validator in trusted_validators {
-                let cluster_info_r = cluster_info.read().unwrap();
-                if let Some(accounts_hashes) =
-                    cluster_info_r.get_accounts_hash_for_node(trusted_validator)
+                let is_conflicting = cluster_info.get_accounts_hash_for_node(trusted_validator, |accounts_hashes|
                {
-                    for (slot, hash) in accounts_hashes {
+                    accounts_hashes.iter().any(|(slot, hash)| {
                        if let Some(reference_hash) = slot_to_hash.get(slot) {
                            if *hash != *reference_hash {
                                error!("Trusted validator {} produced conflicting hashes for slot: {} ({} != {})",
@@ -134,19 +134,29 @@ impl AccountsHashVerifier {
                                    hash,
                                    reference_hash,
                                );
-
-                                return true;
+                                true
                            } else {
                                verified_count += 1;
+                                false
                            }
                        } else {
+                            highest_slot = std::cmp::max(*slot, highest_slot);
                            slot_to_hash.insert(*slot, *hash);
+                            false
                        }
-                    }
+                    })
+                }).unwrap_or(false);
+
+                if is_conflicting {
+                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        inc_new_counter_info!("accounts_hash_verifier-hashes_verified", verified_count);
+        datapoint_info!(
+            "accounts_hash_verifier",
+            ("highest_slot_verified", highest_slot, i64),
+        );
        false
    }

@@ -171,7 +181,7 @@ mod tests {

        let contact_info = ContactInfo::new_localhost(&keypair.pubkey(), 0);
        let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(contact_info);
-        let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+        let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);

        let mut trusted_validators = HashSet::new();
        let mut slot_to_hash = HashMap::new();
@@ -186,8 +196,7 @@ mod tests {
        let hash2 = hash(&[2]);
        {
            let message = make_accounts_hashes_message(&validator1, vec![(0, hash1)]).unwrap();
-            let mut cluster_info_w = cluster_info.write().unwrap();
-            cluster_info_w.push_message(message);
+            cluster_info.push_message(message);
        }
        slot_to_hash.insert(0, hash2);
        trusted_validators.insert(validator1.pubkey());
@@ -197,4 +206,56 @@ mod tests {
            &mut slot_to_hash,
        ));
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_max_hashes() {
+        solana_logger::setup();
+        use std::path::PathBuf;
+        use tempfile::TempDir;
+        let keypair = Keypair::new();
+
+        let contact_info = ContactInfo::new_localhost(&keypair.pubkey(), 0);
+        let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(contact_info);
+        let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
+
+        let trusted_validators = HashSet::new();
+        let exit = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+        let mut hashes = vec![];
+        for i in 0..MAX_SNAPSHOT_HASHES + 1 {
+            let snapshot_links = TempDir::new().unwrap();
+            let snapshot_package = SnapshotPackage {
+                hash: hash(&[i as u8]),
+                root: 100 + i as u64,
+                slot_deltas: vec![],
+                snapshot_links,
+                tar_output_file: PathBuf::from("."),
+                storages: vec![],
+            };
+
+            AccountsHashVerifier::process_snapshot(
+                snapshot_package,
+                &cluster_info,
+                &Some(trusted_validators.clone()),
+                false,
+                &None,
+                &mut hashes,
+                &exit,
+                0,
+            );
+        }
+        let cluster_hashes = cluster_info
+            .get_accounts_hash_for_node(&keypair.pubkey(), |c| c.clone())
+            .unwrap();
+        info!("{:?}", cluster_hashes);
+        assert_eq!(hashes.len(), MAX_SNAPSHOT_HASHES);
+        assert_eq!(cluster_hashes.len(), MAX_SNAPSHOT_HASHES);
+        assert_eq!(cluster_hashes[0], (101, hash(&[1])));
+        assert_eq!(
+            cluster_hashes[MAX_SNAPSHOT_HASHES - 1],
+            (
+                100 + MAX_SNAPSHOT_HASHES as u64,
+                hash(&[MAX_SNAPSHOT_HASHES as u8])
+            )
+        );
+    }
 }
--- a/core/src/banking_stage.rs
+++ b/core/src/banking_stage.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 //! can do its processing in parallel with signature verification on the GPU.
 use crate::{
    cluster_info::ClusterInfo,
-    packet::{limited_deserialize, Packet, Packets, PACKETS_PER_BATCH},
    poh_recorder::{PohRecorder, PohRecorderError, WorkingBankEntry},
    poh_service::PohService,
 };
@@ -17,7 +16,11 @@ use solana_ledger::{
 };
 use solana_measure::{measure::Measure, thread_mem_usage};
 use solana_metrics::{inc_new_counter_debug, inc_new_counter_info, inc_new_counter_warn};
-use solana_perf::{cuda_runtime::PinnedVec, perf_libs};
+use solana_perf::{
+    cuda_runtime::PinnedVec,
+    packet::{limited_deserialize, Packet, Packets, PACKETS_PER_BATCH},
+    perf_libs,
+};
 use solana_runtime::{
    accounts_db::ErrorCounters,
    bank::{Bank, TransactionBalancesSet, TransactionProcessResult},
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ use std::{
    net::UdpSocket,
    sync::atomic::AtomicBool,
    sync::mpsc::Receiver,
-    sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock},
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
    thread::{self, Builder, JoinHandle},
    time::Duration,
    time::Instant,
@@ -73,7 +76,7 @@ impl BankingStage {
    /// Create the stage using `bank`. Exit when `verified_receiver` is dropped.
    #[allow(clippy::new_ret_no_self)]
    pub fn new(
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &Arc<ClusterInfo>,
        poh_recorder: &Arc<Mutex<PohRecorder>>,
        verified_receiver: CrossbeamReceiver<Vec<Packets>>,
        verified_vote_receiver: CrossbeamReceiver<Vec<Packets>>,
@@ -90,7 +93,7 @@ impl BankingStage {
    }

    fn new_num_threads(
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &Arc<ClusterInfo>,
        poh_recorder: &Arc<Mutex<PohRecorder>>,
        verified_receiver: CrossbeamReceiver<Vec<Packets>>,
        verified_vote_receiver: CrossbeamReceiver<Vec<Packets>>,
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ impl BankingStage {
        // Single thread to generate entries from many banks.
        // This thread talks to poh_service and broadcasts the entries once they have been recorded.
        // Once an entry has been recorded, its blockhash is registered with the bank.
-        let my_pubkey = cluster_info.read().unwrap().id();
+        let my_pubkey = cluster_info.id();
        // Many banks that process transactions in parallel.
        let bank_thread_hdls: Vec<JoinHandle<()>> = (0..num_threads)
            .map(|i| {
@@ -284,12 +287,12 @@ impl BankingStage {
        my_pubkey: &Pubkey,
        socket: &std::net::UdpSocket,
        poh_recorder: &Arc<Mutex<PohRecorder>>,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        buffered_packets: &mut Vec<PacketsAndOffsets>,
        enable_forwarding: bool,
        batch_limit: usize,
        transaction_status_sender: Option<TransactionStatusSender>,
-    ) {
+    ) -> BufferedPacketsDecision {
        let (leader_at_slot_offset, poh_has_bank, would_be_leader) = {
            let poh = poh_recorder.lock().unwrap();
            (
@@ -328,10 +331,7 @@ impl BankingStage {
                    next_leader.map_or((), |leader_pubkey| {
                        let leader_addr = {
                            cluster_info
-                                .read()
-                                .unwrap()
-                                .lookup(&leader_pubkey)
-                                .map(|leader| leader.tpu_forwards)
+                                .lookup_contact_info(&leader_pubkey, |leader| leader.tpu_forwards)
                        };

                        leader_addr.map_or((), |leader_addr| {
@@ -349,13 +349,14 @@ impl BankingStage {
            }
            _ => (),
        }
+        decision
    }

    pub fn process_loop(
        my_pubkey: Pubkey,
        verified_receiver: &CrossbeamReceiver<Vec<Packets>>,
        poh_recorder: &Arc<Mutex<PohRecorder>>,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        recv_start: &mut Instant,
        enable_forwarding: bool,
        id: u32,
@@ -365,8 +366,8 @@ impl BankingStage {
        let socket = UdpSocket::bind("0.0.0.0:0").unwrap();
        let mut buffered_packets = vec![];
        loop {
-            if !buffered_packets.is_empty() {
-                Self::process_buffered_packets(
+            while !buffered_packets.is_empty() {
+                let decision = Self::process_buffered_packets(
                    &my_pubkey,
                    &socket,
                    poh_recorder,
@@ -376,6 +377,11 @@ impl BankingStage {
                    batch_limit,
                    transaction_status_sender.clone(),
                );
+                if decision == BufferedPacketsDecision::Hold {
+                    // If we are waiting on a new bank,
+                    // check the receiver for more transactions/for exiting
+                    break;
+                }
            }

            let recv_timeout = if !buffered_packets.is_empty() {
@@ -1009,20 +1015,18 @@ pub fn create_test_recorder(
 mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use crate::{
-        cluster_info::Node,
-        genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo},
-        packet::to_packets,
-        poh_recorder::WorkingBank,
+        cluster_info::Node, poh_recorder::WorkingBank,
        transaction_status_service::TransactionStatusService,
    };
    use crossbeam_channel::unbounded;
    use itertools::Itertools;
-    use solana_client::rpc_response::{RpcEncodedTransaction, RpcTransactionWithStatusMeta};
    use solana_ledger::{
        blockstore::entries_to_test_shreds,
        entry::{next_entry, Entry, EntrySlice},
+        genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo},
        get_tmp_ledger_path,
    };
+    use solana_perf::packet::to_packets;
    use solana_runtime::bank::HashAgeKind;
    use solana_sdk::{
        instruction::InstructionError,
@@ -1030,6 +1034,7 @@ mod tests {
        system_transaction,
        transaction::TransactionError,
    };
+    use solana_transaction_status::{EncodedTransaction, TransactionWithStatusMeta};
    use std::{sync::atomic::Ordering, thread::sleep};

    #[test]
@@ -1047,7 +1052,7 @@ mod tests {
            let (exit, poh_recorder, poh_service, _entry_receiever) =
                create_test_recorder(&bank, &blockstore, None);
            let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(Node::new_localhost().info);
-            let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+            let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
            let banking_stage = BankingStage::new(
                &cluster_info,
                &poh_recorder,
@@ -1087,7 +1092,7 @@ mod tests {
            let (exit, poh_recorder, poh_service, entry_receiver) =
                create_test_recorder(&bank, &blockstore, Some(poh_config));
            let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(Node::new_localhost().info);
-            let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+            let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
            let banking_stage = BankingStage::new(
                &cluster_info,
                &poh_recorder,
@@ -1150,7 +1155,7 @@ mod tests {
            let (exit, poh_recorder, poh_service, entry_receiver) =
                create_test_recorder(&bank, &blockstore, Some(poh_config));
            let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(Node::new_localhost().info);
-            let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+            let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
            let banking_stage = BankingStage::new(
                &cluster_info,
                &poh_recorder,
@@ -1291,7 +1296,7 @@ mod tests {
                    create_test_recorder(&bank, &blockstore, Some(poh_config));
                let cluster_info =
                    ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(Node::new_localhost().info);
-                let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+                let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);
                let _banking_stage = BankingStage::new_num_threads(
                    &cluster_info,
                    &poh_recorder,
@@ -1975,18 +1980,28 @@ mod tests {
            let confirmed_block = blockstore.get_confirmed_block(bank.slot(), None).unwrap();
            assert_eq!(confirmed_block.transactions.len(), 3);

