Oliver Eyton-Williams ee1e8abd87
feat(curriculum): restore seed + solution to Chinese (#40683)
* feat(tools): add seed/solution restore script

* chore(curriculum): remove empty sections' markers

* chore(curriculum): add seed + solution to Chinese

* chore: remove old formatter

* fix: update getChallenges

parse translated challenges separately, without reference to the source

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to English

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to Chinese

* refactor: remove unused challenge property 'name'

* fix: relax dashedName requirement

* fix: stray tag

Remove stray `pre` tag from challenge file.

Signed-off-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>
2021-01-12 19:31:00 -07:00

6.7 KiB
Raw Blame History

id, title, challengeType, forumTopicId, dashedName
id title challengeType forumTopicId dashedName
587d7b7b367417b2b2512b16 创建复杂的多维数组 1 301159 create-complex-multi-dimensional-arrays

--description--

很好!你现在已经学到很多关于数组的知识了,但这些只是个开始。我们将在接下来的中挑战中学到更多与数组相关的知识。在继续学习对象Objects)之前,让我们再花一点时间了解下更复杂的数组嵌套。

数组的一个强大的特性是,它可以包含其他数组,甚至完全由其他数组组成。在上一个挑战中,我们已经接触到了包含数组的数组,但它还算是比较简单的。数组中的数组还可以再包含其他数组,即可以嵌套任意多层数组。习惯上,我们称这种数据结构为多维multi-dimensional数组或嵌套nested数组。请看如下的示例

let nestedArray = [ // 顶层,或第 1 层,即最外层数组
  ['deep'], // 数组中的数组,第 2 层
  [
    ['deeper'], ['deeper'] // 第 3 层,元素为嵌套的两个数组
  ],
  [
    [
      ['deepest'], ['deepest'] // 第 4 层,元素为嵌套的两个数组
    ],
    [
      [
        ['deepest-est?'] // 第 5 层,元素为嵌套的一个数组
      ]
    ]
  ]
];

虽然这个例子看起来错综复杂,不过,尤其是在处理大量数据的时候,这种数据结构还是经常会用到的。尽管结构复杂,不过我们仍可以通过方括号表示法来访问嵌套得最深的数组:

console.log(nestedArray[2][1][0][0][0]);
// logs: deepest-est?

既然我们知道数据的位置,当然,我们也可以修改它:

nestedArray[2][1][0][0][0] = 'deeper still';

console.log(nestedArray[2][1][0][0][0]);
// now logs: deeper still

--instructions--

我们已经定义了一个叫做 myNestedArray 的数组变量。请修改 myNestedArray,使用字符串string数字number布尔值boolean作为数组的元素,并让 myNestedArray 刚好有 5 层(注意,最外层的数组是第 1 层)。同时,请在第 3 层的数组中包含字符串 'deep';在第 4 层的数组中包含字符串 'deeper',在第 5 层的数组中包含字符串 'deepest'

--hints--

myNestedArray 中的数据元素应只包含字符串、数字或者布尔值。

assert.strictEqual(
  (function (arr) {
    let flattened = (function flatten(arr) {
      const flat = [].concat(...arr);
      return flat.some(Array.isArray) ? flatten(flat) : flat;
    })(arr);
    for (let i = 0; i < flattened.length; i++) {
      if (
        typeof flattened[i] !== 'number' &&
        typeof flattened[i] !== 'string' &&
        typeof flattened[i] !== 'boolean'
      ) {
        return false;
      }
    }
    return true;
  })(myNestedArray),
  true
);

myNestedArray 应刚好包含 5 层嵌套数组。

assert.strictEqual(
  (function (arr) {
    let depth = 0;
    function arrayDepth(array, i, d) {
      if (Array.isArray(array[i])) {
        arrayDepth(array[i], 0, d + 1);
      } else {
        depth = d > depth ? d : depth;
      }
      if (i < array.length) {
        arrayDepth(array, i + 1, d);
      }
    }
    arrayDepth(arr, 0, 0);
    return depth;
  })(myNestedArray),
  4
);

myNestedArray 中应只有一个字符串 "deep",并且应出现在第 3 层数组中。

assert(
  (function howDeep(array, target, depth = 0) {
    return array.reduce((combined, current) => {
      if (Array.isArray(current)) {
        return combined.concat(howDeep(current, target, depth + 1));
      } else if (current === target) {
        return combined.concat(depth);
      } else {
        return combined;
      }
    }, []);
  })(myNestedArray, 'deep').length === 1 &&
    (function howDeep(array, target, depth = 0) {
      return array.reduce((combined, current) => {
        if (Array.isArray(current)) {
          return combined.concat(howDeep(current, target, depth + 1));
        } else if (current === target) {
          return combined.concat(depth);
        } else {
          return combined;
        }
      }, []);
    })(myNestedArray, 'deep')[0] === 2
);

myNestedArray 中应只有一个字符串 "deeper",并且应出现在第 4 层数组中。

assert(
  (function howDeep(array, target, depth = 0) {
    return array.reduce((combined, current) => {
      if (Array.isArray(current)) {
        return combined.concat(howDeep(current, target, depth + 1));
      } else if (current === target) {
        return combined.concat(depth);
      } else {
        return combined;
      }
    }, []);
  })(myNestedArray, 'deeper').length === 1 &&
    (function howDeep(array, target, depth = 0) {
      return array.reduce((combined, current) => {
        if (Array.isArray(current)) {
          return combined.concat(howDeep(current, target, depth + 1));
        } else if (current === target) {
          return combined.concat(depth);
        } else {
          return combined;
        }
      }, []);
    })(myNestedArray, 'deeper')[0] === 3
);

myNestedArray 中应只有一个字符串 "deepest",并且应出现在第 5 层数组中。

assert(
  (function howDeep(array, target, depth = 0) {
    return array.reduce((combined, current) => {
      if (Array.isArray(current)) {
        return combined.concat(howDeep(current, target, depth + 1));
      } else if (current === target) {
        return combined.concat(depth);
      } else {
        return combined;
      }
    }, []);
  })(myNestedArray, 'deepest').length === 1 &&
    (function howDeep(array, target, depth = 0) {
      return array.reduce((combined, current) => {
        if (Array.isArray(current)) {
          return combined.concat(howDeep(current, target, depth + 1));
        } else if (current === target) {
          return combined.concat(depth);
        } else {
          return combined;
        }
      }, []);
    })(myNestedArray, 'deepest')[0] === 4
);

--seed--

--seed-contents--

let myNestedArray = [
  // Only change code below this line
  ['unshift', false, 1, 2, 3, 'complex', 'nested'],
  ['loop', 'shift', 6, 7, 1000, 'method'],
  ['concat', false, true, 'spread', 'array'],
  ['mutate', 1327.98, 'splice', 'slice', 'push'],
  ['iterate', 1.3849, 7, '8.4876', 'arbitrary', 'depth']
  // Only change code above this line
];

--solutions--

let myNestedArray = [
  ['unshift', ['deep', ['deeper', ['deepest']]],false, 1, 2, 3, 'complex', 'nested'],
  ['loop', 'shift', 6, 7, 1000, 'method'],
  ['concat', false, true, 'spread', 'array'],
  ['mutate', 1327.98, 'splice', 'slice', 'push'],
  ['iterate', 1.3849, 7, '8.4876', 'arbitrary', 'depth']
];