This PR adds an automatic memory alignment mechanism in the Triton runtime. Specifically, the JIT compiler detects the alignment (in bytes) of each pointer argument as well as the largest power of two divisor (between 1 and 16) of each integer argument. Proper .aligned and .multipleof attributes are then added to the Triton-IR on-the-fly for all auto-tunable kernels. There is a cache that remembers all the kernels compiled for each possible configuration.
This PR also includes substantial cleaning of the Python API. This adds 2-3us overhead, mostly due to accessing integer #defines from the auto-tuned compilation options. The previous solution was slightly faster but hacky and potentially unsafe, so this is preferred for now.
* Simplified `triton.kernel` API to achieve lower latency:
> .data_ptr() must now be passed as kernel argument. No more implicit
conversion from torch.tensor
> compilation options are now constant attributes, i.e., opt.d('VAR')
becomes opt.VAR
> torch.device must now be passed explicitly to triton.kernel (no
longer inferred from torch.tensor arguments)
* C++ tests moved to `python/tests/`
* C++ tutorial created in `tutorials/`
* Python tutorial created in python/tutorials/
* Version changed to 1.0alpha
* No longer copying C++ headers into the Python package
* added python/triton/ops/ package for pre-written Triton ops