-            for RpcTransactionWithStatusMeta { transaction, meta } in
+            for TransactionWithStatusMeta { transaction, meta } in
                confirmed_block.transactions.into_iter()
            {
-                if let RpcEncodedTransaction::Json(transaction) = transaction {
+                if let EncodedTransaction::Json(transaction) = transaction {
                    if transaction.signatures[0] == success_signature.to_string() {
-                        assert_eq!(meta.unwrap().status, Ok(()));
+                        let meta = meta.unwrap();
+                        assert_eq!(meta.err, None);
+                        assert_eq!(meta.status, Ok(()));
                    } else if transaction.signatures[0] == ix_error_signature.to_string() {
+                        let meta = meta.unwrap();
                        assert_eq!(
-                            meta.unwrap().status,
+                            meta.err,
+                            Some(TransactionError::InstructionError(
+                                0,
+                                InstructionError::Custom(1)
+                            ))
+                        );
+                        assert_eq!(
+                            meta.status,
                            Err(TransactionError::InstructionError(
                                0,
-                                InstructionError::CustomError(1)
+                                InstructionError::Custom(1)
                            ))
                        );
                    } else {
--- a/core/src/blockstream.rs
+++ b/core/src/blockstream.rs
@@ -1,283 +0,0 @@
-//! The `blockstream` module provides a method for streaming entries out via a
-//! local unix socket, to provide client services such as a block explorer with
-//! real-time access to entries.
-
-use bincode::serialize;
-use chrono::{SecondsFormat, Utc};
-use serde_json::json;
-use solana_ledger::entry::Entry;
-use solana_sdk::{clock::Slot, hash::Hash, pubkey::Pubkey};
-use std::cell::RefCell;
-use std::io::Result;
-use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
-
-pub trait EntryWriter: std::fmt::Debug {
-    fn write(&self, payload: String) -> Result<()>;
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Default)]
-pub struct EntryVec {
-    values: RefCell<Vec<String>>,
-}
-
-impl EntryWriter for EntryVec {
-    fn write(&self, payload: String) -> Result<()> {
-        self.values.borrow_mut().push(payload);
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-impl EntryVec {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        EntryVec {
-            values: RefCell::new(Vec::new()),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn entries(&self) -> Vec<String> {
-        self.values.borrow().clone()
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct EntrySocket {
-    unix_socket: PathBuf,
-}
-
-impl EntryWriter for EntrySocket {
-    #[cfg(not(windows))]
-    fn write(&self, payload: String) -> Result<()> {
-        use std::io::prelude::*;
-        use std::net::Shutdown;
-        use std::os::unix::net::UnixStream;
-
-        const MESSAGE_TERMINATOR: &str = "\n";
-
-        let mut socket = UnixStream::connect(&self.unix_socket)?;
-        socket.write_all(payload.as_bytes())?;
-        socket.write_all(MESSAGE_TERMINATOR.as_bytes())?;
-        socket.shutdown(Shutdown::Write)?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-    #[cfg(windows)]
-    fn write(&self, _payload: String) -> Result<()> {
-        Err(std::io::Error::new(
-            std::io::ErrorKind::Other,
-            "EntryWriter::write() not implemented for windows",
-        ))
-    }
-}
-
-pub trait BlockstreamEvents {
-    fn emit_entry_event(
-        &self,
-        slot: Slot,
-        tick_height: u64,
-        leader_pubkey: &Pubkey,
-        entries: &Entry,
-    ) -> Result<()>;
-    fn emit_block_event(
-        &self,
-        slot: Slot,
-        tick_height: u64,
-        leader_pubkey: &Pubkey,
-        blockhash: Hash,
-    ) -> Result<()>;
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Blockstream<T: EntryWriter> {
-    pub output: T,
-}
-
-impl<T> BlockstreamEvents for Blockstream<T>
-where
-    T: EntryWriter,
-{
-    fn emit_entry_event(
-        &self,
-        slot: Slot,
-        tick_height: u64,
-        leader_pubkey: &Pubkey,
-        entry: &Entry,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let transactions: Vec<Vec<u8>> = serialize_transactions(entry);
-        let stream_entry = json!({
-            "num_hashes": entry.num_hashes,
-            "hash": entry.hash,
-            "transactions": transactions
-        });
-        let json_entry = serde_json::to_string(&stream_entry)?;
-        let payload = format!(
-            r#"{{"dt":"{}","t":"entry","s":{},"h":{},"l":"{:?}","entry":{}}}"#,
-            Utc::now().to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Nanos, true),
-            slot,
-            tick_height,
-            leader_pubkey,
-            json_entry,
-        );
-        self.output.write(payload)?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    fn emit_block_event(
-        &self,
-        slot: Slot,
-        tick_height: u64,
-        leader_pubkey: &Pubkey,
-        blockhash: Hash,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let payload = format!(
-            r#"{{"dt":"{}","t":"block","s":{},"h":{},"l":"{:?}","hash":"{:?}"}}"#,
-            Utc::now().to_rfc3339_opts(SecondsFormat::Nanos, true),
-            slot,
-            tick_height,
-            leader_pubkey,
-            blockhash,
-        );
-        self.output.write(payload)?;
-        Ok(())
-    }
-}
-
-pub type SocketBlockstream = Blockstream<EntrySocket>;
-
-impl SocketBlockstream {
-    pub fn new(unix_socket: &Path) -> Self {
-        Blockstream {
-            output: EntrySocket {
-                unix_socket: unix_socket.to_path_buf(),
-            },
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-pub type MockBlockstream = Blockstream<EntryVec>;
-
-impl MockBlockstream {
-    pub fn new(_: &Path) -> Self {
-        Blockstream {
-            output: EntryVec::new(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn entries(&self) -> Vec<String> {
-        self.output.entries()
-    }
-}
-
-fn serialize_transactions(entry: &Entry) -> Vec<Vec<u8>> {
-    entry
-        .transactions
-        .iter()
-        .map(|tx| serialize(&tx).unwrap())
-        .collect()
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod test {
-    use super::*;
-    use chrono::{DateTime, FixedOffset};
-    use serde_json::Value;
-    use solana_sdk::hash::Hash;
-    use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, Signer};
-    use solana_sdk::system_transaction;
-    use std::collections::HashSet;
-    use std::path::PathBuf;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_serialize_transactions() {
-        let entry = Entry::new(&Hash::default(), 1, vec![]);
-        let empty_vec: Vec<Vec<u8>> = vec![];
-        assert_eq!(serialize_transactions(&entry), empty_vec);
-
-        let keypair0 = Keypair::new();
-        let keypair1 = Keypair::new();
-        let tx0 = system_transaction::transfer(&keypair0, &keypair1.pubkey(), 1, Hash::default());
-        let tx1 = system_transaction::transfer(&keypair1, &keypair0.pubkey(), 2, Hash::default());
-        let serialized_tx0 = serialize(&tx0).unwrap();
-        let serialized_tx1 = serialize(&tx1).unwrap();
-        let entry = Entry::new(&Hash::default(), 1, vec![tx0, tx1]);
-        assert_eq!(
-            serialize_transactions(&entry),
-            vec![serialized_tx0, serialized_tx1]
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_blockstream() -> () {
-        let blockstream = MockBlockstream::new(&PathBuf::from("test_stream"));
-        let ticks_per_slot = 5;
-
-        let mut blockhash = Hash::default();
-        let mut entries = Vec::new();
-        let mut expected_entries = Vec::new();
-
-        let tick_height_initial = 1;
-        let tick_height_final = tick_height_initial + ticks_per_slot + 2;
-        let mut curr_slot = 0;
-        let leader_pubkey = Pubkey::new_rand();
-
-        for tick_height in tick_height_initial..=tick_height_final {
-            if tick_height == 5 {
-                blockstream
-                    .emit_block_event(curr_slot, tick_height, &leader_pubkey, blockhash)
-                    .unwrap();
-                curr_slot += 1;
-            }
-            let entry = Entry::new(&mut blockhash, 1, vec![]); // just ticks
-            blockhash = entry.hash;
-            blockstream
-                .emit_entry_event(curr_slot, tick_height, &leader_pubkey, &entry)
-                .unwrap();
-            expected_entries.push(entry.clone());
-            entries.push(entry);
-        }
-
-        assert_eq!(
-            blockstream.entries().len() as u64,
-            // one entry per tick (1..=N+2) is +3, plus one block
-            ticks_per_slot + 3 + 1
-        );
-
-        let mut j = 0;
-        let mut matched_entries = 0;
-        let mut matched_slots = HashSet::new();
-        let mut matched_blocks = HashSet::new();
-
-        for item in blockstream.entries() {
-            let json: Value = serde_json::from_str(&item).unwrap();
-            let dt_str = json["dt"].as_str().unwrap();
-
-            // Ensure `ts` field parses as valid DateTime
-            let _dt: DateTime<FixedOffset> = DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339(dt_str).unwrap();
-
-            let item_type = json["t"].as_str().unwrap();
-            match item_type {
-                "block" => {
-                    let hash = json["hash"].to_string();
-                    matched_blocks.insert(hash);
-                }
-
-                "entry" => {
-                    let slot = json["s"].as_u64().unwrap();
-                    matched_slots.insert(slot);
-                    let entry_obj = json["entry"].clone();
-                    let entry: Entry = serde_json::from_value(entry_obj).unwrap();
-
-                    assert_eq!(entry, expected_entries[j]);
-                    matched_entries += 1;
-                    j += 1;
-                }
-
-                _ => {
-                    assert!(false, "unknown item type {}", item);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        assert_eq!(matched_entries, expected_entries.len());
-        assert_eq!(matched_slots.len(), 2);
-        assert_eq!(matched_blocks.len(), 1);
-    }
-}
--- a/core/src/blockstream_service.rs
+++ b/core/src/blockstream_service.rs
@@ -1,228 +0,0 @@
-//! The `blockstream_service` implements optional streaming of entries and block metadata
-//! using the `blockstream` module, providing client services such as a block explorer with
-//! real-time access to entries.
-
-use crate::blockstream::BlockstreamEvents;
-#[cfg(test)]
-use crate::blockstream::MockBlockstream as Blockstream;
-#[cfg(not(test))]
-use crate::blockstream::SocketBlockstream as Blockstream;
-use crate::result::{Error, Result};
-use solana_ledger::blockstore::Blockstore;
-use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
-use std::path::Path;
-use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
-use std::sync::mpsc::{Receiver, RecvTimeoutError};
-use std::sync::Arc;
-use std::thread::{self, Builder, JoinHandle};
-use std::time::Duration;
-
-pub struct BlockstreamService {
-    t_blockstream: JoinHandle<()>,
-}
-
-impl BlockstreamService {
-    #[allow(clippy::new_ret_no_self)]
-    pub fn new(
-        slot_full_receiver: Receiver<(u64, Pubkey)>,
-        blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>,
-        unix_socket: &Path,
-        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
-    ) -> Self {
-        let mut blockstream = Blockstream::new(unix_socket);
-        let exit = exit.clone();
-        let t_blockstream = Builder::new()
-            .name("solana-blockstream".to_string())
-            .spawn(move || loop {
-                if exit.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
-                    break;
-                }
-                if let Err(e) =
-                    Self::process_entries(&slot_full_receiver, &blockstore, &mut blockstream)
-                {
-                    match e {
-                        Error::RecvTimeoutError(RecvTimeoutError::Disconnected) => break,
-                        Error::RecvTimeoutError(RecvTimeoutError::Timeout) => (),
-                        _ => info!("Error from process_entries: {:?}", e),
-                    }
-                }
-            })
-            .unwrap();
-        Self { t_blockstream }
-    }
-    fn process_entries(
-        slot_full_receiver: &Receiver<(u64, Pubkey)>,
-        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
-        blockstream: &mut Blockstream,
-    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let timeout = Duration::new(1, 0);
-        let (slot, slot_leader) = slot_full_receiver.recv_timeout(timeout)?;
-
-        // Slot might not exist due to LedgerCleanupService, check first
-        let blockstore_meta = blockstore.meta(slot).unwrap();
-        if let Some(blockstore_meta) = blockstore_meta {
-            // Return error to main loop. Thread won't exit, will just log the error
-            let entries = blockstore.get_slot_entries(slot, 0, None)?;
-            let _parent_slot = if slot == 0 {
-                None
-            } else {
-                Some(blockstore_meta.parent_slot)
-            };
-            let ticks_per_slot = entries.iter().filter(|entry| entry.is_tick()).count() as u64;
-            let mut tick_height = ticks_per_slot * slot;
-
-            for (i, entry) in entries.iter().enumerate() {
-                if entry.is_tick() {
-                    tick_height += 1;
-                }
-                blockstream
-                    .emit_entry_event(slot, tick_height, &slot_leader, &entry)
-                    .unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-                        debug!("Blockstream error: {:?}, {:?}", e, blockstream.output);
-                    });
-                if i == entries.len() - 1 {
-                    blockstream
-                        .emit_block_event(slot, tick_height, &slot_leader, entry.hash)
-                        .unwrap_or_else(|e| {
-                            debug!("Blockstream error: {:?}, {:?}", e, blockstream.output);
-                        });
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        Ok(())
-    }
-
-    pub fn join(self) -> thread::Result<()> {
-        self.t_blockstream.join()
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod test {
-    use super::*;
-    use crate::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
-    use bincode::{deserialize, serialize};
-    use chrono::{DateTime, FixedOffset};
-    use serde_json::Value;
-    use solana_ledger::create_new_tmp_ledger;
-    use solana_ledger::entry::{create_ticks, Entry};
-    use solana_sdk::hash::Hash;
-    use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, Signer};
-    use solana_sdk::system_transaction;
-    use std::path::PathBuf;
-    use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_blockstream_service_process_entries() {
-        let ticks_per_slot = 5;
-        let leader_pubkey = Pubkey::new_rand();
-
-        // Set up genesis config and blockstore
-        let GenesisConfigInfo {
-            mut genesis_config, ..
-        } = create_genesis_config(1000);
-        genesis_config.ticks_per_slot = ticks_per_slot;
-
-        let (ledger_path, _blockhash) = create_new_tmp_ledger!(&genesis_config);
-        let blockstore = Blockstore::open(&ledger_path).unwrap();
-
-        // Set up blockstream
-        let mut blockstream = Blockstream::new(&PathBuf::from("test_stream"));
-
-        // Set up dummy channel to receive a full-slot notification
-        let (slot_full_sender, slot_full_receiver) = channel();
-
-        // Create entries - 4 ticks + 1 populated entry + 1 tick
-        let mut entries = create_ticks(4, 0, Hash::default());
-
-        let keypair = Keypair::new();
-        let mut blockhash = entries[3].hash;
-        let tx = system_transaction::transfer(&keypair, &keypair.pubkey(), 1, Hash::default());
-        let entry = Entry::new(&mut blockhash, 1, vec![tx]);
-        blockhash = entry.hash;
-        entries.push(entry);
-        let final_tick = create_ticks(1, 0, blockhash);
-        entries.extend_from_slice(&final_tick);
-
-        let expected_entries = entries.clone();
-        let expected_tick_heights = [6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 10];
-
-        blockstore
-            .write_entries(
-                1,
-                0,
-                0,
-                ticks_per_slot,
-                None,
-                true,
-                &Arc::new(Keypair::new()),
-                entries,
-                0,
-            )
-            .unwrap();
-
-        slot_full_sender.send((1, leader_pubkey)).unwrap();
-        BlockstreamService::process_entries(
-            &slot_full_receiver,
-            &Arc::new(blockstore),
-            &mut blockstream,
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(blockstream.entries().len(), 7);
-
-        let (entry_events, block_events): (Vec<Value>, Vec<Value>) = blockstream
-            .entries()
-            .iter()
-            .map(|item| {
-                let json: Value = serde_json::from_str(&item).unwrap();
-                let dt_str = json["dt"].as_str().unwrap();
-                // Ensure `ts` field parses as valid DateTime
-                let _dt: DateTime<FixedOffset> = DateTime::parse_from_rfc3339(dt_str).unwrap();
-                json
-            })
-            .partition(|json| {
-                let item_type = json["t"].as_str().unwrap();
-                item_type == "entry"
-            });
-        for (i, json) in entry_events.iter().enumerate() {
-            let height = json["h"].as_u64().unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(height, expected_tick_heights[i]);
-            let entry_obj = json["entry"].clone();
-            let tx = entry_obj["transactions"].as_array().unwrap();
-            let entry: Entry;
-            if tx.len() == 0 {
-                entry = serde_json::from_value(entry_obj).unwrap();
-            } else {
-                let entry_json = entry_obj.as_object().unwrap();
-                entry = Entry {
-                    num_hashes: entry_json.get("num_hashes").unwrap().as_u64().unwrap(),
-                    hash: serde_json::from_value(entry_json.get("hash").unwrap().clone()).unwrap(),
-                    transactions: entry_json
-                        .get("transactions")
-                        .unwrap()
-                        .as_array()
-                        .unwrap()
-                        .into_iter()
-                        .enumerate()
-                        .map(|(j, tx)| {
-                            let tx_vec: Vec<u8> = serde_json::from_value(tx.clone()).unwrap();
-                            // Check explicitly that transaction matches bincode-serialized format
-                            assert_eq!(
-                                tx_vec,
-                                serialize(&expected_entries[i].transactions[j]).unwrap()
-                            );
-                            deserialize(&tx_vec).unwrap()
-                        })
-                        .collect(),
-                };
-            }
-            assert_eq!(entry, expected_entries[i]);
-        }
-        for json in block_events {
-            let slot = json["s"].as_u64().unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(1, slot);
-            let height = json["h"].as_u64().unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(2 * ticks_per_slot, height);
-        }
-    }
-}
--- a/core/src/broadcast_stage.rs
+++ b/core/src/broadcast_stage.rs
@@ -1,30 +1,51 @@
 //! A stage to broadcast data from a leader node to validators
-use self::broadcast_fake_shreds_run::BroadcastFakeShredsRun;
-use self::fail_entry_verification_broadcast_run::FailEntryVerificationBroadcastRun;
-use self::standard_broadcast_run::StandardBroadcastRun;
-use crate::cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, ClusterInfoError};
-use crate::poh_recorder::WorkingBankEntry;
-use crate::result::{Error, Result};
-use solana_ledger::blockstore::Blockstore;
-use solana_ledger::shred::Shred;
-use solana_ledger::staking_utils;
+use self::{
+    broadcast_fake_shreds_run::BroadcastFakeShredsRun, broadcast_metrics::*,
+    fail_entry_verification_broadcast_run::FailEntryVerificationBroadcastRun,
+    standard_broadcast_run::StandardBroadcastRun,
+};
+use crate::contact_info::ContactInfo;
+use crate::crds_gossip_pull::CRDS_GOSSIP_PULL_CRDS_TIMEOUT_MS;
+use crate::weighted_shuffle::weighted_best;
+use crate::{
+    cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, ClusterInfoError},
+    poh_recorder::WorkingBankEntry,
+    result::{Error, Result},
+};
+use crossbeam_channel::{
+    Receiver as CrossbeamReceiver, RecvTimeoutError as CrossbeamRecvTimeoutError,
+    Sender as CrossbeamSender,
+};
+use solana_ledger::{blockstore::Blockstore, shred::Shred, staking_utils};
+use solana_measure::measure::Measure;
 use solana_metrics::{inc_new_counter_error, inc_new_counter_info};
-use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-use std::net::UdpSocket;
-use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
-use std::sync::mpsc::{channel, Receiver, RecvError, RecvTimeoutError, Sender};
-use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex, RwLock};
-use std::thread::{self, Builder, JoinHandle};
-use std::time::Instant;
-
-pub const NUM_INSERT_THREADS: usize = 2;
+use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
+use solana_sdk::timing::timestamp;
+use solana_sdk::{clock::Slot, pubkey::Pubkey};
+use solana_streamer::sendmmsg::send_mmsg;
+use std::sync::atomic::AtomicU64;
+use std::{
+    collections::HashMap,
+    net::UdpSocket,
+    sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+    sync::mpsc::{channel, Receiver, RecvError, RecvTimeoutError, Sender},
+    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
+    thread::{self, Builder, JoinHandle},
+    time::{Duration, Instant},
+};

 mod broadcast_fake_shreds_run;
+pub(crate) mod broadcast_metrics;
 pub(crate) mod broadcast_utils;
 mod fail_entry_verification_broadcast_run;
 mod standard_broadcast_run;

+pub(crate) const NUM_INSERT_THREADS: usize = 2;
+pub(crate) type RetransmitSlotsSender = CrossbeamSender<HashMap<Slot, Arc<Bank>>>;
+pub(crate) type RetransmitSlotsReceiver = CrossbeamReceiver<HashMap<Slot, Arc<Bank>>>;
+pub(crate) type RecordReceiver = Receiver<(Arc<Vec<Shred>>, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>;
+pub(crate) type TransmitReceiver = Receiver<(TransmitShreds, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>;
+
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
 pub enum BroadcastStageReturnType {
    ChannelDisconnected,
@@ -41,18 +62,20 @@ impl BroadcastStageType {
    pub fn new_broadcast_stage(
        &self,
        sock: Vec<UdpSocket>,
-        cluster_info: Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: Arc<ClusterInfo>,
        receiver: Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>,
+        retransmit_slots_receiver: RetransmitSlotsReceiver,
        exit_sender: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        shred_version: u16,
    ) -> BroadcastStage {
-        let keypair = cluster_info.read().unwrap().keypair.clone();
+        let keypair = cluster_info.keypair.clone();
        match self {
            BroadcastStageType::Standard => BroadcastStage::new(
                sock,
                cluster_info,
                receiver,
+                retransmit_slots_receiver,
                exit_sender,
                blockstore,
                StandardBroadcastRun::new(keypair, shred_version),
@@ -62,6 +85,7 @@ impl BroadcastStageType {
                sock,
                cluster_info,
                receiver,
+                retransmit_slots_receiver,
                exit_sender,
                blockstore,
                FailEntryVerificationBroadcastRun::new(keypair, shred_version),
@@ -71,6 +95,7 @@ impl BroadcastStageType {
                sock,
                cluster_info,
                receiver,
+                retransmit_slots_receiver,
                exit_sender,
                blockstore,
                BroadcastFakeShredsRun::new(keypair, 0, shred_version),
@@ -79,24 +104,24 @@ impl BroadcastStageType {
    }
 }

-type TransmitShreds = (Option<Arc<HashMap<Pubkey, u64>>>, Arc<Vec<Shred>>);
+pub type TransmitShreds = (Option<Arc<HashMap<Pubkey, u64>>>, Arc<Vec<Shred>>);
 trait BroadcastRun {
    fn run(
        &mut self,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        receiver: &Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>,
-        socket_sender: &Sender<TransmitShreds>,
-        blockstore_sender: &Sender<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>,
+        socket_sender: &Sender<(TransmitShreds, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
+        blockstore_sender: &Sender<(Arc<Vec<Shred>>, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
    ) -> Result<()>;
    fn transmit(
-        &self,
-        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<Receiver<TransmitShreds>>>,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        &mut self,
+        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<TransmitReceiver>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        sock: &UdpSocket,
    ) -> Result<()>;
    fn record(
-        &self,
-        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<Receiver<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>>>,
+        &mut self,
+        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<RecordReceiver>>,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
    ) -> Result<()>;
 }
@@ -128,32 +153,34 @@ impl BroadcastStage {
    fn run(
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        receiver: &Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>,
-        socket_sender: &Sender<TransmitShreds>,
-        blockstore_sender: &Sender<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>,
+        socket_sender: &Sender<(TransmitShreds, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
+        blockstore_sender: &Sender<(Arc<Vec<Shred>>, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
        mut broadcast_stage_run: impl BroadcastRun,
    ) -> BroadcastStageReturnType {
        loop {
            let res =
                broadcast_stage_run.run(blockstore, receiver, socket_sender, blockstore_sender);
-            let res = Self::handle_error(res);
+            let res = Self::handle_error(res, "run");
            if let Some(res) = res {
                return res;
            }
        }
    }
-    fn handle_error(r: Result<()>) -> Option<BroadcastStageReturnType> {
+    fn handle_error(r: Result<()>, name: &str) -> Option<BroadcastStageReturnType> {
        if let Err(e) = r {
            match e {
                Error::RecvTimeoutError(RecvTimeoutError::Disconnected)
                | Error::SendError
-                | Error::RecvError(RecvError) => {
+                | Error::RecvError(RecvError)
+                | Error::CrossbeamRecvTimeoutError(CrossbeamRecvTimeoutError::Disconnected) => {
                    return Some(BroadcastStageReturnType::ChannelDisconnected);
                }
-                Error::RecvTimeoutError(RecvTimeoutError::Timeout) => (),
+                Error::RecvTimeoutError(RecvTimeoutError::Timeout)
+                | Error::CrossbeamRecvTimeoutError(CrossbeamRecvTimeoutError::Timeout) => (),
                Error::ClusterInfoError(ClusterInfoError::NoPeers) => (), // TODO: Why are the unit-tests throwing hundreds of these?
                _ => {
                    inc_new_counter_error!("streamer-broadcaster-error", 1, 1);
-                    error!("broadcaster error: {:?}", e);
+                    error!("{} broadcaster error: {:?}", name, e);
                }
            }
        }
@@ -178,8 +205,9 @@ impl BroadcastStage {
    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
    fn new(
        socks: Vec<UdpSocket>,
-        cluster_info: Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: Arc<ClusterInfo>,
        receiver: Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>,
+        retransmit_slots_receiver: RetransmitSlotsReceiver,
        exit_sender: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        broadcast_stage_run: impl BroadcastRun + Send + 'static + Clone,
@@ -189,6 +217,8 @@ impl BroadcastStage {
        let (socket_sender, socket_receiver) = channel();
        let (blockstore_sender, blockstore_receiver) = channel();
        let bs_run = broadcast_stage_run.clone();
+
+        let socket_sender_ = socket_sender.clone();
        let thread_hdl = Builder::new()
            .name("solana-broadcaster".to_string())
            .spawn(move || {
@@ -196,7 +226,7 @@ impl BroadcastStage {
                Self::run(
                    &btree,
                    &receiver,
-                    &socket_sender,
+                    &socket_sender_,
                    &blockstore_sender,
                    bs_run,
                )
@@ -206,13 +236,13 @@ impl BroadcastStage {
        let socket_receiver = Arc::new(Mutex::new(socket_receiver));
        for sock in socks.into_iter() {
            let socket_receiver = socket_receiver.clone();
-            let bs_transmit = broadcast_stage_run.clone();
+            let mut bs_transmit = broadcast_stage_run.clone();
            let cluster_info = cluster_info.clone();
            let t = Builder::new()
                .name("solana-broadcaster-transmit".to_string())
                .spawn(move || loop {
                    let res = bs_transmit.transmit(&socket_receiver, &cluster_info, &sock);
-                    let res = Self::handle_error(res);
+                    let res = Self::handle_error(res, "solana-broadcaster-transmit");
                    if let Some(res) = res {
                        return res;
                    }
@@ -223,13 +253,13 @@ impl BroadcastStage {
        let blockstore_receiver = Arc::new(Mutex::new(blockstore_receiver));
        for _ in 0..NUM_INSERT_THREADS {
            let blockstore_receiver = blockstore_receiver.clone();
-            let bs_record = broadcast_stage_run.clone();
+            let mut bs_record = broadcast_stage_run.clone();
            let btree = blockstore.clone();
            let t = Builder::new()
                .name("solana-broadcaster-record".to_string())
                .spawn(move || loop {
                    let res = bs_record.record(&blockstore_receiver, &btree);
-                    let res = Self::handle_error(res);
+                    let res = Self::handle_error(res, "solana-broadcaster-record");
                    if let Some(res) = res {
                        return res;
                    }
@@ -238,9 +268,68 @@ impl BroadcastStage {
            thread_hdls.push(t);
        }

