feat(docs): add wsl setup to docs (#38997)

Co-authored-by: Oliver Eyton-Williams <ojeytonwilliams@gmail.com>

docs/_sidebar.md

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
   - [Work on the news theme](/how-to-work-on-the-news-theme.md)
   - [Work on the docs theme](/how-to-work-on-the-docs-theme.md)
   - [Catch outgoing emails locally](/how-to-catch-outgoing-emails-locally.md)
+  - [Set up WSL](/how-to-setup-wsl.md)
 - **<i class="fad fa-language"></i> Chinese Community Contribution Guides** (中文社区贡献指南)
   - [成为专栏作者](/chinese-guides/news-author-application.md)
   - [文章翻译计划](/chinese-guides/news-translations.md)

docs/how-to-setup-wsl.md

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+# Setting up WSL for Working with freeCodeCamp Locally
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Requirements:
+> 
+> **WSL 1**: Windows 10 64-bit, version 1607
+> 
+> **WSL 2**: Windows 10 64-bit, version 2004, Build 19041 or higher
+
+Follow these guidlines for setting up WSL to set up freeCodeCamp locally.
+
+This guide covers some common issues encountered with the setup of WSL.
+
+## Enable WSL & Download a Distro
+
+1) Follow the instructions given in the documentation by Microsoft to install WSL2 (Recommended Distro: Ubuntu18.04):
+[Installing WSL2](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/nodejs/setup-on-wsl2#install-windows-10-insider-preview-build)
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> You can download a different distro, but the setup might differ.
+
+2) On the same page, ensure to follow the instructions about installing Nodejs and NPM through the NVM.
+
+**NOTE:** If you encounter errors on step 2, skip to the next step, and return when prompted
+
+## Setting Up Git
+
+It is likely you will be unable to clone your fork of freeCodeCamp, without running these steps, but there is no harm in trying. Just follow the instructions on [the Contributors Site](https://contribute.freecodecamp.org/#/how-to-setup-freecodecamp-locally).
+
+If you run into any issues related to Git, follow through with one of the following alternatives. If that does not resolve the issue, try the next alternative:
+
+### ALTERNATIVE 1 - Use apt-get to Install the Latest Version of Git
+
+1) Update your distribution:
+
+```sh
+sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade
+```
+
+2) Download and install Git:
+
+```sh
+sudo apt install git
+```
+
+3) Verify the installed version:
+
+```sh
+git --version
+```
+
+### ALTERNATIVE 2 - Use SSH to Work on Your Fork
+
+1) Follow the instructions on [GitHub](https://help.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/connecting-to-github-with-ssh) to generate a new SSH key, and add it to your account.
+
+2) If you encounter an error similar to this, perform the rest of this alternative:
+
+ >ssh: connect to host `github.com` port 22: Connection refused
+
+3) `cd` into the `.ssh` folder, and create a config file:
+
+```sh
+cd ~/.ssh && touch config
+```
+
+4) Open the file with your favourite text editor:
+
+Open VS Code: `code .`
+
+Alternatively, open the folder in the explorer, and use the Windows built-in text editor: `explorer.exe .`
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> This command works for VS Code, and you might be asked to install an extension for this to work
+
+5) Add this to the config file to allow GitHub's domain through your firewall:
+
+```
+# GitHub Account
+Host github.com
+    HostName ssh.github.com
+    Port 443
+    PreferredAuthentications publickey
+    IdentityFile ./id_rsa.pub
+```
+
+> [!DANGER]
+> Provided you have not deviated from the default setup, the `IdentityFile` will be as above.
+
+6) Return to the GitHub SSH setup to test your connection
+
+### ALTERNATIVE 3 - Last Resort
+
+1) Install build-essential, fakeroot and dpkg-dev using the following command:
+
+```sh
+sudo apt-get install build-essential fakeroot dpkg-dev
+```
+
+2) Create a directory named git-rectify in the home folder using the following command:
+
+```sh
+mkdir ~/git-rectify
+```
+
+3) Change directory to the `get-rectify` directory and get the git source files:
+
+```sh
+cd ~/git-rectify
+```
+
+4) This command creates a copy of your `sources.list` file, for safe keeping.
+
+```sh
+sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list~
+```
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> If you encounter any errors with the directory not existing, or the file being copied to already existing, follow this step:
+
+ - Enter the directory
+
+```sh
+cd ~/git-rectify/etc/apt
+```
+
+ - Open your file explorer
+
+```sh
+explorer.exe .
+```
+
+ - Manually create a copy of the `sources.list` file, and save it with a different name.
+ - Change directory back to `git-rectify`
+
+```sh
+cd ../..
+```
+
+Continue from these steps:
+
+5) Now, you need to uncomment the sources in the ../ file
+
+```sh
+sudo sed -Ei 's/^# deb-src /deb-src /' /etc/apt/sources.list
+```
+
+6) Get the source files from the list:
+
+```sh
+apt-get source git
+```
+
+7) Install all the git dependencies:
+
+```sh
+sudo apt-get build-dep git
+```
+
+8) Install libcurl with all development files:
+
+```sh
+sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev
+```
+
+9) Unpack all the source packages using the following command:
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> The name `git_2.17.1-1ubuntu0.1` could vary based on the lastest version. So look in to the directory for the correct version name.
+
+```sh
+dpkg-source -x git_2.17.1-1ubuntu0.1
+```
+
+10) Change directory in to `git_2.17.1` folder and open the control file located inside debian folder (git_2.17.1/debian/control) in a text editor. Replace all the occurences of _“libcurl4-gnutls-dev”_ to _“libcurl4-openssl-dev”_.
+
+11) Also open _“debian/rules”_ file and delete the line _“TEST=test”_
+
+12) Build the package files using the following command.
+
+```sh
+sudo dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -b
+```
+
+13) Install the package:
+
+```sh
+sudo dpkg -i git_2.17.1_amd64.deb
+```
+
+---
+
+## Setup MongoDB on WSL
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Remember to return to **step 2** of [Enabling WSL](#enable-wsl-amp-download-a-distro), if you skipped it.
+
+You might find that setting up MongoDB Server on Windows to be the easiest, but connecting to the server from WSL might lead to permission denied errors.
+
+1) Follow the instructions on the [Microsoft Documentation](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/nodejs/databases) for setting up MongoDB on WSL.
+
+If you encounter any errors similar to this:
+>NonExistentPath: Data directory /data/db not found.
+
+Follow these steps:
+
+2) Create the path for the database:
+
+```sh
+sudo mkdir -p /data/db
+```
+
+3) Try to start the server again. If you encounter a `permission denied` error, start the server with:
+
+```sh
+sudo mongod
+```
+
+If you encounter another `path` error, manually tell MongoDB where to store the database:
+
+```sh
+mongod --dbpath=data/db
+```
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> The path `data/db` must exist beforehand.
+
+## Other Possible Issues
+
+> ERR! build error gyp ERR! stack Error: not found: make
+
+- Install missing dependencies
+
+```sh
+sudo apt-get install -yq /
+gconf-service libasound2 libatk1.0-0 libatk-bridge2.0-0 libc6 libcairo2 libcups2 libdbus-1-3 /
+libexpat1 libfontconfig1 libgcc1 libgconf-2-4 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libglib2.0-0 libgtk-3-0 libnspr4 /
+libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libstdc++6 libx11-6 libx11-xcb1 libxcb1 libxcomposite1libxcursor1 /
+libxdamage1 libxext6 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxss1 libxtst6 ca-certificates /
+fonts-liberation libappindicator1 libnss3 lsb-release xdg-utils wget
+```