567 lines
70 KiB
HTML
567 lines
70 KiB
HTML
|
|
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html class="writer-html5" lang="en" >
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta charset="utf-8" />
|
|
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
|
|
|
<title>Layer Normalization — Triton documentation</title>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/css/theme.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/css/theme.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/gallery.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/gallery-binder.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/gallery-dataframe.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/gallery-rendered-html.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../_static/css/custom.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
|
|
<script src="../../_static/js/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
|
|
<![endif]-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../../" src="../../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
|
|
<script data-url_root="../../" id="documentation_options" src="../../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
|
|
<script src="../../_static/jquery.js"></script>
|
|
<script src="../../_static/underscore.js"></script>
|
|
<script src="../../_static/doctools.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="../../_static/js/theme.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="index" title="Index" href="../../genindex.html" />
|
|
<link rel="search" title="Search" href="../../search.html" />
|
|
<link rel="next" title="triton" href="../../python-api/triton.html" />
|
|
<link rel="prev" title="Low-Memory Dropout" href="04-low-memory-dropout.html" />
|
|
</head>
|
|
|
|
<body class="wy-body-for-nav">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="wy-grid-for-nav">
|
|
|
|
<nav data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-side">
|
|
<div class="wy-side-scroll">
|
|
<div class="wy-side-nav-search" >
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../../index.html" class="icon icon-home"> Triton
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div role="search">
|
|
<form id="rtd-search-form" class="wy-form" action="../../search.html" method="get">
|
|
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search docs" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
|
|
<input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
|
|
</form>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="wy-menu wy-menu-vertical" data-spy="affix" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Getting Started</span></p>
|
|
<ul class="current">
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../installation.html">Installation</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1 current"><a class="reference internal" href="index.html">Tutorials</a><ul class="current">
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="01-vector-add.html">Vector Addition</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="02-fused-softmax.html">Fused Softmax</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="03-matrix-multiplication.html">Matrix Multiplication</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="04-low-memory-dropout.html">Low-Memory Dropout</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2 current"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Layer Normalization</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Python API</span></p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../python-api/triton.html">triton</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../python-api/triton.language.html">triton.language</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../python-api/triton.testing.html">triton.testing</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p class="caption" role="heading"><span class="caption-text">Programming Guide</span></p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../programming-guide/chapter-1/introduction.html">Introduction</a></li>
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="../../programming-guide/chapter-2/related-work.html">Related Work</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<nav class="wy-nav-top" aria-label="top navigation">
|
|
|
|
<i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i>
|
|
<a href="../../index.html">Triton</a>
|
|
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="wy-nav-content">
|
|
|
|
<div class="rst-content">
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation">
|
|
|
|
<ul class="wy-breadcrumbs">
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="../../index.html" class="icon icon-home"></a> »</li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a href="index.html">Tutorials</a> »</li>
|
|
|
|
<li>Layer Normalization</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../../_sources/getting-started/tutorials/05-layer-norm.rst.txt" rel="nofollow"> View page source</a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<hr/>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div role="main" class="document" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">
|
|
<div itemprop="articleBody">
|
|
|
|
<div class="sphx-glr-download-link-note admonition note">
|
|
<p class="admonition-title">Note</p>
|
|
<p>Click <a class="reference internal" href="#sphx-glr-download-getting-started-tutorials-05-layer-norm-py"><span class="std std-ref">here</span></a>
|
|
to download the full example code</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sphx-glr-example-title section" id="layer-normalization">
|
|
<span id="sphx-glr-getting-started-tutorials-05-layer-norm-py"></span><h1>Layer Normalization<a class="headerlink" href="#layer-normalization" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
|
|
<img alt="05 layer norm" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_05-layer-norm_001.png" />
|
|
<p class="sphx-glr-script-out">Out:</p>
|
|
<div class="sphx-glr-script-out highlight-none notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>layer-norm-backward:
|
|
N Triton Torch Apex
|
|
0 1024.0 361.411758 99.497980 307.200008
|
|
1 1536.0 405.098894 134.540150 338.201833
|
|
2 2048.0 491.520012 158.554837 321.254900
|
|
3 2560.0 461.954908 182.314537 328.556154
|
|
4 3072.0 522.893629 191.999993 315.076914
|
|
5 3584.0 551.384634 208.271186 310.527060
|
|
6 4096.0 564.965515 219.919464 301.546004
|
|
7 4608.0 502.690905 233.316456 288.751954
|
|
8 5120.0 527.381977 240.469672 282.482762
|
|
9 5632.0 542.843364 241.371422 287.591490
|
|
10 6144.0 546.133354 250.349744 286.322318
|
|
11 6656.0 527.207907 255.182111 284.748652
|
|
12 7168.0 505.976473 256.000002 280.182402
|
|
13 7680.0 483.779539 264.447629 279.272719
|
|
14 8192.0 463.698115 265.327937 277.694924
|
|
15 8704.0 413.655443 263.757583 282.673891
|
|
16 9216.0 427.822068 270.065931 286.879380
|
|
17 9728.0 438.033784 279.942444 288.593329
|
|
18 10240.0 444.412281 285.435547 286.767793
|
|
19 10752.0 430.797982 246.699797 289.616170
|
|
20 11264.0 427.746848 244.205952 283.966395
|
|
21 11776.0 421.198220 249.227509 288.097854
|
|
22 12288.0 417.131525 253.578674 294.323369
|
|
23 12800.0 412.072450 253.465340 288.721817
|
|
24 13312.0 409.075539 253.763296 291.769875
|
|
25 13824.0 404.112047 257.190689 292.313649
|
|
26 14336.0 394.568805 252.246330 285.530296
|
|
27 14848.0 383.999990 257.479779 289.012175
|
|
28 15360.0 378.869469 260.338991 290.496454
|
|
29 15872.0 370.552519 263.800544 292.796308
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="line-block">
|
|
<div class="line"><br /></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">torch</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">triton</span>
|
|
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">triton.language</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">tl</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># This is https://github.com/NVIDIA/apex, NOT the apex on PyPi, so it</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># should not be added to extras_require in setup.py.</span>
|
|
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">apex</span>
|
|
<span class="n">HAS_APEX</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">True</span>
|
|
<span class="k">except</span> <span class="ne">ModuleNotFoundError</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="n">HAS_APEX</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">False</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="c1"># Forward Pass</span>
|
|
<span class="nd">@triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">jit</span>
|
|
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_layer_norm_fwd_fused</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Y</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">W</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">V</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stride</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">constexpr</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># position of elements processed by this program</span>
|
|
