Files
solana/src/transaction.rs
2018-09-26 14:17:15 -06:00

485 lines
16 KiB
Rust

//! The `transaction` module provides functionality for creating log transactions.
use bincode::{deserialize, serialize};
use budget::{Budget, Condition};
use budget_program::BudgetState;
use chrono::prelude::*;
use hash::{Hash, Hasher};
use instruction::{Contract, Instruction, Vote};
use payment_plan::Payment;
use signature::{Keypair, KeypairUtil, Pubkey, Signature};
use std::mem::size_of;
pub const SIGNED_DATA_OFFSET: usize = size_of::<Signature>();
pub const SIG_OFFSET: usize = 0;
pub const PUB_KEY_OFFSET: usize = size_of::<Signature>() + size_of::<u64>();
/// An instruction signed by a client with `Pubkey`.
#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
pub struct Transaction {
/// A digital signature of `keys`, `program_id`, `last_id`, `fee` and `userdata`, signed by `Pubkey`.
pub signature: Signature,
/// The `Pubkeys` that are executing this transaction userdata. The meaning of each key is
/// program-specific.
/// * keys[0] - Typically this is the `caller` public key. `signature` is verified with keys[0].
/// In the future which key pays the fee and which keys have signatures would be configurable.
/// * keys[1] - Typically this is the program context or the recipient of the tokens
pub keys: Vec<Pubkey>,
/// The program code that executes this transaction is identified by the program_id.
pub program_id: Pubkey,
/// The ID of a recent ledger entry.
pub last_id: Hash,
/// The number of tokens paid for processing and storage of this transaction.
pub fee: i64,
/// Userdata to be stored in the account
pub userdata: Vec<u8>,
}
impl Transaction {
/// Create a signed transaction from the given `Instruction`.
/// * `from_keypair` - The key used to sign the transaction. This key is stored as keys[0]
/// * `transaction_keys` - The keys for the transaction. These are the program state
/// instances or token recipient keys.
/// * `userdata` - The input data that the program will execute with
/// * `last_id` - The PoH hash.
/// * `fee` - The transaction fee.
pub fn new(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
transaction_keys: &[Pubkey],
program_id: Pubkey,
userdata: Vec<u8>,
last_id: Hash,
fee: i64,
) -> Self {
let from = from_keypair.pubkey();
let mut keys = vec![from];
keys.extend_from_slice(transaction_keys);
let mut tx = Transaction {
signature: Signature::default(),
keys,
program_id,
last_id,
fee,
userdata,
};
tx.sign(from_keypair);
tx
}
/// Get the transaction data to sign.
pub fn get_sign_data(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
let mut data = serialize(&(&self.keys)).expect("serialize keys");
let program_id = serialize(&(&self.program_id)).expect("serialize program_id");
data.extend_from_slice(&program_id);
let last_id_data = serialize(&(&self.last_id)).expect("serialize last_id");
data.extend_from_slice(&last_id_data);
let fee_data = serialize(&(&self.fee)).expect("serialize last_id");
data.extend_from_slice(&fee_data);
let userdata = serialize(&(&self.userdata)).expect("serialize userdata");
data.extend_from_slice(&userdata);
data
}
/// Sign this transaction.
pub fn sign(&mut self, keypair: &Keypair) {
let sign_data = self.get_sign_data();
self.signature = Signature::new(keypair.sign(&sign_data).as_ref());
}
/// Verify only the transaction signature.
pub fn verify_signature(&self) -> bool {
warn!("transaction signature verification called");
self.signature
.verify(&self.from().as_ref(), &self.get_sign_data())
}
pub fn vote(&self) -> Option<(Pubkey, Vote, Hash)> {
if let Some(Instruction::NewVote(vote)) = self.instruction() {
Some((*self.from(), vote, self.last_id))
} else {
None
}
}
pub fn from(&self) -> &Pubkey {
&self.keys[0]
}
pub fn instruction(&self) -> Option<Instruction> {
deserialize(&self.userdata).ok()
}
/// Verify only the payment plan.
pub fn verify_plan(&self) -> bool {
if let Some(Instruction::NewContract(contract)) = self.instruction() {
self.fee >= 0
&& self.fee <= contract.tokens
&& contract.budget.verify(contract.tokens - self.fee)
} else {
true
}
}
// a hash of a slice of transactions only needs to hash the signatures
pub fn hash(transactions: &[Transaction]) -> Hash {
let mut hasher = Hasher::default();
transactions
.iter()
.for_each(|tx| hasher.hash(&tx.signature.as_ref()));
hasher.result()
}
}
pub trait BudgetTransaction {
fn budget_new_taxed(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
to: Pubkey,
tokens: i64,
fee: i64,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self;
fn budget_new(from_keypair: &Keypair, to: Pubkey, tokens: i64, last_id: Hash) -> Self;
fn budget_new_timestamp(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
contract: Pubkey,
to: Pubkey,
dt: DateTime<Utc>,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self;
fn budget_new_signature(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
contract: Pubkey,
to: Pubkey,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self;
fn budget_new_vote(from_keypair: &Keypair, vote: Vote, last_id: Hash, fee: i64) -> Self;
fn budget_new_on_date(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
to: Pubkey,
contract: Pubkey,
dt: DateTime<Utc>,
dt_pubkey: Pubkey,
cancelable: Option<Pubkey>,
tokens: i64,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self;
fn budget_new_when_signed(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
to: Pubkey,
contract: Pubkey,
witness: Pubkey,
cancelable: Option<Pubkey>,
tokens: i64,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self;
}
impl BudgetTransaction for Transaction {
/// Create and sign a new Transaction. Used for unit-testing.
