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freeCodeCamp/curriculum/challenges/chinese/03-front-end-libraries/react/use-the-lifecycle-method-componentdidmount.md
Oliver Eyton-Williams ee1e8abd87 feat(curriculum): restore seed + solution to Chinese (#40683)
* feat(tools): add seed/solution restore script

* chore(curriculum): remove empty sections' markers

* chore(curriculum): add seed + solution to Chinese

* chore: remove old formatter

* fix: update getChallenges

parse translated challenges separately, without reference to the source

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to English

* chore(curriculum): add dashedName to Chinese

* refactor: remove unused challenge property 'name'

* fix: relax dashedName requirement

* fix: stray tag

Remove stray `pre` tag from challenge file.

Signed-off-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>

Co-authored-by: nhcarrigan <nhcarrigan@gmail.com>
2021-01-12 19:31:00 -07:00

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id, title, challengeType, forumTopicId, dashedName
id title challengeType forumTopicId dashedName
5a24c314108439a4d403617d 使用生命周期方法componentDidMount 6 301422 use-the-lifecycle-method-componentdidmount

--description--

某些时候,大多数 web 开发人员需要调用 API 端点来检索数据。如果你正在使用 React知道在哪里执行这个动作是很重要的。

React 的最佳实践是在生命周期方法componentDidMount()中对服务器进行 API 调用或任何其他调用。将组件装载到 DOM 后会调用此方法。此处对setState()的任何调用都将触发组件的重新渲染。在此方法中调用 API 并使用 API 返回的数据设置 state 时,一旦收到数据,它将自动触发更新。

--instructions--

componentDidMount() 中有一个模拟 API 调用。它在 2.5 秒后设置 state以模拟调用服务器检索数据。本示例请求站点的当前活动用户总数。在 render 方法中,把 activeUsers 渲染到文字 Active Users: 后的 h1 标签中。观看预览中发生的事情,随意更改超时时间以查看不同的效果。

--hints--

MyComponent应该渲染一个包含h1标签的div元素。

assert(
  (() => {
    const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent));
    return (
      mockedComponent.find('div').length === 1 &&
      mockedComponent.find('h1').length === 1
    );
  })()
);

组件 state 应该用componentDidMount中的延时函数来更新。

assert(
  (() => {
    const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent));
    return new RegExp('setTimeout(.|\n)+setState(.|\n)+activeUsers').test(
      String(mockedComponent.instance().componentDidMount)
    );
  })()
);

h1标签应该从MyComponent的 state 渲染activeUsers值。

async () => {
  const mockedComponent = Enzyme.mount(React.createElement(MyComponent));
  const first = () => {
    mockedComponent.setState({ activeUsers: 1237 });
    return mockedComponent.find('h1').text();
  };
  const second = () => {
    mockedComponent.setState({ activeUsers: 1000 });
    return mockedComponent.find('h1').text();
  };
  assert(new RegExp('1237').test(first()) && new RegExp('1000').test(second()));
};

--seed--

--after-user-code--

ReactDOM.render(<MyComponent />, document.getElementById('root'));

--seed-contents--

class MyComponent extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      activeUsers: null
    };
  }
  componentDidMount() {
    setTimeout(() => {
      this.setState({
        activeUsers: 1273
      });
    }, 2500);
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        {/* Change code below this line */}
        <h1>Active Users: </h1>
        {/* Change code above this line */}
      </div>
    );
  }
}

--solutions--

class MyComponent extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.state = {
      activeUsers: null
    };
  }
  componentDidMount() {
    setTimeout(() => {
      this.setState({
        activeUsers: 1273
      });
    }, 2500);
  }
  render() {
    return (
      <div>
        <h1>Active Users: {this.state.activeUsers}</h1>
      </div>
    );
  }
}