To output one random sample, weighted_best generates n random numbers: https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/f751a5d4e/core/src/weighted_shuffle.rs#L38-L63 WeightedIndex does so with only one random number: https://github.com/rust-random/rand/blob/eb02f0e46/src/distributions/weighted_index.rs#L223-L240 Additionally, if the index is already constructed, it only does a total of O(log(n)) amount of work; which can be achieved if RepairCache, caches the weighted index: https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/f751a5d4e/core/src/serve_repair.rs#L83 Also, the repair-peers code can be reorganized to have fewer redundant unlock-then-lock code.