<span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">program_id</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">cols</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cols</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">N</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># offset data pointers to start at the row of interest</span>
|
|
<span class="n">X</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">stride</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Y</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">stride</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># load data and cast to float32</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># compute mean</span>
|
|
<span class="n">mean</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">N</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># compute std</span>
|
|
<span class="n">xmean</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">where</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">var</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xmean</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">xmean</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">N</span>
|
|
<span class="n">rstd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">1</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sqrt</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">var</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">xhat</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">xmean</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">rstd</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># write-back mean/rstd</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">M</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">V</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rstd</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># multiply by weight and add bias</span>
|
|
<span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">W</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">b</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">B</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">xhat</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">b</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># write-back</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Y</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="c1"># Backward pass (DX + partial DW + partial DB)</span>
|
|
<span class="nd">@triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">jit</span>
|
|
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_layer_norm_bwd_dx_fused</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DX</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DY</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DW</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">X</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">W</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">B</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">V</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Lock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">stride</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">constexpr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">constexpr</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># position of elements processed by this program</span>
|
|
<span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">program_id</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">cols</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">cols</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">N</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># offset data pointers to start at the row of interest</span>
|
|
<span class="n">X</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">stride</span>
|
|
<span class="n">DY</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">stride</span>
|
|
<span class="n">DX</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">stride</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># offset locks and weight/bias gradient pointer</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># each kernel instance accumulates partial sums for</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># DW and DB into one of GROUP_SIZE_M independent buffers</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># these buffers stay in the L2, which allow this kernel</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># to be fast</span>
|
|
<span class="n">lock_id</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">row</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Lock</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">lock_id</span>
|
|
<span class="n">Count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Lock</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span>
|
|
<span class="n">DW</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DW</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">lock_id</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span>
|
|
<span class="n">DB</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">DB</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">lock_id</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># load data to SRAM</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">X</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dy</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DY</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">W</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">mean</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">M</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">rstd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">V</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">row</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># compute dx</span>
|
|
<span class="n">xhat</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">rstd</span>
|
|
<span class="n">wdy</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">w</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">dy</span>
|
|
<span class="n">xhat</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">where</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">xhat</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">wdy</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">where</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">wdy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">mean1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xhat</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">wdy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">N</span>
|
|
<span class="n">mean2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wdy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">N</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dx</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">wdy</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xhat</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">mean1</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">mean2</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">rstd</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># write-back dx</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DX</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dx</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># accumulate partial sums for dw/db</span>
|
|
<span class="n">partial_dw</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dy</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">xhat</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">partial_db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dy</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">atomic_cas</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Lock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="k">pass</span>
|
|
<span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># first store doesn't accumulate</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">count</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">atomic_xchg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Count</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="n">partial_dw</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DW</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">partial_db</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DB</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DW</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">partial_dw</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DB</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">partial_db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># release lock</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">atomic_xchg</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">Lock</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="c1"># Backward pass (total DW + total DB)</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="nd">@triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">jit</span>
|
|