+        let blockstore = blockstore.clone();
+        let retransmit_thread = Builder::new()
+            .name("solana-broadcaster-retransmit".to_string())
+            .spawn(move || loop {
+                if let Some(res) = Self::handle_error(
+                    Self::check_retransmit_signals(
+                        &blockstore,
+                        &retransmit_slots_receiver,
+                        &socket_sender,
+                    ),
+                    "solana-broadcaster-retransmit-check_retransmit_signals",
+                ) {
+                    return res;
+                }
+            })
+            .unwrap();
+
+        thread_hdls.push(retransmit_thread);
        Self { thread_hdls }
    }

+    fn check_retransmit_signals(
+        blockstore: &Blockstore,
+        retransmit_slots_receiver: &RetransmitSlotsReceiver,
+        socket_sender: &Sender<(TransmitShreds, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
+        let timer = Duration::from_millis(100);
+
+        // Check for a retransmit signal
+        let mut retransmit_slots = retransmit_slots_receiver.recv_timeout(timer)?;
+        while let Ok(new_retransmit_slots) = retransmit_slots_receiver.try_recv() {
+            retransmit_slots.extend(new_retransmit_slots);
+        }
+
+        for (_, bank) in retransmit_slots.iter() {
+            let bank_epoch = bank.get_leader_schedule_epoch(bank.slot());
+            let stakes = staking_utils::staked_nodes_at_epoch(&bank, bank_epoch);
+            let stakes = stakes.map(Arc::new);
+            let data_shreds = Arc::new(
+                blockstore
+                    .get_data_shreds_for_slot(bank.slot(), 0)
+                    .expect("My own shreds must be reconstructable"),
+            );
+
+            if !data_shreds.is_empty() {
+                socket_sender.send(((stakes.clone(), data_shreds), None))?;
+            }
+
+            let coding_shreds = Arc::new(
+                blockstore
+                    .get_coding_shreds_for_slot(bank.slot(), 0)
+                    .expect("My own shreds must be reconstructable"),
+            );
+
+            if !coding_shreds.is_empty() {
+                socket_sender.send(((stakes.clone(), coding_shreds), None))?;
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
    pub fn join(self) -> thread::Result<BroadcastStageReturnType> {
        for thread_hdl in self.thread_hdls.into_iter() {
            let _ = thread_hdl.join();
@@ -249,23 +338,238 @@ impl BroadcastStage {
    }
 }

+fn update_peer_stats(
+    num_live_peers: i64,
+    broadcast_len: i64,
+    last_datapoint_submit: &Arc<AtomicU64>,
+) {
+    let now = timestamp();
+    let last = last_datapoint_submit.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+    if now - last > 1000
+        && last_datapoint_submit.compare_and_swap(last, now, Ordering::Relaxed) == last
+    {
+        datapoint_info!(
+            "cluster_info-num_nodes",
+            ("live_count", num_live_peers, i64),
+            ("broadcast_count", broadcast_len, i64)
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn get_broadcast_peers<S: std::hash::BuildHasher>(
+    cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
+    stakes: Option<Arc<HashMap<Pubkey, u64, S>>>,
+) -> (Vec<ContactInfo>, Vec<(u64, usize)>) {
+    use crate::cluster_info;
+    let mut peers = cluster_info.tvu_peers();
+    let peers_and_stakes = cluster_info::stake_weight_peers(&mut peers, stakes);
+    (peers, peers_and_stakes)
+}
+
+/// broadcast messages from the leader to layer 1 nodes
+/// # Remarks
+pub fn broadcast_shreds(
+    s: &UdpSocket,
+    shreds: &Arc<Vec<Shred>>,
+    peers_and_stakes: &[(u64, usize)],
+    peers: &[ContactInfo],
+    last_datapoint_submit: &Arc<AtomicU64>,
+    send_mmsg_total: &mut u64,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let broadcast_len = peers_and_stakes.len();
+    if broadcast_len == 0 {
+        update_peer_stats(1, 1, last_datapoint_submit);
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    let packets: Vec<_> = shreds
+        .iter()
+        .map(|shred| {
+            let broadcast_index = weighted_best(&peers_and_stakes, shred.seed());
+
+            (&shred.payload, &peers[broadcast_index].tvu)
+        })
+        .collect();
+
+    let mut sent = 0;
+    let mut send_mmsg_time = Measure::start("send_mmsg");
+    while sent < packets.len() {
+        match send_mmsg(s, &packets[sent..]) {
+            Ok(n) => sent += n,
+            Err(e) => {
+                return Err(Error::IO(e));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    send_mmsg_time.stop();
+    *send_mmsg_total += send_mmsg_time.as_us();
+
+    let num_live_peers = num_live_peers(&peers);
+    update_peer_stats(
+        num_live_peers,
+        broadcast_len as i64 + 1,
+        last_datapoint_submit,
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn distance(a: u64, b: u64) -> u64 {
+    if a > b {
+        a - b
+    } else {
+        b - a
+    }
+}
+
+fn num_live_peers(peers: &[ContactInfo]) -> i64 {
+    let mut num_live_peers = 1i64;
+    peers.iter().for_each(|p| {
+        // A peer is considered live if they generated their contact info recently
+        if distance(timestamp(), p.wallclock) <= CRDS_GOSSIP_PULL_CRDS_TIMEOUT_MS {
+            num_live_peers += 1;
+        }
+    });
+    num_live_peers
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
-mod test {
+pub mod test {
    use super::*;
    use crate::cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, Node};
-    use crate::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
-    use solana_ledger::entry::create_ticks;
-    use solana_ledger::{blockstore::Blockstore, get_tmp_ledger_path};
+    use crossbeam_channel::unbounded;
+    use solana_ledger::{
+        blockstore::{make_slot_entries, Blockstore},
+        entry::create_ticks,
+        genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo},
+        get_tmp_ledger_path,
+        shred::{max_ticks_per_n_shreds, Shredder, RECOMMENDED_FEC_RATE},
+    };
    use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
-    use solana_sdk::hash::Hash;
-    use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
-    use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, Signer};
-    use std::path::Path;
-    use std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool;
-    use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
-    use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
-    use std::thread::sleep;
-    use std::time::Duration;
+    use solana_sdk::{
+        hash::Hash,
+        pubkey::Pubkey,
+        signature::{Keypair, Signer},
+    };
+    use std::{
+        path::Path, sync::atomic::AtomicBool, sync::mpsc::channel, sync::Arc, thread::sleep,
+    };
+
+    pub fn make_transmit_shreds(
+        slot: Slot,
+        num: u64,
+        stakes: Option<Arc<HashMap<Pubkey, u64>>>,
+    ) -> (
+        Vec<Shred>,
+        Vec<Shred>,
+        Vec<TransmitShreds>,
+        Vec<TransmitShreds>,
+    ) {
+        let num_entries = max_ticks_per_n_shreds(num, None);
+        let (data_shreds, _) = make_slot_entries(slot, 0, num_entries);
+        let keypair = Arc::new(Keypair::new());
+        let shredder = Shredder::new(slot, 0, RECOMMENDED_FEC_RATE, keypair, 0, 0)
+            .expect("Expected to create a new shredder");
+
+        let coding_shreds = shredder.data_shreds_to_coding_shreds(&data_shreds[0..]);
+        (
+            data_shreds.clone(),
+            coding_shreds.clone(),
+            data_shreds
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|s| (stakes.clone(), Arc::new(vec![s])))
+                .collect(),
+            coding_shreds
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|s| (stakes.clone(), Arc::new(vec![s])))
+                .collect(),
+        )
+    }
+
+    fn check_all_shreds_received(
+        transmit_receiver: &TransmitReceiver,
+        mut data_index: u64,
+        mut coding_index: u64,
+        num_expected_data_shreds: u64,
+        num_expected_coding_shreds: u64,
+    ) {
+        while let Ok((new_retransmit_slots, _)) = transmit_receiver.try_recv() {
+            if new_retransmit_slots.1[0].is_data() {
+                for data_shred in new_retransmit_slots.1.iter() {
+                    assert_eq!(data_shred.index() as u64, data_index);
+                    data_index += 1;
+                }
+            } else {
+                assert_eq!(new_retransmit_slots.1[0].index() as u64, coding_index);
+                for coding_shred in new_retransmit_slots.1.iter() {
+                    assert_eq!(coding_shred.index() as u64, coding_index);
+                    coding_index += 1;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        assert_eq!(num_expected_data_shreds, data_index);
+        assert_eq!(num_expected_coding_shreds, coding_index);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_num_live_peers() {
+        let mut ci = ContactInfo::default();
+        ci.wallclock = std::u64::MAX;
+        assert_eq!(num_live_peers(&[ci.clone()]), 1);
+        ci.wallclock = timestamp() - 1;
+        assert_eq!(num_live_peers(&[ci.clone()]), 2);
+        ci.wallclock = timestamp() - CRDS_GOSSIP_PULL_CRDS_TIMEOUT_MS - 1;
+        assert_eq!(num_live_peers(&[ci]), 1);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_duplicate_retransmit_signal() {
+        // Setup
+        let ledger_path = get_tmp_ledger_path!();
+        let blockstore = Arc::new(Blockstore::open(&ledger_path).unwrap());
+        let (transmit_sender, transmit_receiver) = channel();
+        let (retransmit_slots_sender, retransmit_slots_receiver) = unbounded();
+        let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(100_000);
+        let bank0 = Arc::new(Bank::new(&genesis_config));
+
+        // Make some shreds
+        let updated_slot = 0;
+        let (all_data_shreds, all_coding_shreds, _, _all_coding_transmit_shreds) =
+            make_transmit_shreds(updated_slot, 10, None);
+        let num_data_shreds = all_data_shreds.len();
+        let num_coding_shreds = all_coding_shreds.len();
+        assert!(num_data_shreds >= 10);
+
+        // Insert all the shreds
+        blockstore
+            .insert_shreds(all_data_shreds, None, true)
+            .unwrap();
+        blockstore
+            .insert_shreds(all_coding_shreds, None, true)
+            .unwrap();
+
+        // Insert duplicate retransmit signal, blocks should
+        // only be retransmitted once
+        retransmit_slots_sender
+            .send(vec![(updated_slot, bank0.clone())].into_iter().collect())
+            .unwrap();
+        retransmit_slots_sender
+            .send(vec![(updated_slot, bank0.clone())].into_iter().collect())
+            .unwrap();
+        BroadcastStage::check_retransmit_signals(
+            &blockstore,
+            &retransmit_slots_receiver,
+            &transmit_sender,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        // Check all the data shreds were received only once
+        check_all_shreds_received(
+            &transmit_receiver,
+            0,
+            0,
+            num_data_shreds as u64,
+            num_coding_shreds as u64,
+        );
+    }

    struct MockBroadcastStage {
        blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>,
@@ -277,6 +581,7 @@ mod test {
        leader_pubkey: &Pubkey,
        ledger_path: &Path,
        entry_receiver: Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>,
+        retransmit_slots_receiver: RetransmitSlotsReceiver,
    ) -> MockBroadcastStage {
        // Make the database ledger
        let blockstore = Arc::new(Blockstore::open(ledger_path).unwrap());
@@ -289,21 +594,22 @@ mod test {
        let broadcast_buddy = Node::new_localhost_with_pubkey(&buddy_keypair.pubkey());

        // Fill the cluster_info with the buddy's info
-        let mut cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(leader_info.info.clone());
+        let cluster_info = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(leader_info.info.clone());
        cluster_info.insert_info(broadcast_buddy.info);
-        let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(cluster_info));
+        let cluster_info = Arc::new(cluster_info);

        let exit_sender = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));

        let GenesisConfigInfo { genesis_config, .. } = create_genesis_config(10_000);
        let bank = Arc::new(Bank::new(&genesis_config));

-        let leader_keypair = cluster_info.read().unwrap().keypair.clone();
+        let leader_keypair = cluster_info.keypair.clone();
        // Start up the broadcast stage
        let broadcast_service = BroadcastStage::new(
            leader_info.sockets.broadcast,
            cluster_info,
            entry_receiver,
+            retransmit_slots_receiver,
            &exit_sender,
            &blockstore,
            StandardBroadcastRun::new(leader_keypair, 0),
@@ -326,10 +632,12 @@ mod test {
            let leader_keypair = Keypair::new();

            let (entry_sender, entry_receiver) = channel();
+            let (retransmit_slots_sender, retransmit_slots_receiver) = unbounded();
            let broadcast_service = setup_dummy_broadcast_service(
                &leader_keypair.pubkey(),
                &ledger_path,
                entry_receiver,
+                retransmit_slots_receiver,
            );
            let start_tick_height;
            let max_tick_height;
@@ -348,6 +656,7 @@ mod test {
                        .expect("Expect successful send to broadcast service");
                }
            }
+
            sleep(Duration::from_millis(2000));

            trace!(
@@ -364,6 +673,7 @@ mod test {
            assert_eq!(entries.len(), max_tick_height as usize);

            drop(entry_sender);
+            drop(retransmit_slots_sender);
            broadcast_service
                .broadcast_service
                .join()
--- a/core/src/broadcast_stage/broadcast_fake_shreds_run.rs
+++ b/core/src/broadcast_stage/broadcast_fake_shreds_run.rs
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ impl BroadcastRun for BroadcastFakeShredsRun {
        &mut self,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        receiver: &Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>,
-        socket_sender: &Sender<TransmitShreds>,
-        blockstore_sender: &Sender<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>,
+        socket_sender: &Sender<(TransmitShreds, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
+        blockstore_sender: &Sender<(Arc<Vec<Shred>>, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // 1) Pull entries from banking stage
        let receive_results = broadcast_utils::recv_slot_entries(receiver)?;
@@ -83,26 +83,32 @@ impl BroadcastRun for BroadcastFakeShredsRun {
        }

        let data_shreds = Arc::new(data_shreds);
-        blockstore_sender.send(data_shreds.clone())?;
+        blockstore_sender.send((data_shreds.clone(), None))?;

        // 3) Start broadcast step
        //some indicates fake shreds
-        socket_sender.send((Some(Arc::new(HashMap::new())), Arc::new(fake_data_shreds)))?;
-        socket_sender.send((Some(Arc::new(HashMap::new())), Arc::new(fake_coding_shreds)))?;
+        socket_sender.send((
+            (Some(Arc::new(HashMap::new())), Arc::new(fake_data_shreds)),
+            None,
+        ))?;
+        socket_sender.send((
+            (Some(Arc::new(HashMap::new())), Arc::new(fake_coding_shreds)),
+            None,
+        ))?;
        //none indicates real shreds
-        socket_sender.send((None, data_shreds))?;
-        socket_sender.send((None, Arc::new(coding_shreds)))?;
+        socket_sender.send(((None, data_shreds), None))?;
+        socket_sender.send(((None, Arc::new(coding_shreds)), None))?;

        Ok(())
    }
    fn transmit(
-        &self,
-        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<Receiver<TransmitShreds>>>,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        &mut self,
+        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<TransmitReceiver>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        sock: &UdpSocket,
    ) -> Result<()> {
-        for (stakes, data_shreds) in receiver.lock().unwrap().iter() {
-            let peers = cluster_info.read().unwrap().tvu_peers();
+        for ((stakes, data_shreds), _) in receiver.lock().unwrap().iter() {
+            let peers = cluster_info.tvu_peers();
            peers.iter().enumerate().for_each(|(i, peer)| {
                if i <= self.partition && stakes.is_some() {
                    // Send fake shreds to the first N peers
@@ -119,11 +125,11 @@ impl BroadcastRun for BroadcastFakeShredsRun {
        Ok(())
    }
    fn record(
-        &self,
-        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<Receiver<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>>>,
+        &mut self,
+        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<RecordReceiver>>,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
-        for data_shreds in receiver.lock().unwrap().iter() {
+        for (data_shreds, _) in receiver.lock().unwrap().iter() {
            blockstore.insert_shreds(data_shreds.to_vec(), None, true)?;
        }
        Ok(())
@@ -139,7 +145,7 @@ mod tests {

