freeCodeCamp/guide/english/c/structures/index.md

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Structures

Structures in C

What are Structures?

• A structure is a user-defined type in C. It is based on the idea that certain times, programmer wants to manage not just primitive data-types but also programmer-defined data-types.
• Structure, as the name suggests, consists of various primitive data-types, like character, integers, floating point variables, arrays, etc.
• Structure can also contain various other user-defined data types. You would learn about nested-structures next.
• Structures form the basis of object-oriented-programming as the concept of class originates from structures.

struct keyword

• struct keyword can help us in defining a user-defined data type.

struct StudentRecord
{
  char Name[20];
  int Class;
  char Address[30];
  char Phone[10];
};

• We can also define a structure using typedef which makes initializing a structure later in our program easier.

typedef struct StudentRecord
{
  char Name[20];
  int Class;
  char Address[30];
  char Phone[10];
}Record;

In main(), the user-defined data-type StudentRecord is defined as:

int main(void)
{
  struct StudentRecord student1;
}

And using typedef, the user-defined data-type looks like:

int main(void)
{
  Record student1;
}

To access the data stored in student1, we use dot( . ) operator to access the contents of the structure type variable.

int main(void)
{
  struct StudentRecord student1;
  student1.Class = 10;
  printf("Enter Name of Student\n");
  scanf("%s",&student1.Name);
  printf("Enter Address of Student\n");
  scanf("%s",&student1.Address);
  printf("Enter Phone Number of Student\n");
  scanf("%s",&student1.Phone);
  // Printing the Data
  printf("Name: %s \n, Class: %d \n, Address: %s \n, Phone: %s \n",student1.Name, student1.Class, student1.Address, student1.Phone);
}

More Information

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cprogramming/c_structures.htm