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">_layer_norm_bwd_dwdb</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DW</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">DB</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FINAL_DW</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">FINAL_DB</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">constexpr</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">constexpr</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="n">pid</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">program_id</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">cols</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">pid</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dw</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">zeros</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">zeros</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="n">rows</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">mask</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">rows</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">M</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">&</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">:]</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">offs</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">rows</span><span class="p">[:,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">:]</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dw</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DW</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">offs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">db</span> <span class="o">+=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">load</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">DB</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">offs</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">mask</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">other</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">sum_dw</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dw</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">sum_db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">axis</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FINAL_DW</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sum_dw</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cols</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">tl</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">store</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">FINAL_DB</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">cols</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">sum_db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mask</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">cols</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">LayerNorm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">autograd</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Function</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="nd">@staticmethod</span>
|
|
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">forward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ctx</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">normalized_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># allocate output</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty_like</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># reshape input data into 2D tensor</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x_arg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
|
|
<span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">x_arg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span>
|
|
<span class="n">mean</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">rstd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float32</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># Less than 64KB per feature: enqueue fused kernel</span>
|
|
<span class="n">MAX_FUSED_SIZE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">65536</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">element_size</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
<span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">MAX_FUSED_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">next_power_of_2</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="p">))</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o">></span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="k">raise</span> <span class="ne">RuntimeError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"This layer norm doesn't support feature dim >= 64KB."</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># heuristics for number of warps</span>
|
|
<span class="n">num_warps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">min</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">max</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span> <span class="o">//</span> <span class="mi">256</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="mi">8</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># enqueue kernel</span>
|
|
<span class="n">_layer_norm_fwd_fused</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,)](</span><span class="n">x_arg</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rstd</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x_arg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">num_warps</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">num_warps</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">save_for_backward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rstd</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">num_warps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">num_warps</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">eps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">eps</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">y</span>
|
|
|
|
<span class="nd">@staticmethod</span>
|
|
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">backward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ctx</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dy</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">saved_tensors</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># heuristics for amount of parallel reduction stream for DG/DB</span>
|
|
<span class="n">N</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span>
|
|
<span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">64</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o"><=</span> <span class="mi">8192</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">96</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o"><=</span> <span class="mi">4096</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">128</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o"><=</span> <span class="mi">1024</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">256</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># allocate output</span>
|
|
<span class="n">locks</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">zeros</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">int32</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">_dw</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">_db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]),</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dw</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],),</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">db</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty</span><span class="p">((</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],),</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">w</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dx</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">empty_like</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dy</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># enqueue kernel using forward pass heuristics</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># also compute partial sums for DW and DB</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x_arg</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reshape</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">])</span>
|
|
<span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">x_arg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">shape</span>
|
|
<span class="n">_layer_norm_bwd_dx_fused</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,)](</span><span class="n">dx</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_dw</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">m</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">v</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">locks</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x_arg</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stride</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">num_warps</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">ctx</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">num_warps</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">grid</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">meta</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">cdiv</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">meta</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'BLOCK_SIZE_N'</span><span class="p">])]</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># accumulate partial sums in separate kernel</span>