    #[test]
    fn test_tvu_peers_ordering() {
-        let mut cluster = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(ContactInfo::new_localhost(
+        let cluster = ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(ContactInfo::new_localhost(
            &Pubkey::new_rand(),
            0,
        ));
--- a/core/src/broadcast_stage/broadcast_metrics.rs
+++ b/core/src/broadcast_stage/broadcast_metrics.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+use super::*;
+
+pub(crate) trait BroadcastStats {
+    fn update(&mut self, new_stats: &Self);
+    fn report_stats(&mut self, slot: Slot, slot_start: Instant);
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct BroadcastShredBatchInfo {
+    pub(crate) slot: Slot,
+    pub(crate) num_expected_batches: Option<usize>,
+    pub(crate) slot_start_ts: Instant,
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct ProcessShredsStats {
+    // Per-slot elapsed time
+    pub(crate) shredding_elapsed: u64,
+    pub(crate) receive_elapsed: u64,
+}
+impl ProcessShredsStats {
+    pub(crate) fn update(&mut self, new_stats: &ProcessShredsStats) {
+        self.shredding_elapsed += new_stats.shredding_elapsed;
+        self.receive_elapsed += new_stats.receive_elapsed;
+    }
+    pub(crate) fn reset(&mut self) {
+        *self = Self::default();
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct TransmitShredsStats {
+    pub(crate) transmit_elapsed: u64,
+    pub(crate) send_mmsg_elapsed: u64,
+    pub(crate) get_peers_elapsed: u64,
+    pub(crate) num_shreds: usize,
+}
+
+impl BroadcastStats for TransmitShredsStats {
+    fn update(&mut self, new_stats: &TransmitShredsStats) {
+        self.transmit_elapsed += new_stats.transmit_elapsed;
+        self.send_mmsg_elapsed += new_stats.send_mmsg_elapsed;
+        self.get_peers_elapsed += new_stats.get_peers_elapsed;
+        self.num_shreds += new_stats.num_shreds;
+    }
+    fn report_stats(&mut self, slot: Slot, slot_start: Instant) {
+        datapoint_info!(
+            "broadcast-transmit-shreds-stats",
+            ("slot", slot as i64, i64),
+            (
+                "end_to_end_elapsed",
+                // `slot_start` signals when the first batch of shreds was
+                // received, used to measure duration of broadcast
+                slot_start.elapsed().as_micros() as i64,
+                i64
+            ),
+            ("transmit_elapsed", self.transmit_elapsed as i64, i64),
+            ("send_mmsg_elapsed", self.send_mmsg_elapsed as i64, i64),
+            ("get_peers_elapsed", self.get_peers_elapsed as i64, i64),
+            ("num_shreds", self.num_shreds as i64, i64),
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default, Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct InsertShredsStats {
+    pub(crate) insert_shreds_elapsed: u64,
+    pub(crate) num_shreds: usize,
+}
+impl BroadcastStats for InsertShredsStats {
+    fn update(&mut self, new_stats: &InsertShredsStats) {
+        self.insert_shreds_elapsed += new_stats.insert_shreds_elapsed;
+        self.num_shreds += new_stats.num_shreds;
+    }
+    fn report_stats(&mut self, slot: Slot, slot_start: Instant) {
+        datapoint_info!(
+            "broadcast-insert-shreds-stats",
+            ("slot", slot as i64, i64),
+            (
+                "end_to_end_elapsed",
+                // `slot_start` signals when the first batch of shreds was
+                // received, used to measure duration of broadcast
+                slot_start.elapsed().as_micros() as i64,
+                i64
+            ),
+            (
+                "insert_shreds_elapsed",
+                self.insert_shreds_elapsed as i64,
+                i64
+            ),
+            ("num_shreds", self.num_shreds as i64, i64),
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+// Tracks metrics of type `T` acrosss multiple threads
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub(crate) struct BatchCounter<T: BroadcastStats + Default> {
+    // The number of batches processed across all threads so far
+    num_batches: usize,
+    // Filled in when the last batch of shreds is received,
+    // signals how many batches of shreds to expect
+    num_expected_batches: Option<usize>,
+    broadcast_shred_stats: T,
+}
+
+impl<T: BroadcastStats + Default> BatchCounter<T> {
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub(crate) fn num_batches(&self) -> usize {
+        self.num_batches
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub(crate) struct SlotBroadcastStats<T: BroadcastStats + Default>(HashMap<Slot, BatchCounter<T>>);
+
+impl<T: BroadcastStats + Default> SlotBroadcastStats<T> {
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub(crate) fn get(&self, slot: Slot) -> Option<&BatchCounter<T>> {
+        self.0.get(&slot)
+    }
+    pub(crate) fn update(&mut self, new_stats: &T, batch_info: &Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>) {
+        if let Some(batch_info) = batch_info {
+            let mut should_delete = false;
+            {
+                let slot_batch_counter = self.0.entry(batch_info.slot).or_default();
+                slot_batch_counter.broadcast_shred_stats.update(new_stats);
+                // Only count the ones where `broadcast_shred_batch_info`.is_some(), because
+                // there could potentially be other `retransmit` slots inserted into the
+                // transmit pipeline (signaled by ReplayStage) that are not created by the
+                // main shredding/broadcast pipeline
+                slot_batch_counter.num_batches += 1;
+                if let Some(num_expected_batches) = batch_info.num_expected_batches {
+                    slot_batch_counter.num_expected_batches = Some(num_expected_batches);
+                }
+                if let Some(num_expected_batches) = slot_batch_counter.num_expected_batches {
+                    if slot_batch_counter.num_batches == num_expected_batches {
+                        slot_batch_counter
+                            .broadcast_shred_stats
+                            .report_stats(batch_info.slot, batch_info.slot_start_ts);
+                        should_delete = true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            if should_delete {
+                self.0
+                    .remove(&batch_info.slot)
+                    .expect("delete should be successful");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod test {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[derive(Default)]
+    struct TestStats {
+        sender: Option<Sender<(usize, Slot, Instant)>>,
+        count: usize,
+    }
+
+    impl BroadcastStats for TestStats {
+        fn update(&mut self, new_stats: &TestStats) {
+            self.count += new_stats.count;
+            self.sender = new_stats.sender.clone();
+        }
+        fn report_stats(&mut self, slot: Slot, slot_start: Instant) {
+            self.sender
+                .as_ref()
+                .unwrap()
+                .send((self.count, slot, slot_start))
+                .unwrap()
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_update() {
+        let start = Instant::now();
+        let mut slot_broadcast_stats = SlotBroadcastStats::default();
+        slot_broadcast_stats.update(
+            &TransmitShredsStats {
+                transmit_elapsed: 1,
+                get_peers_elapsed: 1,
+                send_mmsg_elapsed: 1,
+                num_shreds: 1,
+            },
+            &Some(BroadcastShredBatchInfo {
+                slot: 0,
+                num_expected_batches: Some(2),
+                slot_start_ts: start.clone(),
+            }),
+        );
+
+        // Singular update
+        let slot_0_stats = slot_broadcast_stats.0.get(&0).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.num_batches, 1);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.num_expected_batches.unwrap(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.broadcast_shred_stats.transmit_elapsed, 1);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.broadcast_shred_stats.get_peers_elapsed, 1);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.broadcast_shred_stats.send_mmsg_elapsed, 1);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.broadcast_shred_stats.num_shreds, 1);
+
+        slot_broadcast_stats.update(
+            &TransmitShredsStats {
+                transmit_elapsed: 1,
+                get_peers_elapsed: 1,
+                send_mmsg_elapsed: 1,
+                num_shreds: 1,
+            },
+            &None,
+        );
+
+        // If BroadcastShredBatchInfo == None, then update should be ignored
+        let slot_0_stats = slot_broadcast_stats.0.get(&0).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.num_batches, 1);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.num_expected_batches.unwrap(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.broadcast_shred_stats.transmit_elapsed, 1);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.broadcast_shred_stats.get_peers_elapsed, 1);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.broadcast_shred_stats.send_mmsg_elapsed, 1);
+        assert_eq!(slot_0_stats.broadcast_shred_stats.num_shreds, 1);
+
+        // If another batch is given, then total number of batches == num_expected_batches == 2,
+        // so the batch should be purged from the HashMap
+        slot_broadcast_stats.update(
+            &TransmitShredsStats {
+                transmit_elapsed: 1,
+                get_peers_elapsed: 1,
+                send_mmsg_elapsed: 1,
+                num_shreds: 1,
+            },
+            &Some(BroadcastShredBatchInfo {
+                slot: 0,
+                num_expected_batches: None,
+                slot_start_ts: start.clone(),
+            }),
+        );
+
+        assert!(slot_broadcast_stats.0.get(&0).is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_update_multi_threaded() {
+        for round in 0..50 {
+            let start = Instant::now();
+            let slot_broadcast_stats = Arc::new(Mutex::new(SlotBroadcastStats::default()));
+            let num_threads = 5;
+            let slot = 0;
+            let (sender, receiver) = channel();
+            let thread_handles: Vec<_> = (0..num_threads)
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|i| {
+                    let slot_broadcast_stats = slot_broadcast_stats.clone();
+                    let sender = Some(sender.clone());
+                    let test_stats = TestStats { sender, count: 1 };
+                    let mut broadcast_batch_info = BroadcastShredBatchInfo {
+                        slot,
+                        num_expected_batches: None,
+                        slot_start_ts: start.clone(),
+                    };
+                    if i == round % num_threads {
+                        broadcast_batch_info.num_expected_batches = Some(num_threads);
+                    }
+                    Builder::new()
+                        .name("test_update_multi_threaded".to_string())
+                        .spawn(move || {
+                            slot_broadcast_stats
+                                .lock()
+                                .unwrap()
+                                .update(&test_stats, &Some(broadcast_batch_info))
+                        })
+                        .unwrap()
+                })
+                .collect();
+
+            for t in thread_handles {
+                t.join().unwrap();
+            }
+
+            assert!(slot_broadcast_stats.lock().unwrap().0.get(&slot).is_none());
+            let (returned_count, returned_slot, returned_instant) = receiver.recv().unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(returned_count, num_threads);
+            assert_eq!(returned_slot, slot);
+            assert_eq!(returned_instant, returned_instant);
+        }
+    }
+}
--- a/core/src/broadcast_stage/broadcast_utils.rs
+++ b/core/src/broadcast_stage/broadcast_utils.rs
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ pub(super) fn recv_slot_entries(receiver: &Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>) -> Result
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::*;
-    use crate::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
+    use solana_ledger::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
    use solana_sdk::genesis_config::GenesisConfig;
    use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
    use solana_sdk::system_transaction;
--- a/core/src/broadcast_stage/fail_entry_verification_broadcast_run.rs
+++ b/core/src/broadcast_stage/fail_entry_verification_broadcast_run.rs
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ impl BroadcastRun for FailEntryVerificationBroadcastRun {
        &mut self,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        receiver: &Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>,
-        socket_sender: &Sender<TransmitShreds>,
-        blockstore_sender: &Sender<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>,
+        socket_sender: &Sender<(TransmitShreds, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
+        blockstore_sender: &Sender<(Arc<Vec<Shred>>, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        // 1) Pull entries from banking stage
        let mut receive_results = broadcast_utils::recv_slot_entries(receiver)?;
@@ -61,38 +61,44 @@ impl BroadcastRun for FailEntryVerificationBroadcastRun {
        );

        let data_shreds = Arc::new(data_shreds);
-        blockstore_sender.send(data_shreds.clone())?;
+        blockstore_sender.send((data_shreds.clone(), None))?;
        // 3) Start broadcast step
        let bank_epoch = bank.get_leader_schedule_epoch(bank.slot());
        let stakes = staking_utils::staked_nodes_at_epoch(&bank, bank_epoch);

        let stakes = stakes.map(Arc::new);
-        socket_sender.send((stakes.clone(), data_shreds))?;
-        socket_sender.send((stakes, Arc::new(coding_shreds)))?;
+        socket_sender.send(((stakes.clone(), data_shreds), None))?;
+        socket_sender.send(((stakes, Arc::new(coding_shreds)), None))?;
        Ok(())
    }
    fn transmit(
-        &self,
-        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<Receiver<TransmitShreds>>>,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        &mut self,
+        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<TransmitReceiver>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        sock: &UdpSocket,
    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let (stakes, shreds) = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv()?;
-        let all_seeds: Vec<[u8; 32]> = shreds.iter().map(|s| s.seed()).collect();
+        let ((stakes, shreds), _) = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv()?;
        // Broadcast data
-        let all_shred_bufs: Vec<Vec<u8>> = shreds.to_vec().into_iter().map(|s| s.payload).collect();
-        cluster_info
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-            .broadcast_shreds(sock, all_shred_bufs, &all_seeds, stakes)?;
+        let (peers, peers_and_stakes) = get_broadcast_peers(cluster_info, stakes);
+
+        let mut send_mmsg_total = 0;
+        broadcast_shreds(
+            sock,
+            &shreds,
+            &peers_and_stakes,
+            &peers,
+            &Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(0)),
+            &mut send_mmsg_total,
+        )?;
+
        Ok(())
    }
    fn record(
-        &self,
-        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<Receiver<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>>>,
+        &mut self,
+        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<RecordReceiver>>,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let all_shreds = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv()?;
+        let (all_shreds, _) = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv()?;
        blockstore
            .insert_shreds(all_shreds.to_vec(), None, true)
            .expect("Failed to insert shreds in blockstore");
--- a/core/src/broadcast_stage/standard_broadcast_run.rs
+++ b/core/src/broadcast_stage/standard_broadcast_run.rs
@@ -1,53 +1,43 @@
-use super::broadcast_utils::{self, ReceiveResults};
-use super::*;
+use super::{
+    broadcast_utils::{self, ReceiveResults},
+    *,
+};
 use crate::broadcast_stage::broadcast_utils::UnfinishedSlotInfo;
-use solana_ledger::entry::Entry;
-use solana_ledger::shred::{Shred, Shredder, RECOMMENDED_FEC_RATE, SHRED_TICK_REFERENCE_MASK};
-use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
-use solana_sdk::signature::Keypair;
-use solana_sdk::timing::duration_as_us;
+use solana_ledger::{
+    entry::Entry,
+    shred::{Shred, Shredder, RECOMMENDED_FEC_RATE, SHRED_TICK_REFERENCE_MASK},
+};
+use solana_sdk::{pubkey::Pubkey, signature::Keypair, timing::duration_as_us};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::time::Duration;

-#[derive(Default)]
-struct BroadcastStats {
-    // Per-slot elapsed time
-    shredding_elapsed: u64,
-    insert_shreds_elapsed: u64,
-    broadcast_elapsed: u64,
-    receive_elapsed: u64,
-    seed_elapsed: u64,
-}
-
-impl BroadcastStats {
-    fn reset(&mut self) {
-        self.insert_shreds_elapsed = 0;
-        self.shredding_elapsed = 0;
-        self.broadcast_elapsed = 0;
-        self.receive_elapsed = 0;
-        self.seed_elapsed = 0;
-    }
-}
-
 #[derive(Clone)]
-pub(super) struct StandardBroadcastRun {
-    stats: Arc<RwLock<BroadcastStats>>,
+pub struct StandardBroadcastRun {
+    process_shreds_stats: ProcessShredsStats,
+    transmit_shreds_stats: Arc<Mutex<SlotBroadcastStats<TransmitShredsStats>>>,
+    insert_shreds_stats: Arc<Mutex<SlotBroadcastStats<InsertShredsStats>>>,
    unfinished_slot: Option<UnfinishedSlotInfo>,
    current_slot_and_parent: Option<(u64, u64)>,
    slot_broadcast_start: Option<Instant>,
    keypair: Arc<Keypair>,
    shred_version: u16,
+    last_datapoint_submit: Arc<AtomicU64>,
+    num_batches: usize,
 }

 impl StandardBroadcastRun {
    pub(super) fn new(keypair: Arc<Keypair>, shred_version: u16) -> Self {
        Self {
-            stats: Arc::new(RwLock::new(BroadcastStats::default())),
+            process_shreds_stats: ProcessShredsStats::default(),
+            transmit_shreds_stats: Arc::new(Mutex::new(SlotBroadcastStats::default())),
+            insert_shreds_stats: Arc::new(Mutex::new(SlotBroadcastStats::default())),
            unfinished_slot: None,
            current_slot_and_parent: None,
            slot_broadcast_start: None,
            keypair,
            shred_version,
+            last_datapoint_submit: Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(0)),
+            num_batches: 0,
        }
    }

@@ -130,7 +120,7 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
    #[cfg(test)]
    fn test_process_receive_results(
        &mut self,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        sock: &UdpSocket,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        receive_results: ReceiveResults,
@@ -142,6 +132,7 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
        let brecv = Arc::new(Mutex::new(brecv));
        //data
        let _ = self.transmit(&srecv, cluster_info, sock);
+        let _ = self.record(&brecv, blockstore);
        //coding
        let _ = self.transmit(&srecv, cluster_info, sock);
        let _ = self.record(&brecv, blockstore);
@@ -151,8 +142,8 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
    fn process_receive_results(
        &mut self,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
-        socket_sender: &Sender<TransmitShreds>,
-        blockstore_sender: &Sender<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>,
+        socket_sender: &Sender<(TransmitShreds, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
+        blockstore_sender: &Sender<(Arc<Vec<Shred>>, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
        receive_results: ReceiveResults,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let mut receive_elapsed = receive_results.time_elapsed;
@@ -160,11 +151,13 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
        let bank = receive_results.bank.clone();
        let last_tick_height = receive_results.last_tick_height;
        inc_new_counter_info!("broadcast_service-entries_received", num_entries);
-
+        let old_broadcast_start = self.slot_broadcast_start;
+        let old_num_batches = self.num_batches;
        if self.current_slot_and_parent.is_none()
            || bank.slot() != self.current_slot_and_parent.unwrap().0
        {
            self.slot_broadcast_start = Some(Instant::now());
+            self.num_batches = 0;
            let slot = bank.slot();
            let parent_slot = bank.parent_slot();

@@ -179,19 +172,19 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
            self.check_for_interrupted_slot(bank.ticks_per_slot() as u8);

        // 2) Convert entries to shreds and coding shreds
-
        let (shredder, next_shred_index) = self.init_shredder(
            blockstore,
            (bank.tick_height() % bank.ticks_per_slot()) as u8,
        );
-        let mut data_shreds = self.entries_to_data_shreds(
+        let is_last_in_slot = last_tick_height == bank.max_tick_height();
+        let data_shreds = self.entries_to_data_shreds(
            &shredder,
            next_shred_index,
            &receive_results.entries,
-            last_tick_height == bank.max_tick_height(),
+            is_last_in_slot,
        );
-        //Insert the first shred so blockstore stores that the leader started this block
-        //This must be done before the blocks are sent out over the wire.
+        // Insert the first shred so blockstore stores that the leader started this block
+        // This must be done before the blocks are sent out over the wire.
        if !data_shreds.is_empty() && data_shreds[0].index() == 0 {
            let first = vec![data_shreds[0].clone()];
            blockstore
@@ -199,26 +192,56 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
                .expect("Failed to insert shreds in blockstore");
        }
        let last_data_shred = data_shreds.len();
-        if let Some(last_shred) = last_unfinished_slot_shred {
-            data_shreds.push(last_shred);
-        }
        let to_shreds_elapsed = to_shreds_start.elapsed();

        let bank_epoch = bank.get_leader_schedule_epoch(bank.slot());
        let stakes = staking_utils::staked_nodes_at_epoch(&bank, bank_epoch);
        let stakes = stakes.map(Arc::new);
-        let data_shreds = Arc::new(data_shreds);
-        socket_sender.send((stakes.clone(), data_shreds.clone()))?;
-        blockstore_sender.send(data_shreds.clone())?;
-        let coding_shreds = shredder.data_shreds_to_coding_shreds(&data_shreds[0..last_data_shred]);
-        let coding_shreds = Arc::new(coding_shreds);
-        socket_sender.send((stakes, coding_shreds))?;
-        self.update_broadcast_stats(BroadcastStats {
-            shredding_elapsed: duration_as_us(&to_shreds_elapsed),
-            receive_elapsed: duration_as_us(&receive_elapsed),
-            ..BroadcastStats::default()
+
+        // Broadcast the last shred of the interrupted slot if necessary
+        if let Some(last_shred) = last_unfinished_slot_shred {
+            let batch_info = Some(BroadcastShredBatchInfo {
+                slot: last_shred.slot(),
+                num_expected_batches: Some(old_num_batches + 1),
+                slot_start_ts: old_broadcast_start.expect(
+                    "Old broadcast start time for previous slot must exist if the previous slot
+                 was interrupted",
+                ),
+            });
+            let last_shred = Arc::new(vec![last_shred]);
+            socket_sender.send(((stakes.clone(), last_shred.clone()), batch_info.clone()))?;
+            blockstore_sender.send((last_shred, batch_info))?;
+        }
+
+        // Increment by two batches, one for the data batch, one for the coding batch.
+        self.num_batches += 2;
+        let num_expected_batches = {
+            if is_last_in_slot {
+                Some(self.num_batches)
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        };
+        let batch_info = Some(BroadcastShredBatchInfo {
+            slot: bank.slot(),
+            num_expected_batches,
+            slot_start_ts: self
+                .slot_broadcast_start
+                .clone()
+                .expect("Start timestamp must exist for a slot if we're broadcasting the slot"),
        });

+        let data_shreds = Arc::new(data_shreds);
+        socket_sender.send(((stakes.clone(), data_shreds.clone()), batch_info.clone()))?;
+        blockstore_sender.send((data_shreds.clone(), batch_info.clone()))?;
+        let coding_shreds = shredder.data_shreds_to_coding_shreds(&data_shreds[0..last_data_shred]);
+        let coding_shreds = Arc::new(coding_shreds);
+        socket_sender.send(((stakes, coding_shreds.clone()), batch_info.clone()))?;
+        blockstore_sender.send((coding_shreds, batch_info))?;
+        self.process_shreds_stats.update(&ProcessShredsStats {
+            shredding_elapsed: duration_as_us(&to_shreds_elapsed),
+            receive_elapsed: duration_as_us(&receive_elapsed),
+        });
        if last_tick_height == bank.max_tick_height() {
            self.report_and_reset_stats();
            self.unfinished_slot = None;
@@ -227,10 +250,15 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
        Ok(())
    }

-    fn insert(&self, blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>, shreds: Arc<Vec<Shred>>) -> Result<()> {
+    fn insert(
+        &mut self,
+        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
+        shreds: Arc<Vec<Shred>>,
+        broadcast_shred_batch_info: Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>,
+    ) -> Result<()> {
        // Insert shreds into blockstore
        let insert_shreds_start = Instant::now();
-        //The first shred is inserted synchronously
+        // The first shred is inserted synchronously
        let data_shreds = if !shreds.is_empty() && shreds[0].index() == 0 {
            shreds[1..].to_vec()
        } else {
@@ -240,66 +268,80 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
            .insert_shreds(data_shreds, None, true)
            .expect("Failed to insert shreds in blockstore");
        let insert_shreds_elapsed = insert_shreds_start.elapsed();
-        self.update_broadcast_stats(BroadcastStats {
+        let new_insert_shreds_stats = InsertShredsStats {
            insert_shreds_elapsed: duration_as_us(&insert_shreds_elapsed),
-            ..BroadcastStats::default()
-        });
+            num_shreds: shreds.len(),
+        };
+        self.update_insertion_metrics(&new_insert_shreds_stats, &broadcast_shred_batch_info);
        Ok(())
    }