fn budget_new_taxed(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
to: Pubkey,
tokens: i64,
fee: i64,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self {
let payment = Payment {
tokens: tokens - fee,
to,
};
let budget = Budget::Pay(payment);
let instruction = Instruction::NewContract(Contract { budget, tokens });
let userdata = serialize(&instruction).unwrap();
Self::new(
from_keypair,
&[to],
BudgetState::id(),
userdata,
last_id,
fee,
)
}
/// Create and sign a new Transaction. Used for unit-testing.
fn budget_new(from_keypair: &Keypair, to: Pubkey, tokens: i64, last_id: Hash) -> Self {
Self::budget_new_taxed(from_keypair, to, tokens, 0, last_id)
}
/// Create and sign a new Witness Timestamp. Used for unit-testing.
fn budget_new_timestamp(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
contract: Pubkey,
to: Pubkey,
dt: DateTime<Utc>,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self {
let instruction = Instruction::ApplyTimestamp(dt);
let userdata = serialize(&instruction).unwrap();
Self::new(
from_keypair,
&[contract, to],
BudgetState::id(),
userdata,
last_id,
0,
)
}
/// Create and sign a new Witness Signature. Used for unit-testing.
fn budget_new_signature(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
contract: Pubkey,
to: Pubkey,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self {
let instruction = Instruction::ApplySignature;
let userdata = serialize(&instruction).unwrap();
Self::new(
from_keypair,
&[contract, to],
BudgetState::id(),
userdata,
last_id,
0,
)
}
fn budget_new_vote(from_keypair: &Keypair, vote: Vote, last_id: Hash, fee: i64) -> Self {
let instruction = Instruction::NewVote(vote);
let userdata = serialize(&instruction).expect("serialize instruction");
Self::new(from_keypair, &[], BudgetState::id(), userdata, last_id, fee)
}
/// Create and sign a postdated Transaction. Used for unit-testing.
fn budget_new_on_date(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
to: Pubkey,
contract: Pubkey,
dt: DateTime<Utc>,
dt_pubkey: Pubkey,
cancelable: Option<Pubkey>,
tokens: i64,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self {
let budget = if let Some(from) = cancelable {
Budget::Or(
(Condition::Timestamp(dt, dt_pubkey), Payment { tokens, to }),
(Condition::Signature(from), Payment { tokens, to: from }),
)
} else {
Budget::After(Condition::Timestamp(dt, dt_pubkey), Payment { tokens, to })
};
let instruction = Instruction::NewContract(Contract { budget, tokens });
let userdata = serialize(&instruction).expect("serialize instruction");
Self::new(
from_keypair,
&[contract],
BudgetState::id(),
userdata,
last_id,
0,
)
}
/// Create and sign a multisig Transaction.
fn budget_new_when_signed(
from_keypair: &Keypair,
to: Pubkey,
contract: Pubkey,
witness: Pubkey,
cancelable: Option<Pubkey>,
tokens: i64,
last_id: Hash,
) -> Self {
let budget = if let Some(from) = cancelable {
Budget::Or(
(Condition::Signature(witness), Payment { tokens, to }),
(Condition::Signature(from), Payment { tokens, to: from }),
)
} else {
Budget::After(Condition::Signature(witness), Payment { tokens, to })
};
let instruction = Instruction::NewContract(Contract { budget, tokens });
let userdata = serialize(&instruction).expect("serialize instruction");
Self::new(
from_keypair,
&[contract],
BudgetState::id(),
userdata,
last_id,
0,
)
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use bincode::{deserialize, serialize};
use signature::GenKeys;
#[test]
fn test_claim() {
let keypair = Keypair::new();
let zero = Hash::default();
let tx0 = Transaction::budget_new(&keypair, keypair.pubkey(), 42, zero);
assert!(tx0.verify_plan());
}
#[test]
fn test_transfer() {
let zero = Hash::default();
let keypair0 = Keypair::new();
let keypair1 = Keypair::new();
let pubkey1 = keypair1.pubkey();
let tx0 = Transaction::budget_new(&keypair0, pubkey1, 42, zero);
assert!(tx0.verify_plan());
}
#[test]
fn test_transfer_with_fee() {
let zero = Hash::default();
let keypair0 = Keypair::new();
let pubkey1 = Keypair::new().pubkey();
assert!(Transaction::budget_new_taxed(&keypair0, pubkey1, 1, 1, zero).verify_plan());
assert!(!Transaction::budget_new_taxed(&keypair0, pubkey1, 1, 2, zero).verify_plan());
assert!(!Transaction::budget_new_taxed(&keypair0, pubkey1, 1, -1, zero).verify_plan());
}
#[test]
fn test_serialize_claim() {
let budget = Budget::Pay(Payment {
tokens: 0,
to: Default::default(),
});
let instruction = Instruction::NewContract(Contract { budget, tokens: 0 });
let userdata = serialize(&instruction).unwrap();
let claim0 = Transaction {
keys: vec![],
last_id: Default::default(),
signature: Default::default(),
program_id: Default::default(),
fee: 0,
userdata,
};
let buf = serialize(&claim0).unwrap();
let claim1: Transaction = deserialize(&buf).unwrap();
assert_eq!(claim1, claim0);
}
#[test]
fn test_token_attack() {
let zero = Hash::default();
let keypair = Keypair::new();
let pubkey = keypair.pubkey();
let mut tx = Transaction::budget_new(&keypair, pubkey, 42, zero);
let mut instruction = tx.instruction().unwrap();
if let Instruction::NewContract(ref mut contract) = instruction {
contract.tokens = 1_000_000; // <-- attack, part 1!