|
|
<span class="n">_layer_norm_bwd_dwdb</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">grid</span><span class="p">](</span><span class="n">_dw</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">_db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dw</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">GROUP_SIZE_M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_M</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">32</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">BLOCK_SIZE_N</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">128</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">dx</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dw</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">db</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="n">layer_norm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">LayerNorm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">apply</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">test_layer_norm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">1e-5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># create data</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x_shape</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">w_shape</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">weight</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">requires_grad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">bias</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">requires_grad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">2.3</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dy</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">.1</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randn_like</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">requires_grad_</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># forward pass</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y_tri</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">layer_norm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y_ref</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">functional</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">layer_norm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># backward pass (triton)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y_tri</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">backward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">retain_graph</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dx_tri</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dw_tri</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">db_tri</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">grad</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">]]</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">grad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">grad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">grad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="kc">None</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># backward pass (torch)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y_ref</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">backward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">retain_graph</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dx_ref</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dw_ref</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">db_ref</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">_</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">grad</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">clone</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">_</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">]]</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># compare</span>
|
|
<span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">testing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_almost_equal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_tri</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">y_ref</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">testing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_almost_equal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dx_tri</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dx_ref</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">testing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_almost_equal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">db_tri</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">db_ref</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">decimal</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">testing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">assert_almost_equal</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dw_tri</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dw_ref</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">decimal</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="nd">@triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">testing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">perf_report</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
|
<span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">testing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">Benchmark</span><span class="p">(</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x_names</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'N'</span><span class="p">],</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x_vals</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">512</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">32</span><span class="p">)],</span>
|
|
<span class="n">line_arg</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'provider'</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">line_vals</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'triton'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'torch'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">([</span><span class="s1">'apex'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">HAS_APEX</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">[]),</span>
|
|
<span class="n">line_names</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'Triton'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Torch'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="p">([</span><span class="s1">'Apex'</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">HAS_APEX</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="p">[]),</span>
|
|
<span class="n">styles</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[(</span><span class="s1">'blue'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'-'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'green'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'-'</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'orange'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'-'</span><span class="p">)],</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ylabel</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'GB/s'</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">plot_name</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'layer-norm-backward'</span><span class="p">,</span>
|
|
<span class="n">args</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">'M'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">4096</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'dtype'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">float16</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'mode'</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="s1">'backward'</span><span class="p">}</span>
|
|