+    fn update_insertion_metrics(
+        &mut self,
+        new_insertion_shreds_stats: &InsertShredsStats,
+        broadcast_shred_batch_info: &Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>,
+    ) {
+        let mut insert_shreds_stats = self.insert_shreds_stats.lock().unwrap();
+        insert_shreds_stats.update(new_insertion_shreds_stats, broadcast_shred_batch_info);
+    }
+
    fn broadcast(
-        &self,
+        &mut self,
        sock: &UdpSocket,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        stakes: Option<Arc<HashMap<Pubkey, u64>>>,
        shreds: Arc<Vec<Shred>>,
+        broadcast_shred_batch_info: Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let seed_start = Instant::now();
-        let seeds: Vec<[u8; 32]> = shreds.iter().map(|s| s.seed()).collect();
-        let seed_elapsed = seed_start.elapsed();
+        trace!("Broadcasting {:?} shreds", shreds.len());
+        // Get the list of peers to broadcast to
+        let get_peers_start = Instant::now();
+        let (peers, peers_and_stakes) = get_broadcast_peers(cluster_info, stakes);
+        let get_peers_elapsed = get_peers_start.elapsed();

        // Broadcast the shreds
-        let broadcast_start = Instant::now();
-        let shred_bufs: Vec<Vec<u8>> = shreds.to_vec().into_iter().map(|s| s.payload).collect();
-        trace!("Broadcasting {:?} shreds", shred_bufs.len());
+        let transmit_start = Instant::now();
+        let mut send_mmsg_total = 0;
+        broadcast_shreds(
+            sock,
+            &shreds,
+            &peers_and_stakes,
+            &peers,
+            &self.last_datapoint_submit,
+            &mut send_mmsg_total,
+        )?;
+        let transmit_elapsed = transmit_start.elapsed();
+        let new_transmit_shreds_stats = TransmitShredsStats {
+            transmit_elapsed: duration_as_us(&transmit_elapsed),
+            get_peers_elapsed: duration_as_us(&get_peers_elapsed),
+            send_mmsg_elapsed: send_mmsg_total,
+            num_shreds: shreds.len(),
+        };

-        cluster_info
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-            .broadcast_shreds(sock, shred_bufs, &seeds, stakes)?;
-
-        let broadcast_elapsed = broadcast_start.elapsed();
-
-        self.update_broadcast_stats(BroadcastStats {
-            broadcast_elapsed: duration_as_us(&broadcast_elapsed),
-            seed_elapsed: duration_as_us(&seed_elapsed),
-            ..BroadcastStats::default()
-        });
+        // Process metrics
+        self.update_transmit_metrics(&new_transmit_shreds_stats, &broadcast_shred_batch_info);
        Ok(())
    }

-    fn update_broadcast_stats(&self, stats: BroadcastStats) {
-        let mut wstats = self.stats.write().unwrap();
-        wstats.receive_elapsed += stats.receive_elapsed;
-        wstats.shredding_elapsed += stats.shredding_elapsed;
-        wstats.insert_shreds_elapsed += stats.insert_shreds_elapsed;
-        wstats.broadcast_elapsed += stats.broadcast_elapsed;
-        wstats.seed_elapsed += stats.seed_elapsed;
+    fn update_transmit_metrics(
+        &mut self,
+        new_transmit_shreds_stats: &TransmitShredsStats,
+        broadcast_shred_batch_info: &Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>,
+    ) {
+        let mut transmit_shreds_stats = self.transmit_shreds_stats.lock().unwrap();
+        transmit_shreds_stats.update(new_transmit_shreds_stats, broadcast_shred_batch_info);
    }

    fn report_and_reset_stats(&mut self) {
-        let stats = self.stats.read().unwrap();
+        let stats = &self.process_shreds_stats;
        assert!(self.unfinished_slot.is_some());
        datapoint_info!(
-            "broadcast-bank-stats",
+            "broadcast-process-shreds-stats",
            ("slot", self.unfinished_slot.unwrap().slot as i64, i64),
            ("shredding_time", stats.shredding_elapsed as i64, i64),
-            ("insertion_time", stats.insert_shreds_elapsed as i64, i64),
-            ("broadcast_time", stats.broadcast_elapsed as i64, i64),
            ("receive_time", stats.receive_elapsed as i64, i64),
-            ("seed", stats.seed_elapsed as i64, i64),
            (
-                "num_shreds",
+                "num_data_shreds",
                i64::from(self.unfinished_slot.unwrap().next_shred_index),
                i64
            ),
@@ -309,8 +351,7 @@ impl StandardBroadcastRun {
                i64
            ),
        );
-        drop(stats);
-        self.stats.write().unwrap().reset();
+        self.process_shreds_stats.reset();
    }
 }

@@ -319,8 +360,8 @@ impl BroadcastRun for StandardBroadcastRun {
        &mut self,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
        receiver: &Receiver<WorkingBankEntry>,
-        socket_sender: &Sender<TransmitShreds>,
-        blockstore_sender: &Sender<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>,
+        socket_sender: &Sender<(TransmitShreds, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
+        blockstore_sender: &Sender<(Arc<Vec<Shred>>, Option<BroadcastShredBatchInfo>)>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
        let receive_results = broadcast_utils::recv_slot_entries(receiver)?;
        self.process_receive_results(
@@ -331,21 +372,21 @@ impl BroadcastRun for StandardBroadcastRun {
        )
    }
    fn transmit(
-        &self,
-        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<Receiver<TransmitShreds>>>,
-        cluster_info: &Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        &mut self,
+        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<TransmitReceiver>>,
+        cluster_info: &ClusterInfo,
        sock: &UdpSocket,
    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let (stakes, shreds) = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv()?;
-        self.broadcast(sock, cluster_info, stakes, shreds)
+        let ((stakes, shreds), slot_start_ts) = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv()?;
+        self.broadcast(sock, cluster_info, stakes, shreds, slot_start_ts)
    }
    fn record(
-        &self,
-        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<Receiver<Arc<Vec<Shred>>>>>,
+        &mut self,
+        receiver: &Arc<Mutex<RecordReceiver>>,
        blockstore: &Arc<Blockstore>,
    ) -> Result<()> {
-        let shreds = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv()?;
-        self.insert(blockstore, shreds)
+        let (shreds, slot_start_ts) = receiver.lock().unwrap().recv()?;
+        self.insert(blockstore, shreds, slot_start_ts)
    }
 }

@@ -353,18 +394,17 @@ impl BroadcastRun for StandardBroadcastRun {
 mod test {
    use super::*;
    use crate::cluster_info::{ClusterInfo, Node};
-    use crate::genesis_utils::create_genesis_config;
+    use solana_ledger::genesis_utils::create_genesis_config;
    use solana_ledger::{
        blockstore::Blockstore, entry::create_ticks, get_tmp_ledger_path,
        shred::max_ticks_per_n_shreds,
    };
    use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
    use solana_sdk::{
-        clock::Slot,
        genesis_config::GenesisConfig,
        signature::{Keypair, Signer},
    };
-    use std::sync::{Arc, RwLock};
+    use std::sync::Arc;
    use std::time::Duration;

    fn setup(
@@ -372,7 +412,7 @@ mod test {
    ) -> (
        Arc<Blockstore>,
        GenesisConfig,
-        Arc<RwLock<ClusterInfo>>,
+        Arc<ClusterInfo>,
        Arc<Bank>,
        Arc<Keypair>,
        UdpSocket,
@@ -385,12 +425,12 @@ mod test {
        let leader_keypair = Arc::new(Keypair::new());
        let leader_pubkey = leader_keypair.pubkey();
        let leader_info = Node::new_localhost_with_pubkey(&leader_pubkey);
-        let cluster_info = Arc::new(RwLock::new(ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(
+        let cluster_info = Arc::new(ClusterInfo::new_with_invalid_keypair(
            leader_info.info.clone(),
-        )));
+        ));
        let socket = UdpSocket::bind("0.0.0.0:0").unwrap();
        let mut genesis_config = create_genesis_config(10_000).genesis_config;
-        genesis_config.ticks_per_slot = max_ticks_per_n_shreds(num_shreds_per_slot) + 1;
+        genesis_config.ticks_per_slot = max_ticks_per_n_shreds(num_shreds_per_slot, None) + 1;
        let bank0 = Arc::new(Bank::new(&genesis_config));
        (
            blockstore,
@@ -462,29 +502,48 @@ mod test {
        // Make sure the slot is not complete
        assert!(!blockstore.is_full(0));
        // Modify the stats, should reset later
-        standard_broadcast_run
-            .stats
-            .write()
-            .unwrap()
-            .receive_elapsed = 10;
-
-        // Try to fetch ticks from blockstore, nothing should break
-        assert_eq!(blockstore.get_slot_entries(0, 0, None).unwrap(), ticks0);
+        standard_broadcast_run.process_shreds_stats.receive_elapsed = 10;
+        // Broadcast stats should exist, and 2 batches should have been sent,
+        // one for data, one for coding
        assert_eq!(
-            blockstore
-                .get_slot_entries(0, num_shreds_per_slot, None)
-                .unwrap(),
+            standard_broadcast_run
+                .transmit_shreds_stats
+                .lock()
+                .unwrap()
+                .get(unfinished_slot.slot)
+                .unwrap()
+                .num_batches(),
+            2
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            standard_broadcast_run
+                .insert_shreds_stats
+                .lock()
+                .unwrap()
+                .get(unfinished_slot.slot)
+                .unwrap()
+                .num_batches(),
+            2
+        );
+        // Try to fetch ticks from blockstore, nothing should break
+        assert_eq!(blockstore.get_slot_entries(0, 0).unwrap(), ticks0);
+        assert_eq!(
+            blockstore.get_slot_entries(0, num_shreds_per_slot).unwrap(),
            vec![],
        );

        // Step 2: Make a transmission for another bank that interrupts the transmission for
        // slot 0
        let bank2 = Arc::new(Bank::new_from_parent(&bank0, &leader_keypair.pubkey(), 2));
-
+        let interrupted_slot = unfinished_slot.slot;
        // Interrupting the slot should cause the unfinished_slot and stats to reset
        let num_shreds = 1;
        assert!(num_shreds < num_shreds_per_slot);
-        let ticks1 = create_ticks(max_ticks_per_n_shreds(num_shreds), 0, genesis_config.hash());
+        let ticks1 = create_ticks(
+            max_ticks_per_n_shreds(num_shreds, None),
+            0,
+            genesis_config.hash(),
+        );
        let receive_results = ReceiveResults {
            entries: ticks1.clone(),
            time_elapsed: Duration::new(2, 0),
@@ -504,16 +563,28 @@ mod test {

        // Check that the stats were reset as well
        assert_eq!(
-            standard_broadcast_run.stats.read().unwrap().receive_elapsed,
+            standard_broadcast_run.process_shreds_stats.receive_elapsed,
            0
        );

+        // Broadcast stats for interrupted slot should be cleared
+        assert!(standard_broadcast_run
+            .transmit_shreds_stats
+            .lock()
+            .unwrap()
+            .get(interrupted_slot)
+            .is_none());
+        assert!(standard_broadcast_run
+            .insert_shreds_stats
+            .lock()
+            .unwrap()
+            .get(interrupted_slot)
+            .is_none());
+
        // Try to fetch the incomplete ticks from blockstore, should succeed
-        assert_eq!(blockstore.get_slot_entries(0, 0, None).unwrap(), ticks0);
+        assert_eq!(blockstore.get_slot_entries(0, 0).unwrap(), ticks0);
        assert_eq!(
-            blockstore
-                .get_slot_entries(0, num_shreds_per_slot, None)
-                .unwrap(),
+            blockstore.get_slot_entries(0, num_shreds_per_slot).unwrap(),
            vec![],
        );
    }
--- a/core/src/cluster_info.rs
+++ b/core/src/cluster_info.rs
--- a/core/src/cluster_info_vote_listener.rs
+++ b/core/src/cluster_info_vote_listener.rs
--- a/core/src/cluster_slots.rs
+++ b/core/src/cluster_slots.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+use crate::{
+    cluster_info::ClusterInfo, contact_info::ContactInfo, epoch_slots::EpochSlots,
+    serve_repair::RepairType,
+};
+use solana_ledger::bank_forks::BankForks;
+use solana_runtime::epoch_stakes::NodeIdToVoteAccounts;
+use solana_sdk::{clock::Slot, pubkey::Pubkey};
+use std::{
+    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+    sync::{Arc, RwLock},
+};
+
+pub type SlotPubkeys = HashMap<Arc<Pubkey>, u64>;
+pub type ClusterSlotsMap = RwLock<HashMap<Slot, Arc<RwLock<SlotPubkeys>>>>;
+
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct ClusterSlots {
+    cluster_slots: ClusterSlotsMap,
+    keys: RwLock<HashSet<Arc<Pubkey>>>,
+    since: RwLock<Option<u64>>,
+    validator_stakes: RwLock<Arc<NodeIdToVoteAccounts>>,
+    epoch: RwLock<Option<u64>>,
+    self_id: RwLock<Pubkey>,
+}
+
+impl ClusterSlots {
+    pub fn lookup(&self, slot: Slot) -> Option<Arc<RwLock<SlotPubkeys>>> {
+        self.cluster_slots.read().unwrap().get(&slot).cloned()
+    }
+    pub fn update(&self, root: Slot, cluster_info: &ClusterInfo, bank_forks: &RwLock<BankForks>) {
+        self.update_peers(cluster_info, bank_forks);
+        let since = *self.since.read().unwrap();
+        let epoch_slots = cluster_info.get_epoch_slots_since(since);
+        self.update_internal(root, epoch_slots);
+    }
+    fn update_internal(&self, root: Slot, epoch_slots: (Vec<EpochSlots>, Option<u64>)) {
+        let (epoch_slots_list, since) = epoch_slots;
+        for epoch_slots in epoch_slots_list {
+            let slots = epoch_slots.to_slots(root);
+            for slot in &slots {
+                if *slot <= root {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let pubkey = Arc::new(epoch_slots.from);
+                let exists = self.keys.read().unwrap().get(&pubkey).is_some();
+                if !exists {
+                    self.keys.write().unwrap().insert(pubkey.clone());
+                }
+                let from = self.keys.read().unwrap().get(&pubkey).unwrap().clone();
+                let balance = self
+                    .validator_stakes
+                    .read()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .get(&from)
+                    .map(|v| v.total_stake)
+                    .unwrap_or(0);
+
+                let mut slot_pubkeys = self.cluster_slots.read().unwrap().get(slot).cloned();
+                if slot_pubkeys.is_none() {
+                    let new_slot_pubkeys = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::default()));
+                    self.cluster_slots
+                        .write()
+                        .unwrap()
+                        .insert(*slot, new_slot_pubkeys.clone());
+                    slot_pubkeys = Some(new_slot_pubkeys);
+                }
+
+                slot_pubkeys
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .write()
+                    .unwrap()
+                    .insert(from.clone(), balance);
+            }
+        }
+        self.cluster_slots.write().unwrap().retain(|x, _| *x > root);
+        self.keys
+            .write()
+            .unwrap()
+            .retain(|x| Arc::strong_count(x) > 1);
+        *self.since.write().unwrap() = since;
+    }
+    pub fn collect(&self, id: &Pubkey) -> HashSet<Slot> {
+        self.cluster_slots
+            .read()
+            .unwrap()
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|(_, keys)| keys.read().unwrap().get(id).is_some())
+            .map(|(slot, _)| slot)
+            .cloned()
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    fn update_peers(&self, cluster_info: &ClusterInfo, bank_forks: &RwLock<BankForks>) {
+        let root_bank = bank_forks.read().unwrap().root_bank().clone();
+        let root_epoch = root_bank.epoch();
+        let my_epoch = *self.epoch.read().unwrap();
+
+        if Some(root_epoch) != my_epoch {
+            let validator_stakes = root_bank
+                .epoch_stakes(root_epoch)
+                .expect(
+                    "Bank must have epoch stakes
+                for its own epoch",
+                )
+                .node_id_to_vote_accounts()
+                .clone();
+
+            *self.validator_stakes.write().unwrap() = validator_stakes;
+            let id = cluster_info.id();
+            *self.self_id.write().unwrap() = id;
+            *self.epoch.write().unwrap() = Some(root_epoch);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn compute_weights(&self, slot: Slot, repair_peers: &[ContactInfo]) -> Vec<(u64, usize)> {
+        let slot_peers = self.lookup(slot);
+        repair_peers
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .map(|(i, x)| {
+                let peer_stake = slot_peers
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .and_then(|v| v.read().unwrap().get(&x.id).cloned())
+                    .unwrap_or(0);
+                (
+                    1 + peer_stake
+                        + self
+                            .validator_stakes
+                            .read()
+                            .unwrap()
+                            .get(&x.id)
+                            .map(|v| v.total_stake)
+                            .unwrap_or(0),
+                    i,
+                )
+            })
+            .collect()
+    }
+
+    pub fn generate_repairs_for_missing_slots(
+        &self,
+        self_id: &Pubkey,
+        root: Slot,
+    ) -> Vec<RepairType> {
+        let my_slots = self.collect(self_id);
+        self.cluster_slots
+            .read()
+            .unwrap()
+            .keys()
+            .filter(|x| **x > root)
+            .filter(|x| !my_slots.contains(*x))
+            .map(|x| RepairType::HighestShred(*x, 0))
+            .collect()
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use solana_runtime::epoch_stakes::NodeVoteAccounts;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_default() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        assert!(cs.cluster_slots.read().unwrap().is_empty());
+        assert!(cs.since.read().unwrap().is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_update_noop() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        cs.update_internal(0, (vec![], None));
+        assert!(cs.cluster_slots.read().unwrap().is_empty());
+        assert!(cs.since.read().unwrap().is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_update_empty() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let epoch_slot = EpochSlots::default();
+        cs.update_internal(0, (vec![epoch_slot], Some(0)));
+        assert_eq!(*cs.since.read().unwrap(), Some(0));
+        assert!(cs.lookup(0).is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_update_rooted() {
+        //root is 0, so it should clear out the slot
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let mut epoch_slot = EpochSlots::default();
+        epoch_slot.fill(&[0], 0);
+        cs.update_internal(0, (vec![epoch_slot], Some(0)));
+        assert_eq!(*cs.since.read().unwrap(), Some(0));
+        assert!(cs.lookup(0).is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_update_new_slot() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let mut epoch_slot = EpochSlots::default();
+        epoch_slot.fill(&[1], 0);
+        cs.update_internal(0, (vec![epoch_slot], Some(0)));
+        assert_eq!(*cs.since.read().unwrap(), Some(0));
+        assert!(cs.lookup(0).is_none());
+        assert!(cs.lookup(1).is_some());
+        assert_eq!(
+            cs.lookup(1)
+                .unwrap()
+                .read()
+                .unwrap()
+                .get(&Pubkey::default()),
+            Some(&0)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_compute_weights() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let ci = ContactInfo::default();
+        assert_eq!(cs.compute_weights(0, &[ci]), vec![(1, 0)]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_best_peer_2() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let mut c1 = ContactInfo::default();
+        let mut c2 = ContactInfo::default();
+        let mut map = HashMap::new();
+        let k1 = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        let k2 = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        map.insert(Arc::new(k1.clone()), std::u64::MAX / 2);
+        map.insert(Arc::new(k2.clone()), 0);
+        cs.cluster_slots
+            .write()
+            .unwrap()
+            .insert(0, Arc::new(RwLock::new(map)));
+        c1.id = k1;
+        c2.id = k2;
+        assert_eq!(
+            cs.compute_weights(0, &[c1, c2]),
+            vec![(std::u64::MAX / 2 + 1, 0), (1, 1)]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_best_peer_3() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let mut c1 = ContactInfo::default();
+        let mut c2 = ContactInfo::default();
+        let mut map = HashMap::new();
+        let k1 = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        let k2 = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        map.insert(Arc::new(k2.clone()), 0);
+        cs.cluster_slots
+            .write()
+            .unwrap()
+            .insert(0, Arc::new(RwLock::new(map)));
+        //make sure default weights are used as well
+        let validator_stakes: HashMap<_, _> = vec![(
+            *Arc::new(k1.clone()),
+            NodeVoteAccounts {
+                total_stake: std::u64::MAX / 2,
+                vote_accounts: vec![Pubkey::default()],
+            },
+        )]
+        .into_iter()
+        .collect();
+        *cs.validator_stakes.write().unwrap() = Arc::new(validator_stakes);
+        c1.id = k1;
+        c2.id = k2;
+        assert_eq!(
+            cs.compute_weights(0, &[c1, c2]),
+            vec![(std::u64::MAX / 2 + 1, 0), (1, 1)]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_update_new_staked_slot() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let mut epoch_slot = EpochSlots::default();
+        epoch_slot.fill(&[1], 0);
+
+        let map = Arc::new(
+            vec![(
+                Pubkey::default(),
+                NodeVoteAccounts {
+                    total_stake: 1,
+                    vote_accounts: vec![Pubkey::default()],
+                },
+            )]
+            .into_iter()
+            .collect(),
+        );
+
+        *cs.validator_stakes.write().unwrap() = map;
+        cs.update_internal(0, (vec![epoch_slot], None));
+        assert!(cs.lookup(1).is_some());
+        assert_eq!(
+            cs.lookup(1)
+                .unwrap()
+                .read()
+                .unwrap()
+                .get(&Pubkey::default()),
+            Some(&1)
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_generate_repairs() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let mut epoch_slot = EpochSlots::default();
+        epoch_slot.fill(&[1], 0);
+        cs.update_internal(0, (vec![epoch_slot], None));
+        let self_id = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        assert_eq!(
+            cs.generate_repairs_for_missing_slots(&self_id, 0),
+            vec![RepairType::HighestShred(1, 0)]
+        )
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_collect_my_slots() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let mut epoch_slot = EpochSlots::default();
+        epoch_slot.fill(&[1], 0);
+        let self_id = epoch_slot.from;
+        cs.update_internal(0, (vec![epoch_slot], None));
+        let slots: Vec<Slot> = cs.collect(&self_id).into_iter().collect();
+        assert_eq!(slots, vec![1]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_generate_repairs_existing() {
+        let cs = ClusterSlots::default();
+        let mut epoch_slot = EpochSlots::default();
+        epoch_slot.fill(&[1], 0);
+        let self_id = epoch_slot.from;
+        cs.update_internal(0, (vec![epoch_slot], None));
+        assert!(cs
+            .generate_repairs_for_missing_slots(&self_id, 0)
+            .is_empty());
+    }
+}
--- a/core/src/commitment.rs
+++ b/core/src/commitment.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+use crate::{consensus::VOTE_THRESHOLD_SIZE, rpc_subscriptions::RpcSubscriptions};
+use solana_ledger::blockstore::Blockstore;
+use solana_measure::measure::Measure;
+use solana_metrics::datapoint_info;
 use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
 use solana_sdk::clock::Slot;
 use solana_vote_program::{vote_state::VoteState, vote_state::MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY};
@@ -10,9 +14,19 @@ use std::{
    time::Duration,
 };