if let Budget::Pay(ref mut payment) = contract.budget {
payment.tokens = contract.tokens; // <-- attack, part 2!
}
}
tx.userdata = serialize(&instruction).unwrap();
assert!(tx.verify_plan());
assert!(!tx.verify_signature());
}
#[test]
fn test_hijack_attack() {
let keypair0 = Keypair::new();
let keypair1 = Keypair::new();
let thief_keypair = Keypair::new();
let pubkey1 = keypair1.pubkey();
let zero = Hash::default();
let mut tx = Transaction::budget_new(&keypair0, pubkey1, 42, zero);
let mut instruction = tx.instruction();
if let Some(Instruction::NewContract(ref mut contract)) = instruction {
if let Budget::Pay(ref mut payment) = contract.budget {
payment.to = thief_keypair.pubkey(); // <-- attack!
}
}
tx.userdata = serialize(&instruction).unwrap();
assert!(tx.verify_plan());
assert!(!tx.verify_signature());
}
#[test]
fn test_overspend_attack() {
let keypair0 = Keypair::new();
let keypair1 = Keypair::new();
let zero = Hash::default();
let mut tx = Transaction::budget_new(&keypair0, keypair1.pubkey(), 1, zero);
let mut instruction = tx.instruction().unwrap();
if let Instruction::NewContract(ref mut contract) = instruction {
if let Budget::Pay(ref mut payment) = contract.budget {
payment.tokens = 2; // <-- attack!
}
}
tx.userdata = serialize(&instruction).unwrap();
assert!(!tx.verify_plan());
// Also, ensure all branchs of the plan spend all tokens
let mut instruction = tx.instruction().unwrap();
if let Instruction::NewContract(ref mut contract) = instruction {
if let Budget::Pay(ref mut payment) = contract.budget {
payment.tokens = 0; // <-- whoops!
}
}
tx.userdata = serialize(&instruction).unwrap();
assert!(!tx.verify_plan());
}
/// Detect binary changes in the serialized contract userdata, which could have a downstream
/// affect on SDKs and DApps
#[test]
fn test_sdk_serialize() {
let keypair = &GenKeys::new([0u8; 32]).gen_n_keypairs(1)[0];
let to = Pubkey::new(&[
1, 1, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4,
1, 1, 1,
]);
let program_id = Pubkey::new(&[
2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4,
2, 2, 2,
]);
let tx = Transaction::new(
keypair,
&[keypair.pubkey(), to],
program_id,
vec![1, 2, 3],
Hash::default(),
99,
);
assert_eq!(
serialize(&tx).unwrap(),
vec![
88, 1, 212, 176, 31, 197, 35, 156, 135, 24, 30, 57, 204, 253, 224, 28, 89, 189, 53,
64, 27, 148, 42, 199, 43, 236, 85, 182, 150, 64, 96, 53, 255, 235, 90, 197, 228, 6,
105, 22, 140, 209, 206, 221, 85, 117, 125, 126, 11, 1, 176, 130, 57, 236, 7, 155,
127, 58, 130, 92, 230, 219, 254, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 32, 253, 186, 201, 177,
11, 117, 135, 187, 167, 181, 188, 22, 59, 206, 105, 231, 150, 215, 30, 78, 212, 76,
16, 252, 180, 72, 134, 137, 247, 161, 68, 32, 253, 186, 201, 177, 11, 117, 135,
187, 167, 181, 188, 22, 59, 206, 105, 231, 150, 215, 30, 78, 212, 76, 16, 252, 180,
72, 134, 137, 247, 161, 68, 1, 1, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9,
9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 2, 2, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 99, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3
],
);
}
}