<span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">bench_layer_norm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">provider</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">mode</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'backward'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mf">1e-5</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">):</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># create data</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x_shape</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">M</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">N</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">w_shape</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_shape</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">weight</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">requires_grad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">bias</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">requires_grad</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">2.3</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="mf">0.5</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randn</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">dtype</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">device</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'cuda'</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">dy</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">.1</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randn_like</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">requires_grad_</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># utility functions</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">provider</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'triton'</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y_fwd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">layer_norm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">provider</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'torch'</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y_fwd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">torch</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">nn</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">functional</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">layer_norm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">weight</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">bias</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eps</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">provider</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'apex'</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="n">apex_layer_norm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">apex</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">normalization</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">FusedLayerNorm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">w_shape</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">device</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">to</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dtype</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y_fwd</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">apex_layer_norm</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># forward pass</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mode</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'forward'</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="n">gbps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">ms</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">2</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">numel</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">element_size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">ms</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mf">1e-6</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">min_ms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">max_ms</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">testing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">do_bench</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">y_fwd</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">rep</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="c1"># backward pass</span>
|
|
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mode</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">'backward'</span><span class="p">:</span>
|
|
<span class="n">gbps</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">ms</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="mi">3</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">numel</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="n">x</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">element_size</span><span class="p">()</span> <span class="o">/</span> <span class="n">ms</span> <span class="o">*</span> <span class="mf">1e-6</span>
|
|
<span class="n">y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">y_fwd</span><span class="p">()</span>
|
|
<span class="n">ms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">min_ms</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">max_ms</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">triton</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">testing</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">do_bench</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="k">lambda</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">y</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">backward</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">dy</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">retain_graph</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">),</span>
|
|
<span class="n">grad_to_none</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">x</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">rep</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">500</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">gbps</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ms</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">gbps</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">max_ms</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">gbps</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">min_ms</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span class="n">bench_layer_norm</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">run</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">save_path</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'.'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">print_data</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="kc">True</span><span class="p">)</span>
|
|
</pre></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="sphx-glr-timing"><strong>Total running time of the script:</strong> ( 2 minutes 13.338 seconds)</p>
|
|
<div class="sphx-glr-footer class sphx-glr-footer-example docutils container" id="sphx-glr-download-getting-started-tutorials-05-layer-norm-py">
|
|
<div class="sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-python docutils container">
|
|
<p><a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../../_downloads/935c0dd0fbeb4b2e69588471cbb2d4b2/05-layer-norm.py"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Download</span> <span class="pre">Python</span> <span class="pre">source</span> <span class="pre">code:</span> <span class="pre">05-layer-norm.py</span></code></a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="sphx-glr-download sphx-glr-download-jupyter docutils container">
|
|
<p><a class="reference download internal" download="" href="../../_downloads/ae7fff29e1b574187bc930ed94bcc353/05-layer-norm.ipynb"><code class="xref download docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Download</span> <span class="pre">Jupyter</span> <span class="pre">notebook:</span> <span class="pre">05-layer-norm.ipynb</span></code></a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<p class="sphx-glr-signature"><a class="reference external" href="https://sphinx-gallery.github.io">Gallery generated by Sphinx-Gallery</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<footer>
|
|
<div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation">
|
|
<a href="../../python-api/triton.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="triton" accesskey="n" rel="next">Next <span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-right" aria-hidden="true"></span></a>
|
|
<a href="04-low-memory-dropout.html" class="btn btn-neutral float-left" title="Low-Memory Dropout" accesskey="p" rel="prev"><span class="fa fa-arrow-circle-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> Previous</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<hr/>
|
|
|
|
<div role="contentinfo">
|
|
<p>
|
|
© Copyright 2020, Philippe Tillet.
|
|
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Built with <a href="https://www.sphinx-doc.org/">Sphinx</a> using a
|
|
|
|
<a href="https://github.com/readthedocs/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a>
|
|
|
|
provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>.
|
|
|
|
</footer>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="rst-versions" data-toggle="rst-versions" role="note" aria-label="versions">
|
|
<span class="rst-current-version" data-toggle="rst-current-version">
|
|
<span class="fa fa-book"> Other Versions</span>
|
|
v: master
|
|
<span class="fa fa-caret-down"></span>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<div class="rst-other-versions">
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt>Tags</dt>
|
|
<dd><a href="../../../v1.1.2/index.html">v1.1.2</a></dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
<dl>
|
|
<dt>Branches</dt>
|
|
<dd><a href="05-layer-norm.html">master</a></dd>
|
|
</dl>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
jQuery(function () {
|
|
SphinxRtdTheme.Navigation.enable(true);
|
|
});
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html> |