+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct CacheSlotInfo {
+    pub current_slot: Slot,
+    pub node_root: Slot,
+    pub largest_confirmed_root: Slot,
+    pub highest_confirmed_slot: Slot,
+}
+
+pub type BlockCommitmentArray = [u64; MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY + 1];
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct BlockCommitment {
-    pub commitment: [u64; MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY],
+    pub commitment: BlockCommitmentArray,
 }

 impl BlockCommitment {
@@ -25,23 +39,75 @@ impl BlockCommitment {
        assert!(confirmation_count > 0 && confirmation_count <= MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY);
        self.commitment[confirmation_count - 1]
    }
+
+    pub fn increase_rooted_stake(&mut self, stake: u64) {
+        self.commitment[MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY] += stake;
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_rooted_stake(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.commitment[MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY]
+    }
+
    #[cfg(test)]
-    pub(crate) fn new(commitment: [u64; MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY]) -> Self {
+    pub(crate) fn new(commitment: BlockCommitmentArray) -> Self {
        Self { commitment }
    }
 }

-#[derive(Debug, Default)]
 pub struct BlockCommitmentCache {
    block_commitment: HashMap<Slot, BlockCommitment>,
+    largest_confirmed_root: Slot,
    total_stake: u64,
+    bank: Arc<Bank>,
+    blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>,
+    root: Slot,
+    highest_confirmed_slot: Slot,
+}
+
+impl std::fmt::Debug for BlockCommitmentCache {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_struct("BlockCommitmentCache")
+            .field("block_commitment", &self.block_commitment)
+            .field("total_stake", &self.total_stake)
+            .field(
+                "bank",
+                &format_args!("Bank({{current_slot: {:?}}})", self.bank.slot()),
+            )
+            .field("root", &self.root)
+            .finish()
+    }
 }

 impl BlockCommitmentCache {
-    pub fn new(block_commitment: HashMap<Slot, BlockCommitment>, total_stake: u64) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(
+        block_commitment: HashMap<Slot, BlockCommitment>,
+        largest_confirmed_root: Slot,
+        total_stake: u64,
+        bank: Arc<Bank>,
+        blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>,
+        root: Slot,
+        highest_confirmed_slot: Slot,
+    ) -> Self {
        Self {
            block_commitment,
+            largest_confirmed_root,
            total_stake,
+            bank,
+            blockstore,
+            root,
+            highest_confirmed_slot,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn default_with_blockstore(blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            block_commitment: HashMap::default(),
+            largest_confirmed_root: Slot::default(),
+            total_stake: u64::default(),
+            bank: Arc::new(Bank::default()),
+            blockstore,
+            root: Slot::default(),
+            highest_confirmed_slot: Slot::default(),
        }
    }

@@ -49,45 +115,138 @@ impl BlockCommitmentCache {
        self.block_commitment.get(&slot)
    }

+    pub fn largest_confirmed_root(&self) -> Slot {
+        self.largest_confirmed_root
+    }
+
    pub fn total_stake(&self) -> u64 {
        self.total_stake
    }

-    pub fn get_block_with_depth_commitment(
-        &self,
-        minimum_depth: usize,
-        minimum_stake_percentage: f64,
-    ) -> Option<Slot> {
-        self.block_commitment
-            .iter()
-            .filter(|&(_, block_commitment)| {
-                let fork_stake_minimum_depth: u64 = block_commitment.commitment[minimum_depth..]
-                    .iter()
-                    .cloned()
-                    .sum();
-                fork_stake_minimum_depth as f64 / self.total_stake as f64
-                    >= minimum_stake_percentage
-            })
-            .map(|(slot, _)| *slot)
-            .max()
+    pub fn bank(&self) -> Arc<Bank> {
+        self.bank.clone()
    }

-    pub fn get_rooted_block_with_commitment(&self, minimum_stake_percentage: f64) -> Option<u64> {
-        self.get_block_with_depth_commitment(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY - 1, minimum_stake_percentage)
+    pub fn slot(&self) -> Slot {
+        self.bank.slot()
+    }
+
+    pub fn root(&self) -> Slot {
+        self.root
+    }
+
+    pub fn highest_confirmed_slot(&self) -> Slot {
+        self.highest_confirmed_slot
+    }
+
+    fn highest_slot_with_confirmation_count(&self, confirmation_count: usize) -> Slot {
+        assert!(confirmation_count > 0 && confirmation_count <= MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY);
+        for slot in (self.root()..self.slot()).rev() {
+            if let Some(count) = self.get_confirmation_count(slot) {
+                if count >= confirmation_count {
+                    return slot;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        self.root
+    }
+
+    fn calculate_highest_confirmed_slot(&self) -> Slot {
+        self.highest_slot_with_confirmation_count(1)
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_confirmation_count(&self, slot: Slot) -> Option<usize> {
+        self.get_lockout_count(slot, VOTE_THRESHOLD_SIZE)
+    }
+
+    // Returns the lowest level at which at least `minimum_stake_percentage` of the total epoch
+    // stake is locked out
+    fn get_lockout_count(&self, slot: Slot, minimum_stake_percentage: f64) -> Option<usize> {
+        self.get_block_commitment(slot).map(|block_commitment| {
+            let iterator = block_commitment.commitment.iter().enumerate().rev();
+            let mut sum = 0;
+            for (i, stake) in iterator {
+                sum += stake;
+                if (sum as f64 / self.total_stake as f64) > minimum_stake_percentage {
+                    return i + 1;
+                }
+            }
+            0
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_confirmed_rooted(&self, slot: Slot) -> bool {
+        slot <= self.largest_confirmed_root()
+            && (self.blockstore.is_root(slot) || self.bank.status_cache_ancestors().contains(&slot))
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub fn new_for_tests_with_blockstore(blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>) -> Self {
+        let mut block_commitment: HashMap<Slot, BlockCommitment> = HashMap::new();
+        block_commitment.insert(0, BlockCommitment::default());
+        Self {
+            block_commitment,
+            blockstore,
+            total_stake: 42,
+            largest_confirmed_root: Slot::default(),
+            bank: Arc::new(Bank::default()),
+            root: Slot::default(),
+            highest_confirmed_slot: Slot::default(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub fn new_for_tests_with_blockstore_bank(
+        blockstore: Arc<Blockstore>,
+        bank: Arc<Bank>,
+        root: Slot,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let mut block_commitment: HashMap<Slot, BlockCommitment> = HashMap::new();
+        block_commitment.insert(0, BlockCommitment::default());
+        Self {
+            block_commitment,
+            blockstore,
+            total_stake: 42,
+            largest_confirmed_root: root,
+            bank,
+            root,
+            highest_confirmed_slot: root,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn set_largest_confirmed_root(&mut self, root: Slot) {
+        self.largest_confirmed_root = root;
    }
 }

 pub struct CommitmentAggregationData {
    bank: Arc<Bank>,
+    root: Slot,
    total_staked: u64,
 }

 impl CommitmentAggregationData {
-    pub fn new(bank: Arc<Bank>, total_staked: u64) -> Self {
-        Self { bank, total_staked }
+    pub fn new(bank: Arc<Bank>, root: Slot, total_staked: u64) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            bank,
+            root,
+            total_staked,
+        }
    }
 }

+fn get_largest_confirmed_root(mut rooted_stake: Vec<(Slot, u64)>, total_stake: u64) -> Slot {
+    rooted_stake.sort_by(|a, b| a.0.cmp(&b.0).reverse());
+    let mut stake_sum = 0;
+    for (root, stake) in rooted_stake {
+        stake_sum += stake;
+        if (stake_sum as f64 / total_stake as f64) > VOTE_THRESHOLD_SIZE {
+            return root;
+        }
+    }
+    0
+}
+
 pub struct AggregateCommitmentService {
    t_commitment: JoinHandle<()>,
 }
@@ -96,6 +255,7 @@ impl AggregateCommitmentService {
    pub fn new(
        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
        block_commitment_cache: Arc<RwLock<BlockCommitmentCache>>,
+        subscriptions: Arc<RpcSubscriptions>,
    ) -> (Sender<CommitmentAggregationData>, Self) {
        let (sender, receiver): (
            Sender<CommitmentAggregationData>,
@@ -113,7 +273,7 @@ impl AggregateCommitmentService {
                        }

                        if let Err(RecvTimeoutError::Disconnected) =
-                            Self::run(&receiver, &block_commitment_cache, &exit_)
+                            Self::run(&receiver, &block_commitment_cache, &subscriptions, &exit_)
                        {
                            break;
                        }
@@ -126,6 +286,7 @@ impl AggregateCommitmentService {
    fn run(
        receiver: &Receiver<CommitmentAggregationData>,
        block_commitment_cache: &RwLock<BlockCommitmentCache>,
+        subscriptions: &Arc<RpcSubscriptions>,
        exit: &Arc<AtomicBool>,
    ) -> Result<(), RecvTimeoutError> {
        loop {
@@ -144,18 +305,51 @@ impl AggregateCommitmentService {
                continue;
            }

-            let block_commitment = Self::aggregate_commitment(&ancestors, &aggregation_data.bank);
+            let mut aggregate_commitment_time = Measure::start("aggregate-commitment-ms");
+            let (block_commitment, rooted_stake) =
+                Self::aggregate_commitment(&ancestors, &aggregation_data.bank);

-            let mut new_block_commitment =
-                BlockCommitmentCache::new(block_commitment, aggregation_data.total_staked);
+            let largest_confirmed_root =
+                get_largest_confirmed_root(rooted_stake, aggregation_data.total_staked);
+
+            let mut new_block_commitment = BlockCommitmentCache::new(
+                block_commitment,
+                largest_confirmed_root,
+                aggregation_data.total_staked,
+                aggregation_data.bank,
+                block_commitment_cache.read().unwrap().blockstore.clone(),
+                aggregation_data.root,
+                aggregation_data.root,
+            );
+            new_block_commitment.highest_confirmed_slot =
+                new_block_commitment.calculate_highest_confirmed_slot();

            let mut w_block_commitment_cache = block_commitment_cache.write().unwrap();

            std::mem::swap(&mut *w_block_commitment_cache, &mut new_block_commitment);
+            aggregate_commitment_time.stop();
+            datapoint_info!(
+                "block-commitment-cache",
+                (
+                    "aggregate-commitment-ms",
+                    aggregate_commitment_time.as_ms() as i64,
+                    i64
+                )
+            );
+
+            subscriptions.notify_subscribers(CacheSlotInfo {
+                current_slot: w_block_commitment_cache.slot(),
+                node_root: w_block_commitment_cache.root(),
+                largest_confirmed_root: w_block_commitment_cache.largest_confirmed_root(),
+                highest_confirmed_slot: w_block_commitment_cache.highest_confirmed_slot(),
+            });
        }
    }

-    pub fn aggregate_commitment(ancestors: &[Slot], bank: &Bank) -> HashMap<Slot, BlockCommitment> {
+    pub fn aggregate_commitment(
+        ancestors: &[Slot],
+        bank: &Bank,
+    ) -> (HashMap<Slot, BlockCommitment>, Vec<(Slot, u64)>) {
        assert!(!ancestors.is_empty());

        // Check ancestors is sorted
@@ -164,6 +358,7 @@ impl AggregateCommitmentService {
        }

        let mut commitment = HashMap::new();
+        let mut rooted_stake: Vec<(Slot, u64)> = Vec::new();
        for (_, (lamports, account)) in bank.vote_accounts().into_iter() {
            if lamports == 0 {
                continue;
@@ -176,17 +371,19 @@ impl AggregateCommitmentService {
            let vote_state = vote_state.unwrap();
            Self::aggregate_commitment_for_vote_account(
                &mut commitment,
+                &mut rooted_stake,
                &vote_state,
                ancestors,
                lamports,
            );
        }

-        commitment
+        (commitment, rooted_stake)
    }

    fn aggregate_commitment_for_vote_account(
        commitment: &mut HashMap<Slot, BlockCommitment>,
+        rooted_stake: &mut Vec<(Slot, u64)>,
        vote_state: &VoteState,
        ancestors: &[Slot],
        lamports: u64,
@@ -199,12 +396,13 @@ impl AggregateCommitmentService {
                    commitment
                        .entry(*a)
                        .or_insert_with(BlockCommitment::default)
-                        .increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY, lamports);
+                        .increase_rooted_stake(lamports);
                } else {
                    ancestors_index = i;
                    break;
                }
            }
+            rooted_stake.push((root, lamports));
        }

        for vote in &vote_state.votes {
@@ -230,8 +428,11 @@ impl AggregateCommitmentService {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
    use super::*;
-    use crate::genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo};
-    use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
+    use solana_ledger::{
+        genesis_utils::{create_genesis_config, GenesisConfigInfo},
+        get_tmp_ledger_path,
+    };
+    use solana_sdk::{genesis_config::GenesisConfig, pubkey::Pubkey};
    use solana_stake_program::stake_state;
    use solana_vote_program::vote_state::{self, VoteStateVersions};

@@ -246,97 +447,207 @@ mod tests {
    }

    #[test]
-    fn test_get_block_with_depth_commitment() {
+    fn test_get_confirmations() {
+        let bank = Arc::new(Bank::default());
+        let ledger_path = get_tmp_ledger_path!();
+        let blockstore = Arc::new(Blockstore::open(&ledger_path).unwrap());
        // Build BlockCommitmentCache with votes at depths 0 and 1 for 2 slots
        let mut cache0 = BlockCommitment::default();
-        cache0.increase_confirmation_stake(1, 15);
-        cache0.increase_confirmation_stake(2, 25);
+        cache0.increase_confirmation_stake(1, 5);
+        cache0.increase_confirmation_stake(2, 40);

        let mut cache1 = BlockCommitment::default();
-        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(1, 10);
-        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(2, 20);
+        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(1, 40);
+        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(2, 5);
+
+        let mut cache2 = BlockCommitment::default();
+        cache2.increase_confirmation_stake(1, 20);
+        cache2.increase_confirmation_stake(2, 5);

        let mut block_commitment = HashMap::new();
        block_commitment.entry(0).or_insert(cache0.clone());
        block_commitment.entry(1).or_insert(cache1.clone());
-        let block_commitment_cache = BlockCommitmentCache::new(block_commitment, 50);
+        block_commitment.entry(2).or_insert(cache2.clone());
+        let block_commitment_cache =
+            BlockCommitmentCache::new(block_commitment, 0, 50, bank, blockstore, 0, 0);

-        // Neither slot has rooted votes
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_rooted_block_with_commitment(0.1),
-            None
-        );
-        // Neither slot meets the minimum level of commitment 0.6 at depth 1
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_block_with_depth_commitment(1, 0.6),
-            None
-        );
-        // Only slot 0 meets the minimum level of commitment 0.5 at depth 1
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_block_with_depth_commitment(1, 0.5),
-            Some(0)
-        );
-        // If multiple slots meet the minimum level of commitment, method should return the most recent
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_block_with_depth_commitment(1, 0.4),
-            Some(1)
-        );
-        // If multiple slots meet the minimum level of commitment, method should return the most recent
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_block_with_depth_commitment(0, 0.6),
-            Some(1)
-        );
-        // Neither slot meets the minimum level of commitment 0.9 at depth 0
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_block_with_depth_commitment(0, 0.9),
-            None
-        );
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.get_confirmation_count(0), Some(2));
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.get_confirmation_count(1), Some(1));
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.get_confirmation_count(2), Some(0),);
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.get_confirmation_count(3), None,);
    }

    #[test]
-    fn test_get_rooted_block_with_commitment() {
-        // Build BlockCommitmentCache with rooted votes
-        let mut cache0 = BlockCommitment::new([0; MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY]);
-        cache0.increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY, 40);
-        cache0.increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY - 1, 10);
-        let mut cache1 = BlockCommitment::new([0; MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY]);
-        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY, 30);
-        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY - 1, 10);
-        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY - 2, 10);
+    fn test_is_confirmed_rooted() {
+        let bank = Arc::new(Bank::default());
+        let ledger_path = get_tmp_ledger_path!();
+        let blockstore = Arc::new(Blockstore::open(&ledger_path).unwrap());
+        blockstore.set_roots(&[0, 1]).unwrap();
+        // Build BlockCommitmentCache with rooted slots
+        let mut cache0 = BlockCommitment::default();
+        cache0.increase_rooted_stake(50);
+        let mut cache1 = BlockCommitment::default();
+        cache1.increase_rooted_stake(40);
+        let mut cache2 = BlockCommitment::default();
+        cache2.increase_rooted_stake(20);

        let mut block_commitment = HashMap::new();
-        block_commitment.entry(0).or_insert(cache0.clone());
-        block_commitment.entry(1).or_insert(cache1.clone());
-        let block_commitment_cache = BlockCommitmentCache::new(block_commitment, 50);
+        block_commitment.entry(1).or_insert(cache0.clone());
+        block_commitment.entry(2).or_insert(cache1.clone());
+        block_commitment.entry(3).or_insert(cache2.clone());
+        let largest_confirmed_root = 1;
+        let block_commitment_cache = BlockCommitmentCache::new(
+            block_commitment,
+            largest_confirmed_root,
+            50,
+            bank,
+            blockstore,
+            0,
+            0,
+        );

-        // Only slot 0 meets the minimum level of commitment 0.66 at root
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_rooted_block_with_commitment(0.66),
-            Some(0)
+        assert!(block_commitment_cache.is_confirmed_rooted(0));
+        assert!(block_commitment_cache.is_confirmed_rooted(1));
+        assert!(!block_commitment_cache.is_confirmed_rooted(2));
+        assert!(!block_commitment_cache.is_confirmed_rooted(3));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_get_largest_confirmed_root() {
+        assert_eq!(get_largest_confirmed_root(vec![], 10), 0);
+        let mut rooted_stake = vec![];
+        rooted_stake.push((0, 5));
+        rooted_stake.push((1, 5));
+        assert_eq!(get_largest_confirmed_root(rooted_stake, 10), 0);
+        let mut rooted_stake = vec![];
+        rooted_stake.push((1, 5));
+        rooted_stake.push((0, 10));
+        rooted_stake.push((2, 5));
+        rooted_stake.push((1, 4));
+        assert_eq!(get_largest_confirmed_root(rooted_stake, 10), 1);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_highest_confirmed_slot() {
+        let bank = Arc::new(Bank::new(&GenesisConfig::default()));
+        let bank_slot_5 = Arc::new(Bank::new_from_parent(&bank, &Pubkey::default(), 5));
+        let ledger_path = get_tmp_ledger_path!();
+        let blockstore = Arc::new(Blockstore::open(&ledger_path).unwrap());
+        let total_stake = 50;
+
+        // Build cache with confirmation_count 2 given total_stake
+        let mut cache0 = BlockCommitment::default();
+        cache0.increase_confirmation_stake(1, 5);
+        cache0.increase_confirmation_stake(2, 40);
+
+        // Build cache with confirmation_count 1 given total_stake
+        let mut cache1 = BlockCommitment::default();
+        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(1, 40);
+        cache1.increase_confirmation_stake(2, 5);
+
+        // Build cache with confirmation_count 0 given total_stake
+        let mut cache2 = BlockCommitment::default();
+        cache2.increase_confirmation_stake(1, 20);
+        cache2.increase_confirmation_stake(2, 5);
+
+        let mut block_commitment = HashMap::new();
+        block_commitment.entry(1).or_insert(cache0.clone()); // Slot 1, conf 2
+        block_commitment.entry(2).or_insert(cache1.clone()); // Slot 2, conf 1
+        block_commitment.entry(3).or_insert(cache2.clone()); // Slot 3, conf 0
+        let block_commitment_cache = BlockCommitmentCache::new(
+            block_commitment,
+            0,
+            total_stake,
+            bank_slot_5.clone(),
+            blockstore.clone(),
+            0,
+            0,
        );
-        // If multiple slots meet the minimum level of commitment, method should return the most recent
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_rooted_block_with_commitment(0.6),
-            Some(1)
+
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.calculate_highest_confirmed_slot(), 2);
+
+        // Build map with multiple slots at conf 1
+        let mut block_commitment = HashMap::new();
+        block_commitment.entry(1).or_insert(cache1.clone()); // Slot 1, conf 1
+        block_commitment.entry(2).or_insert(cache1.clone()); // Slot 2, conf 1
+        block_commitment.entry(3).or_insert(cache2.clone()); // Slot 3, conf 0
+        let block_commitment_cache = BlockCommitmentCache::new(
+            block_commitment,
+            0,
+            total_stake,
+            bank_slot_5.clone(),
+            blockstore.clone(),
+            0,
+            0,
        );
-        // Neither slot meets the minimum level of commitment 0.9 at root
-        assert_eq!(
-            block_commitment_cache.get_rooted_block_with_commitment(0.9),
-            None
+
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.calculate_highest_confirmed_slot(), 2);
+
+        // Build map with slot gaps
+        let mut block_commitment = HashMap::new();
+        block_commitment.entry(1).or_insert(cache1.clone()); // Slot 1, conf 1
+        block_commitment.entry(3).or_insert(cache1.clone()); // Slot 3, conf 1
+        block_commitment.entry(5).or_insert(cache2.clone()); // Slot 5, conf 0
+        let block_commitment_cache = BlockCommitmentCache::new(
+            block_commitment,
+            0,
+            total_stake,
+            bank_slot_5.clone(),
+            blockstore.clone(),
+            0,
+            0,
        );
+
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.calculate_highest_confirmed_slot(), 3);
+
+        // Build map with no conf 1 slots, but one higher
+        let mut block_commitment = HashMap::new();
+        block_commitment.entry(1).or_insert(cache0.clone()); // Slot 1, conf 2
+        block_commitment.entry(2).or_insert(cache2.clone()); // Slot 2, conf 0
+        block_commitment.entry(3).or_insert(cache2.clone()); // Slot 3, conf 0
+        let block_commitment_cache = BlockCommitmentCache::new(
+            block_commitment,
+            0,
+            total_stake,
+            bank_slot_5.clone(),
+            blockstore.clone(),
+            0,
+            0,
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.calculate_highest_confirmed_slot(), 1);
+
+        // Build map with no conf 1 or higher slots
+        let mut block_commitment = HashMap::new();
+        block_commitment.entry(1).or_insert(cache2.clone()); // Slot 1, conf 0
+        block_commitment.entry(2).or_insert(cache2.clone()); // Slot 2, conf 0
+        block_commitment.entry(3).or_insert(cache2.clone()); // Slot 3, conf 0
+        let block_commitment_cache = BlockCommitmentCache::new(
+            block_commitment,
+            0,
+            total_stake,
+            bank_slot_5.clone(),
+            blockstore.clone(),
+            0,
+            0,
+        );
+
+        assert_eq!(block_commitment_cache.calculate_highest_confirmed_slot(), 0);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_aggregate_commitment_for_vote_account_1() {
        let ancestors = vec![3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11];
        let mut commitment = HashMap::new();
+        let mut rooted_stake = vec![];
        let lamports = 5;
        let mut vote_state = VoteState::default();

-        let root = ancestors.last().unwrap();
-        vote_state.root_slot = Some(*root);
+        let root = ancestors.last().unwrap().clone();
+        vote_state.root_slot = Some(root);
        AggregateCommitmentService::aggregate_commitment_for_vote_account(
            &mut commitment,
+            &mut rooted_stake,
            &vote_state,
            &ancestors,
            lamports,
@@ -344,15 +655,17 @@ mod tests {

        for a in ancestors {
            let mut expected = BlockCommitment::default();
-            expected.increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY, lamports);
+            expected.increase_rooted_stake(lamports);
            assert_eq!(*commitment.get(&a).unwrap(), expected);
        }
+        assert_eq!(rooted_stake[0], (root, lamports));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_aggregate_commitment_for_vote_account_2() {
        let ancestors = vec![3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11];
        let mut commitment = HashMap::new();
+        let mut rooted_stake = vec![];
        let lamports = 5;
        let mut vote_state = VoteState::default();

@@ -361,6 +674,7 @@ mod tests {
        vote_state.process_slot_vote_unchecked(*ancestors.last().unwrap());
        AggregateCommitmentService::aggregate_commitment_for_vote_account(
            &mut commitment,
+            &mut rooted_stake,
            &vote_state,
            &ancestors,
            lamports,
@@ -369,7 +683,7 @@ mod tests {
        for a in ancestors {
            if a <= root {
                let mut expected = BlockCommitment::default();
-                expected.increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY, lamports);
+                expected.increase_rooted_stake(lamports);
                assert_eq!(*commitment.get(&a).unwrap(), expected);
            } else {
                let mut expected = BlockCommitment::default();
@@ -377,12 +691,14 @@ mod tests {
                assert_eq!(*commitment.get(&a).unwrap(), expected);
            }
        }
+        assert_eq!(rooted_stake[0], (root, lamports));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_aggregate_commitment_for_vote_account_3() {
        let ancestors = vec![3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11];
        let mut commitment = HashMap::new();
+        let mut rooted_stake = vec![];
        let lamports = 5;
        let mut vote_state = VoteState::default();

@@ -393,6 +709,7 @@ mod tests {
        vote_state.process_slot_vote_unchecked(ancestors[6]);
        AggregateCommitmentService::aggregate_commitment_for_vote_account(
            &mut commitment,
+            &mut rooted_stake,
            &vote_state,
            &ancestors,
            lamports,
@@ -401,7 +718,7 @@ mod tests {
        for (i, a) in ancestors.iter().enumerate() {
            if *a <= root {
                let mut expected = BlockCommitment::default();
-                expected.increase_confirmation_stake(MAX_LOCKOUT_HISTORY, lamports);
+                expected.increase_rooted_stake(lamports);
                assert_eq!(*commitment.get(&a).unwrap(), expected);
            } else if i <= 4 {
                let mut expected = BlockCommitment::default();
@@ -413,6 +730,7 @@ mod tests {
                assert_eq!(*commitment.get(&a).unwrap(), expected);
            }
        }
+        assert_eq!(rooted_stake[0], (root, lamports));
    }

    #[test]
@@ -422,6 +740,8 @@ mod tests {
            mut genesis_config, ..
        } = create_genesis_config(10_000);

+        let rooted_stake_amount = 40;
+
        let sk1 = Pubkey::new_rand();
        let pk1 = Pubkey::new_rand();
        let mut vote_account1 = vote_state::create_account(&pk1, &Pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 100);
@@ -432,12 +752,36 @@ mod tests {
        let mut vote_account2 = vote_state::create_account(&pk2, &Pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 50);
        let stake_account2 =
            stake_state::create_account(&sk2, &pk2, &vote_account2, &genesis_config.rent, 50);
+        let sk3 = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        let pk3 = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        let mut vote_account3 = vote_state::create_account(&pk3, &Pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 1);
+        let stake_account3 = stake_state::create_account(
+            &sk3,
+            &pk3,
+            &vote_account3,
+            &genesis_config.rent,
+            rooted_stake_amount,
+        );
+        let sk4 = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        let pk4 = Pubkey::new_rand();
+        let mut vote_account4 = vote_state::create_account(&pk4, &Pubkey::new_rand(), 0, 1);
+        let stake_account4 = stake_state::create_account(
+            &sk4,
+            &pk4,
+            &vote_account4,
+            &genesis_config.rent,
+            rooted_stake_amount,
+        );

        genesis_config.accounts.extend(vec![
            (pk1, vote_account1.clone()),
            (sk1, stake_account1),
            (pk2, vote_account2.clone()),
            (sk2, stake_account2),
+            (pk3, vote_account3.clone()),
+            (sk3, stake_account3),
+            (pk4, vote_account4.clone()),
+            (sk4, stake_account4),
        ]);

        // Create bank
@@ -457,7 +801,20 @@ mod tests {
        VoteState::to(&versioned, &mut vote_account2).unwrap();
        bank.store_account(&pk2, &vote_account2);

-        let commitment = AggregateCommitmentService::aggregate_commitment(&ancestors, &bank);
+        let mut vote_state3 = VoteState::from(&vote_account3).unwrap();
+        vote_state3.root_slot = Some(1);
+        let versioned = VoteStateVersions::Current(Box::new(vote_state3));
+        VoteState::to(&versioned, &mut vote_account3).unwrap();
+        bank.store_account(&pk3, &vote_account3);
+
+        let mut vote_state4 = VoteState::from(&vote_account4).unwrap();
+        vote_state4.root_slot = Some(2);
+        let versioned = VoteStateVersions::Current(Box::new(vote_state4));
+        VoteState::to(&versioned, &mut vote_account4).unwrap();
+        bank.store_account(&pk4, &vote_account4);
+
+        let (commitment, rooted_stake) =
+            AggregateCommitmentService::aggregate_commitment(&ancestors, &bank);

        for a in ancestors {
            if a <= 3 {
@@ -481,5 +838,7 @@ mod tests {
                assert!(commitment.get(&a).is_none());
            }
        }
+        assert_eq!(rooted_stake.len(), 2);
+        assert_eq!(get_largest_confirmed_root(rooted_stake, 100), 1)
    }
 }
--- a/core/src/consensus.rs
+++ b/core/src/consensus.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use crate::progress_map::ProgressMap;
 use chrono::prelude::*;
 use solana_ledger::bank_forks::BankForks;
 use solana_runtime::bank::Bank;
@@ -320,7 +321,7 @@ impl Tower {
    }
    pub fn check_vote_stake_threshold(
        &self,
-        slot: u64,
+        slot: Slot,
        stake_lockouts: &HashMap<u64, StakeLockout>,
        total_staked: u64,
    ) -> bool {
@@ -331,11 +332,8 @@ impl Tower {
            if let Some(fork_stake) = stake_lockouts.get(&vote.slot) {
                let lockout = fork_stake.stake as f64 / total_staked as f64;
                trace!(
-                    "fork_stake slot: {} lockout: {} fork_stake: {} total_stake: {}",
-                    slot,
-                    lockout,
-                    fork_stake.stake,
-                    total_staked
+                    "fork_stake slot: {}, vote slot: {}, lockout: {} fork_stake: {} total_stake: {}",
+                    slot, vote.slot, lockout, fork_stake.stake, total_staked
                );
                if vote.confirmation_count as usize > self.threshold_depth {
                    for old_vote in &self.lockouts.votes {
@@ -355,6 +353,18 @@ impl Tower {
        }
    }

+    pub(crate) fn check_switch_threshold(
+        &self,
+        _slot: Slot,
+        _ancestors: &HashMap<Slot, HashSet<u64>>,
+        _descendants: &HashMap<Slot, HashSet<u64>>,
+        _progress: &ProgressMap,
+        _total_epoch_stake: u64,
+        _epoch_vote_accounts: &HashMap<Pubkey, (u64, Account)>,
+    ) -> bool {
+        true
+    }
+
    /// Update lockouts for all the ancestors
    fn update_ancestor_lockouts(
        stake_lockouts: &mut HashMap<Slot, StakeLockout>,
@@ -468,7 +478,12 @@ impl Tower {
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub mod test {
    use super::*;
-    use crate::replay_stage::{ForkProgress, ReplayStage};
+    use crate::{
+        cluster_info_vote_listener::VoteTracker,
+        cluster_slots::ClusterSlots,
+        progress_map::ForkProgress,
+        replay_stage::{HeaviestForkFailures, ReplayStage},
+    };
    use solana_ledger::bank_forks::BankForks;
    use solana_runtime::{
        bank::Bank,
@@ -481,107 +496,96 @@ pub mod test {
        hash::Hash,
        pubkey::Pubkey,
        signature::{Keypair, Signer},
-        transaction::Transaction,
    };
    use solana_vote_program::{
-        vote_instruction,
        vote_state::{Vote, VoteStateVersions},
+        vote_transaction,
    };
-    use std::collections::{HashMap, VecDeque};
+    use std::collections::HashMap;
    use std::sync::RwLock;
    use std::{thread::sleep, time::Duration};
-    use trees::{tr, Node, Tree};
+    use trees::{tr, Tree, TreeWalk};

-    pub(crate) struct VoteSimulator<'a> {
-        searchable_nodes: HashMap<u64, &'a Node<u64>>,
+    pub(crate) struct VoteSimulator {
+        pub validator_keypairs: HashMap<Pubkey, ValidatorVoteKeypairs>,
+        pub node_pubkeys: Vec<Pubkey>,
+        pub vote_pubkeys: Vec<Pubkey>,
+        pub bank_forks: RwLock<BankForks>,
+        pub progress: ProgressMap,
    }

-    impl<'a> VoteSimulator<'a> {
-        pub(crate) fn new(forks: &'a Tree<u64>) -> Self {
-            let mut searchable_nodes = HashMap::new();
-            let root = forks.root();
-            searchable_nodes.insert(root.data, root);
-            Self { searchable_nodes }
+    impl VoteSimulator {
+        pub(crate) fn new(num_keypairs: usize) -> Self {
+            let (validator_keypairs, node_pubkeys, vote_pubkeys, bank_forks, progress) =
+                Self::init_state(num_keypairs);
+            Self {
+                validator_keypairs,
+                node_pubkeys,
+                vote_pubkeys,
+                bank_forks: RwLock::new(bank_forks),
+                progress,
+            }
+        }
+        pub(crate) fn fill_bank_forks(
+            &mut self,
+            forks: Tree<u64>,
+            cluster_votes: &HashMap<Pubkey, Vec<u64>>,
+        ) {
+            let root = forks.root().data;
+            assert!(self.bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(root).is_some());
+
+            let mut walk = TreeWalk::from(forks);
+            loop {
+                if let Some(visit) = walk.get() {
+                    let slot = visit.node().data;
+                    self.progress
+                        .entry(slot)
+                        .or_insert_with(|| ForkProgress::new(Hash::default(), None, None, 0, 0));
+                    if self.bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(slot).is_some() {
+                        walk.forward();
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    let parent = walk.get_parent().unwrap().data;
+                    let parent_bank = self.bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(parent).unwrap().clone();
+                    let new_bank = Bank::new_from_parent(&parent_bank, &Pubkey::default(), slot);
+                    for (pubkey, vote) in cluster_votes.iter() {
+                        if vote.contains(&parent) {
+                            let keypairs = self.validator_keypairs.get(pubkey).unwrap();
+                            let last_blockhash = parent_bank.last_blockhash();
+                            let vote_tx = vote_transaction::new_vote_transaction(
+                                // Must vote > root to be processed
+                                vec![parent],
+                                parent_bank.hash(),
+                                last_blockhash,
+                                &keypairs.node_keypair,
+                                &keypairs.vote_keypair,
+                                &keypairs.vote_keypair,
+                            );
+                            info!("voting {} {}", parent_bank.slot(), parent_bank.hash());
+                            new_bank.process_transaction(&vote_tx).unwrap();
+                        }
+                    }
+                    new_bank.freeze();
+                    self.bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(new_bank);
+                    walk.forward();
+                } else {
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
        }

        pub(crate) fn simulate_vote(
            &mut self,
            vote_slot: Slot,
-            bank_forks: &RwLock<BankForks>,
-            cluster_votes: &mut HashMap<Pubkey, Vec<u64>>,
-            validator_keypairs: &HashMap<Pubkey, ValidatorVoteKeypairs>,
-            my_keypairs: &ValidatorVoteKeypairs,
-            progress: &mut HashMap<u64, ForkProgress>,
+            my_pubkey: &Pubkey,
            tower: &mut Tower,
-        ) -> Vec<VoteFailures> {
-            let node = self
-                .find_node_and_update_simulation(vote_slot)
-                .expect("Vote to simulate must be for a slot in the tree");
-
-            let mut missing_nodes = VecDeque::new();
-            let mut current = node;
-            loop {
-                let current_slot = current.data;
-                if bank_forks.read().unwrap().get(current_slot).is_some()
-                    || tower.root().map(|r| current_slot < r).unwrap_or(false)
-                {
-                    break;
-                } else {
-                    missing_nodes.push_front(current);
-                }
-
-                if let Some(parent) = current.parent() {
-                    current = parent;
-                } else {
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Create any missing banks along the path
-            for missing_node in missing_nodes {
-                let missing_slot = missing_node.data;
-                let parent = missing_node.parent().unwrap().data;
-                let parent_bank = bank_forks
-                    .read()
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .get(parent)
-                    .expect("parent bank must exist")
-                    .clone();
-                info!("parent of {} is {}", missing_slot, parent_bank.slot(),);
-                progress
-                    .entry(missing_slot)
-                    .or_insert_with(|| ForkProgress::new(parent_bank.last_blockhash()));
-
-                // Create the missing bank
-                let new_bank =
-                    Bank::new_from_parent(&parent_bank, &Pubkey::default(), missing_slot);
-
-                // Simulate ingesting the cluster's votes for the parent into this bank
-                for (pubkey, vote) in cluster_votes.iter() {
-                    if vote.contains(&parent_bank.slot()) {
-                        let keypairs = validator_keypairs.get(pubkey).unwrap();
-                        let node_pubkey = keypairs.node_keypair.pubkey();
-                        let vote_pubkey = keypairs.vote_keypair.pubkey();
-                        let last_blockhash = parent_bank.last_blockhash();
-                        let votes = Vote::new(vec![parent_bank.slot()], parent_bank.hash());
-                        info!("voting {} {}", parent_bank.slot(), parent_bank.hash());
-                        let vote_ix = vote_instruction::vote(&vote_pubkey, &vote_pubkey, votes);
-                        let mut vote_tx =
-                            Transaction::new_with_payer(vec![vote_ix], Some(&node_pubkey));
-                        vote_tx.partial_sign(&[&keypairs.node_keypair], last_blockhash);
-                        vote_tx.partial_sign(&[&keypairs.vote_keypair], last_blockhash);
-                        new_bank.process_transaction(&vote_tx).unwrap();
-                    }
-                }
-                new_bank.freeze();
-                bank_forks.write().unwrap().insert(new_bank);
-            }
-
-            // Now try to simulate the vote
-            let my_pubkey = my_keypairs.node_keypair.pubkey();
+        ) -> Vec<HeaviestForkFailures> {
+            // Try to simulate the vote
+            let my_keypairs = self.validator_keypairs.get(&my_pubkey).unwrap();
            let my_vote_pubkey = my_keypairs.vote_keypair.pubkey();
-            let ancestors = bank_forks.read().unwrap().ancestors();
-            let mut frozen_banks: Vec<_> = bank_forks
+            let ancestors = self.bank_forks.read().unwrap().ancestors();
+            let mut frozen_banks: Vec<_> = self
+                .bank_forks
                .read()
                .unwrap()
                .frozen_banks()
@@ -594,99 +598,133 @@ pub mod test {
                &ancestors,
                &mut frozen_banks,
                tower,
-                progress,
+                &mut self.progress,
+                &VoteTracker::default(),
+                &ClusterSlots::default(),
+                &self.bank_forks,
+                &mut HashSet::new(),
            );

-            let bank = bank_forks
+            let vote_bank = self
+                .bank_forks
                .read()
                .unwrap()
                .get(vote_slot)
                .expect("Bank must have been created before vote simulation")
                .clone();
+
+            // Try to vote on the given slot
+            let descendants = self.bank_forks.read().unwrap().descendants();
+            let (_, _, failure_reasons) = ReplayStage::select_vote_and_reset_forks(
+                &Some(vote_bank.clone()),
+                &None,
+                &ancestors,
+                &descendants,
+                &self.progress,
+                &tower,
+            );
+
            // Make sure this slot isn't locked out or failing threshold
-            let fork_progress = progress
-                .get(&vote_slot)
-                .expect("Slot for vote must exist in progress map");
-            info!("Checking vote: {}", vote_slot);
-            info!("lockouts: {:?}", fork_progress.fork_stats.stake_lockouts);
-            let mut failures = vec![];
-            if fork_progress.fork_stats.is_locked_out {
-                failures.push(VoteFailures::LockedOut(vote_slot));
+            info!("Checking vote: {}", vote_bank.slot());
+            if !failure_reasons.is_empty() {
+                return failure_reasons;
            }
-            if !fork_progress.fork_stats.vote_threshold {
-                failures.push(VoteFailures::FailedThreshold(vote_slot));
-            }
-            if !failures.is_empty() {
-                return failures;
-            }
-            let vote = tower.new_vote_from_bank(&bank, &my_vote_pubkey).0;
+            let vote = tower.new_vote_from_bank(&vote_bank, &my_vote_pubkey).0;
            if let Some(new_root) = tower.record_bank_vote(vote) {
-                ReplayStage::handle_new_root(new_root, bank_forks, progress, &None);
+                ReplayStage::handle_new_root(
+                    new_root,
+                    &self.bank_forks,
+                    &mut self.progress,
+                    &None,
+                    &mut HashSet::new(),
+                    None,
+                );
            }

-            // Mark the vote for this bank under this node's pubkey so it will be
-            // integrated into any future child banks
-            cluster_votes.entry(my_pubkey).or_default().push(vote_slot);
            vec![]
        }

-        // Find a node representing the given slot
-        fn find_node_and_update_simulation(&mut self, slot: u64) -> Option<&'a Node<u64>> {
-            let mut successful_search_node: Option<&'a Node<u64>> = None;
-            let mut found_node = None;
-            for search_node in self.searchable_nodes.values() {
-                if let Some((target, new_searchable_nodes)) = Self::find_node(search_node, slot) {
-                    successful_search_node = Some(search_node);
-                    found_node = Some(target);
-                    for node in new_searchable_nodes {
-                        self.searchable_nodes.insert(node.data, node);
-                    }
-                    break;
+        fn can_progress_on_fork(
+            &mut self,
+            my_pubkey: &Pubkey,
+            tower: &mut Tower,
+            start_slot: u64,
+            num_slots: u64,
+            cluster_votes: &mut HashMap<Pubkey, Vec<u64>>,
+        ) -> bool {
+            // Check that within some reasonable time, validator can make a new
+            // root on this fork
+            let old_root = tower.root();
+
+            for i in 1..num_slots {
+                // The parent of the tip of the fork
+                let mut fork_tip_parent = tr(start_slot + i - 1);
+                // The tip of the fork
+                fork_tip_parent.push_front(tr(start_slot + i));
+                self.fill_bank_forks(fork_tip_parent, cluster_votes);
+                if self
+                    .simulate_vote(i + start_slot, &my_pubkey, tower)
+                    .is_empty()
+                {
+                    cluster_votes
+                        .entry(*my_pubkey)
+                        .or_default()
+                        .push(start_slot + i);
+                }
+                if old_root != tower.root() {
+                    return true;
                }
            }
-            successful_search_node.map(|node| {
-                self.searchable_nodes.remove(&node.data);
-            });
-            found_node
+
+            false
        }

-        fn find_node(
-            node: &'a Node<u64>,
-            slot: u64,
-        ) -> Option<(&'a Node<u64>, Vec<&'a Node<u64>>)> {
-            if node.data == slot {
-                Some((node, node.iter().collect()))
-            } else {
-                let mut search_result: Option<(&'a Node<u64>, Vec<&'a Node<u64>>)> = None;
-                for child in node.iter() {
-                    if let Some((_, ref mut new_searchable_nodes)) = search_result {
-                        new_searchable_nodes.push(child);
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    search_result = Self::find_node(child, slot);
-                }
+        fn init_state(
+            num_keypairs: usize,
+        ) -> (
+            HashMap<Pubkey, ValidatorVoteKeypairs>,
+            Vec<Pubkey>,
+            Vec<Pubkey>,
+            BankForks,
+            ProgressMap,
+        ) {
+            let keypairs: HashMap<_, _> = std::iter::repeat_with(|| {
+                let node_keypair = Keypair::new();
+                let vote_keypair = Keypair::new();
+                let stake_keypair = Keypair::new();
+                let node_pubkey = node_keypair.pubkey();
+                (
+                    node_pubkey,
+                    ValidatorVoteKeypairs::new(node_keypair, vote_keypair, stake_keypair),
+                )
+            })
+            .take(num_keypairs)
+            .collect();
+            let node_pubkeys: Vec<_> = keypairs
+                .values()
+                .map(|keys| keys.node_keypair.pubkey())
+                .collect();
+            let vote_pubkeys: Vec<_> = keypairs
+                .values()
+                .map(|keys| keys.vote_keypair.pubkey())
+                .collect();

-                search_result
-            }
+            let (bank_forks, progress) = initialize_state(&keypairs, 10_000);
+            (keypairs, node_pubkeys, vote_pubkeys, bank_forks, progress)
        }
    }

-    #[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
-    pub(crate) enum VoteFailures {
-        LockedOut(u64),
-        FailedThreshold(u64),
-    }
-
    // Setup BankForks with bank 0 and all the validator accounts
    pub(crate) fn initialize_state(
        validator_keypairs_map: &HashMap<Pubkey, ValidatorVoteKeypairs>,
-    ) -> (BankForks, HashMap<u64, ForkProgress>) {
+        stake: u64,
+    ) -> (BankForks, ProgressMap) {
        let validator_keypairs: Vec<_> = validator_keypairs_map.values().collect();
        let GenesisConfigInfo {
            genesis_config,
            mint_keypair,
            voting_keypair: _,
-        } = create_genesis_config_with_vote_accounts(1_000_000_000, &validator_keypairs);
+        } = create_genesis_config_with_vote_accounts(1_000_000_000, &validator_keypairs, stake);

        let bank0 = Bank::new(&genesis_config);

@@ -695,8 +733,11 @@ pub mod test {
        }

        bank0.freeze();
-        let mut progress = HashMap::new();
-        progress.insert(0, ForkProgress::new(bank0.last_blockhash()));
+        let mut progress = ProgressMap::default();
+        progress.insert(
+            0,
+            ForkProgress::new(bank0.last_blockhash(), None, None, 0, 0),
+        );
        (BankForks::new(0, bank0), progress)
    }

@@ -720,84 +761,26 @@ pub mod test {
        stakes
    }

-    fn can_progress_on_fork(
-        my_pubkey: &Pubkey,
-        tower: &mut Tower,
-        start_slot: u64,
-        num_slots: u64,
-        bank_forks: &RwLock<BankForks>,
-        cluster_votes: &mut HashMap<Pubkey, Vec<u64>>,
-        keypairs: &HashMap<Pubkey, ValidatorVoteKeypairs>,
-        progress: &mut HashMap<u64, ForkProgress>,
-    ) -> bool {
-        // Check that within some reasonable time, validator can make a new
-        // root on this fork
-        let old_root = tower.root();
-        let mut main_fork = tr(start_slot);
-        let mut tip = main_fork.root_mut();
-
-        for i in 1..num_slots {
-            tip.push_front(tr(start_slot + i));
-            tip = tip.first_mut().unwrap();
-        }
-        let mut voting_simulator = VoteSimulator::new(&main_fork);
-        for i in 1..num_slots {
-            voting_simulator.simulate_vote(
-                i + start_slot,
-                &bank_forks,
-                cluster_votes,
-                &keypairs,
-                keypairs.get(&my_pubkey).unwrap(),
-                progress,
-                tower,
-            );
-            if old_root != tower.root() {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-
-        false
-    }
-
    #[test]
    fn test_simple_votes() {
-        let node_keypair = Keypair::new();
-        let vote_keypair = Keypair::new();
-        let stake_keypair = Keypair::new();
-        let node_pubkey = node_keypair.pubkey();
-
-        let mut keypairs = HashMap::new();
-        keypairs.insert(
-            node_pubkey,
-            ValidatorVoteKeypairs::new(node_keypair, vote_keypair, stake_keypair),
-        );
-
-        // Initialize BankForks
-        let (bank_forks, mut progress) = initialize_state(&keypairs);
-        let bank_forks = RwLock::new(bank_forks);
+        // Init state
+        let mut vote_simulator = VoteSimulator::new(1);
+        let node_pubkey = vote_simulator.node_pubkeys[0];
+        let mut tower = Tower::new_with_key(&node_pubkey);

        // Create the tree of banks
        let forks = tr(0) / (tr(1) / (tr(2) / (tr(3) / (tr(4) / tr(5)))));

        // Set the voting behavior
-        let mut voting_simulator = VoteSimulator::new(&forks);
+        let mut cluster_votes = HashMap::new();
        let votes = vec![0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+        cluster_votes.insert(node_pubkey, votes.clone());
+        vote_simulator.fill_bank_forks(forks, &cluster_votes);

        // Simulate the votes
-        let mut tower = Tower::new_with_key(&node_pubkey);
-
-        let mut cluster_votes = HashMap::new();
        for vote in votes {
-            assert!(voting_simulator
-                .simulate_vote(
-                    vote,
-                    &bank_forks,
-                    &mut cluster_votes,
-                    &keypairs,
-                    keypairs.get(&node_pubkey).unwrap(),
-                    &mut progress,
-                    &mut tower,
-                )
+            assert!(vote_simulator
+                .simulate_vote(vote, &node_pubkey, &mut tower,)
                .is_empty());
        }

@@ -809,21 +792,14 @@ pub mod test {

    #[test]
    fn test_double_partition() {
-        solana_logger::setup();
-        let node_keypair = Keypair::new();
-        let vote_keypair = Keypair::new();
-        let stake_keypair = Keypair::new();
-        let node_pubkey = node_keypair.pubkey();
-        let vote_pubkey = vote_keypair.pubkey();
+        // Init state
+        let mut vote_simulator = VoteSimulator::new(2);
+        let node_pubkey = vote_simulator.node_pubkeys[0];
+        let vote_pubkey = vote_simulator.vote_pubkeys[0];
+        let mut tower = Tower::new_with_key(&node_pubkey);

-        let mut keypairs = HashMap::new();
-        info!("my_pubkey: {}", node_pubkey);
-        keypairs.insert(
-            node_pubkey,
-            ValidatorVoteKeypairs::new(node_keypair, vote_keypair, stake_keypair),
-        );
-
-        // Create the tree of banks in a BankForks object
+        let num_slots_to_try = 200;
+        // Create the tree of banks
        let forks = tr(0)
            / (tr(1)
                / (tr(2)
@@ -840,56 +816,37 @@ pub mod test {
                                                    / (tr(44)
                                                        // Minor fork 2
                                                        / (tr(45) / (tr(46) / (tr(47) / (tr(48) / (tr(49) / (tr(50)))))))
-                                                        / (tr(110)))))))))))));
+                                                        / (tr(110) / (tr(110 + 2 * num_slots_to_try))))))))))))));

-        // Set the voting behavior
-        let mut voting_simulator = VoteSimulator::new(&forks);
-        let mut votes: Vec<Slot> = vec![];
+        // Set the successful voting behavior
+        let mut cluster_votes = HashMap::new();
+        let mut my_votes: Vec<Slot> = vec![];
+        let next_unlocked_slot = 110;
        // Vote on the first minor fork
-        votes.extend((0..=14).into_iter());
+        my_votes.extend((0..=14).into_iter());
        // Come back to the main fork
-        votes.extend((43..=44).into_iter());
+        my_votes.extend((43..=44).into_iter());
        // Vote on the second minor fork
-        votes.extend((45..=50).into_iter());
+        my_votes.extend((45..=50).into_iter());
+        // Vote to come back to main fork
+        my_votes.push(next_unlocked_slot);
+        cluster_votes.insert(node_pubkey, my_votes.clone());
+        // Make the other validator vote fork to pass the threshold checks
+        let other_votes = my_votes.clone();
+        cluster_votes.insert(vote_simulator.node_pubkeys[1], other_votes);
+        vote_simulator.fill_bank_forks(forks, &cluster_votes);

-        let mut cluster_votes: HashMap<Pubkey, Vec<Slot>> = HashMap::new();
-        let (bank_forks, mut progress) = initialize_state(&keypairs);
-        let bank_forks = RwLock::new(bank_forks);
-
-        // Simulate the votes. Should fail on trying to come back to the main fork
-        // at 106 exclusively due to threshold failure
-        let mut tower = Tower::new_with_key(&node_pubkey);
-        for vote in &votes {
+        // Simulate the votes.
+        for vote in &my_votes {
            // All these votes should be ok
-            assert!(voting_simulator
-                .simulate_vote(
-                    *vote,
-                    &bank_forks,
-                    &mut cluster_votes,
-                    &keypairs,
-                    keypairs.get(&node_pubkey).unwrap(),
-                    &mut progress,
-                    &mut tower,
-                )
+            assert!(vote_simulator
+                .simulate_vote(*vote, &node_pubkey, &mut tower,)
                .is_empty());
        }

-        // Try to come back to main fork
-        let next_unlocked_slot = 110;
-        assert!(voting_simulator
-            .simulate_vote(
-                next_unlocked_slot,
-                &bank_forks,
-                &mut cluster_votes,
-                &keypairs,
-                keypairs.get(&node_pubkey).unwrap(),
-                &mut progress,
-                &mut tower,
-            )
-            .is_empty());
-
        info!("local tower: {:#?}", tower.lockouts.votes);
-        let vote_accounts = bank_forks
+        let vote_accounts = vote_simulator
+            .bank_forks
            .read()
            .unwrap()
            .get(next_unlocked_slot)
@@ -899,15 +856,17 @@ pub mod test {
        let state = VoteState::from(&observed.1).unwrap();
        info!("observed tower: {:#?}", state.votes);

-        assert!(can_progress_on_fork(
+        let num_slots_to_try = 200;
+        cluster_votes
+            .get_mut(&vote_simulator.node_pubkeys[1])
+            .unwrap()
+            .extend(next_unlocked_slot + 1..next_unlocked_slot + num_slots_to_try);
+        assert!(vote_simulator.can_progress_on_fork(
            &node_pubkey,
            &mut tower,
            next_unlocked_slot,
-            200,
-            &bank_forks,
+            num_slots_to_try,
            &mut cluster_votes,
-            &keypairs,
-            &mut progress
        ));
    }

--- a/core/src/contact_info.rs
+++ b/core/src/contact_info.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
+use crate::crds_value::MAX_WALLCLOCK;
 use solana_sdk::pubkey::Pubkey;
 #[cfg(test)]
 use solana_sdk::rpc_port;
+use solana_sdk::sanitize::{Sanitize, SanitizeError};
 #[cfg(test)]
 use solana_sdk::signature::{Keypair, Signer};
 use solana_sdk::timing::timestamp;
@@ -37,6 +39,15 @@ pub struct ContactInfo {
    pub shred_version: u16,
 }

+impl Sanitize for ContactInfo {
+    fn sanitize(&self) -> std::result::Result<(), SanitizeError> {
+        if self.wallclock >= MAX_WALLCLOCK {
+            return Err(SanitizeError::ValueOutOfBounds);
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
 impl Ord for ContactInfo {
    fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Ordering {
        self.id.cmp(&other.id)
@@ -314,4 +325,12 @@ mod tests {
        ci.rpc = socketaddr!("127.0.0.1:234");
        assert!(ci.valid_client_facing_addr().is_some());
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_sanitize() {
+        let mut ci = ContactInfo::default();
+        assert_eq!(ci.sanitize(), Ok(()));
+        ci.wallclock = MAX_WALLCLOCK;
+        assert_eq!(ci.sanitize(), Err(SanitizeError::ValueOutOfBounds));
+    }
 }
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More